Predictive fault-tolerant control of an all-thruster satellite in 6-DOF motion via neural network model updating

The problem of controlling an all-thruster spacecraft in the coupled translational-rotational motion in presence of actuators fault and/or failure is investigated in this paper. The nonlinear model predictive control approach is used because of its ability to predict the future behavior of the system. The fault/failure of the thrusters changes the mapping between the commanded forces to the thrusters and actual force/torque generated by the thruster system. Thus, the basic six degree-of-freedom kinetic equations are separated from this mapping and a set of neural networks are trained off-line to learn the kinetic equations. Then, two neural networks are attached to these trained networks in order to learn the thruster commands to force/torque mappings on-line. Different off-nominal conditions are modeled so that neural networks can detect any failure and fault, including scale factor and misalignment of thrusters. A simple model of the spacecraft relative motion is used in MPC to decrease the computational burden. However, a precise model by the means of orbit propagation including different types of perturbation is utilized to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed approach in actual conditions. The numerical simulation shows that this method can successfully control the all-thruster spacecraft with ON-OFF thrusters in different combinations of thruster fault and/or failure.     

Statistical characteristics of low latitude Pc4s: Influence of solar wind and IMF parameters

Pc4 signatures for the year 2013, extracted from geomagnetic north–south and east–west components of induction coil magnetometer (LEMI 30) from low latitude station Desalpar (DSP), operated by Institute of Seismological Research (ISR), India have been investigated vis-à-vis the prevalent interplanetary parameters (IMF) as well as the geomagnetic activity indices. A clear dominance of Pc4-5 (467 events) over Pc3 (17 events) is observed. Local time variation of Pc4 shows a peak in the noon sector in both X and Y components. Our investigations show that the dominant peak frequency is 10 mHz at low latitude region. Correlations with solar wind and IMF parameters illustrate highest occurrence of Pc4 for a solar wind speed of 300–400 km/s and average IMF B field of 3–6 nT. The amplitude of Pc4s at DSP shows an increase with increasing solar wind speed, plasma density, solar wind dynamic pressure and average B field which is also reflected in the trend of frequency variation of these pulsations. We report that IMF clock angle at low latitude does not have influence on Pc4 occurrence. Based on the characteristics of these events, detected in latitudinally distributed stations from low and mid-latitudes from northern and southern hemisphere, we infer that modes were compressional, which could be driven by K-H instability or solar wind dynamic pressure, as compressional modes can propagate to low latitude with little attenuation.     

钛合金TC4的超硬磨料柔性抛光轮数控抛光试验研究

航空发动机叶片钛合金材料在数控磨抛加工中容易发生烧伤及黏附现象,针对常用的TC4材料开展了超硬磨料柔性抛光轮数控抛光试验研究。分析了超硬磨料柔性抛光轮抛光参数中转速、进给速度、预压量及行距对抛光去除深度及抛光后试件表面粗糙度的影响规律并通过正交试验分析了各抛光参数影响的主次关系。确认了钛合金试件抛光表面黏附物质成分,并同时分析了表面黏附物的形成原理。给出了TC4钛合金材料在超硬磨料柔性抛光轮数控抛光过程中工艺参数的选择策略,为TC4材料的航空发动机叶片和整体叶盘在超硬磨料柔性抛光轮数控抛光过程中提供理论依据和技术基础。     

Improvement of forebody/inlet integration for hypersonic vehicle

Results of a numerical (CFD) study of the influence of the forebody shape on local flow parameters at a bottom-mounted inlet entrance are presented. The free-stream Mach number is assumed to be 3.5–7.0. Some recommendations on forebody shape optimization are provided. Main characteristics of the air inlet are evaluated.     

