铝合金与橡胶软油箱抗老化涂层接触腐蚀机理研究

通过对7A04-T6包铝合金及去包铝合金与三种橡胶抗老化涂层材料在高温、高湿环境中的接触腐蚀产物SEM形貌分析及EDS成分分析,表明铝合金与橡胶抗老化涂层接触腐蚀形貌特征为点蚀,腐蚀严重时试样表面局部或全部被大量腐蚀产物所覆盖,腐蚀产物的主要元素为Al,C,O,Mg,Zn,Cl,Si,S.提出了铝合金与橡胶抗老化涂层"接触-扩散-吸附/沉积物层与电解质薄液膜层形成/腐蚀闭塞区形成/阴离子加速自催化腐蚀/点蚀-晶间腐蚀-剥落腐蚀"的接触腐蚀过程及机理.     

腐蚀条件下铝合金疲劳裂纹扩展试验及模型

进行2024-T3铝合金标准中心裂纹拉伸试件4种典型环境下的裂纹扩展试验,以试验数据为基础,通过对一般环境下的裂纹扩展模型进行修正,建立腐蚀环境下的裂纹扩展模型.对试验结果的分析处理表明,该模型能够很好描述各种典型腐蚀环境下裂纹稳定扩展阶段的裂纹扩展速率,能够较准确估算裂纹扩展寿命,腐蚀修正系数清楚地反映腐蚀影响的程度.通过对单一介质环境腐蚀修正系数的加权组合,模型可以推广应用于复杂环境下裂纹扩展分析.该模型便于充分利用现有材料裂纹扩展性能的数据.     

01420铝锂合金的搅拌摩擦焊接

对2 mm厚的01420铝锂合金薄板实现了搅拌摩擦焊接(FSW),分析焊接接头的微观组织形态,研究焊接工艺参数对搅拌摩擦焊接接头成型和接头性能的影响,并与氩弧焊接接头性能相比较.结果表明,当工艺参数选取得当时,焊缝成型较好,表面光洁,焊接接头的强度可达到母材强度的77%,接头的弯曲角可达到180°,均高于氩弧焊接接头.     

固体颗粒冲蚀对钛合金ZrN涂层抗冲蚀性能的影响

采用真空电弧镀在TC11钛合金上沉积ZrN涂层,固体颗粒冲蚀实验研究不同冲蚀颗粒、冲蚀速度、冲蚀角度对涂层抗冲蚀性能的影响,并用SEM观察表面及断面形貌.结果表明,在相同冲蚀条件下,ZrN涂层冲蚀率随冲蚀颗粒硬度、冲击角度及冲蚀颗粒速度的增加而增加,冲蚀角度为90°时,ZrN涂层冲蚀速率最大,ZrN涂层提高了TC11钛合金的抗冲蚀性能.     

覆膜陶瓷粉末的选择性激光烧结工艺研究及参数优化

研究了选择性激光烧结成形制造过程中激光功率密度、扫描速度、预热温度和激光束扫描间距对烧结成形件致密度的影响,通过正交试验及方差分析,判定了各工艺参数的显著性及其重要性顺序,并给出覆膜陶瓷粉末烧结的最佳工艺参数。     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl–ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl–ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples pas-sivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those pas-sivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti:Ni=9.01:1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

Deformation Behavior of Mg-8 wt%Li Alloy under High-speed Impact

Deformation behavior of the Mg-8 wt%Li alloy at high strain rate was studied by means of the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (with strain rate of 103 s-1). It is found that shear localization proves to be the main damage mode for the alloy during dynamic loading. Strain and strain rate are the two necessary parameters affecting the occurrence of deformation and shear bands. Deformation bands begin to form when the strain and strain rate reach 0.20 and 1 900 s-1 respectively and will develop gradually with the strain rate increasing. Be-sides, deformation bands will transform into shear bands when the strain and strain rate reach above 0.25 and 3 500 s-1 separately.     

热变形对高铌TiAl合金微观组织的影响

通过对Ti-45Al-8.0Nb-0.2W-0.2B-0.1Y(原子百分数)合金的热压缩分析发现,其变形温度和变形速率对合金的真实应力-应变曲线以及变形后的组织有显著的影响。在低的变形温度和高的变形速率下,随应变量的增加合金呈现明显的软化现象,变形后存在大量的流线型组织,当变形温度达到1250℃、变形速率降到1×10^-3s^-1时,合金变形后的组织逐渐得到充分的再结晶,铸态组织得到明显的细化。     

夹杂对粉末高温合金裂纹扩展寿命的影响

采用有限元方法中的奇异单元,研究了当粉末高温合金FGH 95中存在由夹杂引起的裂纹时,夹杂对裂纹应力强度因子的影响;并在此基础上,利用Paris公式,计算了夹杂对裂纹扩展寿命的影响。研究结果表明:当夹杂处于裂纹的不同位置时,对应力强度因子的影响趋势也不同,且硬夹杂的影响趋势与软夹杂相反;存在软夹杂时,将夹杂当作初始裂纹,不考虑夹杂的影响得出的裂纹扩展寿命结果是安全的,而对于硬夹杂得出的结果偏于危险,对于FGH 95粉末高温合金,夹杂相对于基体材料其弹性模量偏小,为软夹杂,因此将夹杂当作初始裂纹计算裂纹扩展寿命时不考虑夹杂的影响,将得到偏于安全的裂纹扩展寿命计算结果。这一结论为简化粉末冶金涡轮盘的寿命分析提供了依据。      

中国航空发动机涡轮叶片用材料力学性能状况分析

简述了国内外航空发动机涡轮叶片用材料的发展,对中国航空发动机涡轮叶片用材料中的变形高温合金和铸造高温合金的拉伸、持久、疲劳性能进行了比较,分析了目前中国航空发动机涡轮叶片用材料性能数据十分缺乏的现状。