基于光学测角数据的风云四号同步轨道卫星精密定轨

针对风云四号同步卫星的精密定轨和精度评估需求,首先利用地面光学测角数据对FY-4A卫星进行精密定轨,定轨后方位角和高度角的残差rms分别为0.25＂和0.45＂。与基于测距数据的轨道相比,位置精度在有测角数据的弧段内小于50m。进一步联合测角数据和测距数据对FY-4A卫星进行联合定轨,定轨后轨道重叠精度优于15m。利用联合定轨结果评估了基于测距数据的实时轨道产品精度,可以明显发现轨道精度随着测距数据的积累而逐步提高。     

面向非结构混合网格高精度阻力预测的梯度求解方法

针对非结构混合网格的特点,通过改进传统的Green-Gauss梯度求解方法,提出了一种可提高非结构混合网格黏性计算精度的节点型Green-Gauss梯度求解方法。利用改进后的方法,完成了DLR-F4翼身组合体算例的计算和对比分析。改进后的梯度求解方法残差收敛更好,下降量级更多,阻力系数和试验吻合更好,激波区域压力分布和分离区域流场细节的模拟更精确,说明改进后的梯度求解方法有效提高了程序的鲁棒性和阻力预测精度,验证了方法的有效性。采用改进后的方法对第5届AIAA阻力预测研讨会的通用研究模型（CRM）进行了详细的模拟分析,结果表明：改进的梯度求解方法更加适用于非结构混合网格的黏性计算,计算精准度达到国际同类CFD软件水平,进一步验证了改进方法的可靠性。     

YE4系列超超高效率三相异步电动机效率验证的研究

IE4超超高效率为国际电工委员会发布的IEC 60034-30-1:2014标准中电动机的最高效率等级。采用B法——测量输入-输出功率的损耗分析法对YE4系列(IP55)三相异步电动机的各大损耗的精准测试,以及采用不同降耗设计措施所达效果等进行了实际验证,确保了全系列电机达到了IE4效率等级规定。YE4系列产品的成功开发及推广应用,将对进一步推进我国节能减排政策的落实做出重要的贡献。     

Alternative transfer to the Earth–Moon Lagrangian points L4 and L5 using lunar gravity assist

Lagrangian points L4 and L5 lie at 60° ahead of and behind the Moon in its orbit with respect to the Earth. Each one of them is a third point of an equilateral triangle with the base of the line defined by those two bodies. These Lagrangian points are stable for the Earth–Moon mass ratio. As so, these Lagrangian points represent remarkable positions to host astronomical observatories or space stations. However, this same distance characteristic may be a challenge for periodic servicing mission. This paper studies elliptic trajectories from an Earth circular parking orbit to reach the Moon’s sphere of influence and apply a swing-by maneuver in order to re-direct the path of a spacecraft to a vicinity of the Lagrangian points L4 and L5. Once the geocentric transfer orbit and the initial impulsive thrust have been determined, the goal is to establish the angle at which the geocentric trajectory crosses the lunar sphere of influence in such a way that when the spacecraft leaves the Moon’s gravitational field, its trajectory and velocity with respect to the Earth change in order to the spacecraft arrives at L4 and L5. In this work, the planar Circular Restricted Three Body Problem approximation is used and in order to avoid solving a two boundary problem, the patched-conic approximation is considered.     

CET-4复合式听写试题内容效度历时研究(1997—2011)

本文以1997—2011年CET-4复合式听写为研究对象,从听力材料题材、体裁、篇幅、累计用时、平均语速等方面进行历时分析。结果表明15年来该部分呈现以下特点:1)以人文科学为主;2)以说明文和议论文为主,议论文有增加的趋势;3)材料篇幅集中在210-250个词;4)累计用时集中在5-6分钟;5)平均语速多数是每分钟约130个词。最后,本文总结了复合式听写对大学英语听力教学的启示,并尝试为该题型的命制提出一些建议。     

深空伪码测距中复合码性能的分析与研究

深空伪码测距系统中复合码的选择影响到系统的无模糊距离、测距精度、捕获时间和硬件实现方法. 针对深空伪码测距系统中常用的测距码进行仿真、分析、比较与研究, 包括复合码的频谱特性、周期、直流分量、码钟衰减、捕获时间和测距抖动误差等. 利用同相相关系数和非同相相关系数的信号空间图分析复合码的捕获时间性能; 采用同相中相积分环作为码跟踪环, 利用其线性环路模型分析测距系统的抖动误差性能; 进而分析半正弦成型和方波成型对系统的捕获时间和测距抖动误差的影响. 通过研究和分析认为, 在深空测控测距中, 一种比较适用的测距方式是选择T4B作为伪码测距系统的测距码, 基于DDS原理产生任意码片移位的伪码序列, 采用半正弦成型调制方式和半正弦匹 配滤波接收技术, 利用同相中相积分环进行伪码的跟踪.