EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SWIRLING AND RECIRCULATING TWO-PHASE FLOW FIELD IN A COLD MODEL OF DUAL-INLET SUDDEN-EXPANSION COMBUSTOR

The axial and tangential velocities of gas and particle phases and particle concentration for turbulent swirling and recirculating gas-particle (simulating gas-droplet) flows in a cold model of a dual-inlet sudden-expansion combustor with partially tangential central tubes, proposed by the present authors, were measured by using a 2-D LDV system and a laser optic fiber system combined with a sampling probe. The results show that there are both gas and particle strongly reverse flows and swirling flows in the head part of the combustor. The velocity slip between gas and particle phases is remarkable. The particle concentration is higher near the wall and lower near the axis. There are two peaks in the concentration profiles near the inlet tubes. The above-obtained flow characteristics are favorable to ignition, flame stabilization and combustion. The results can also be used to validate the numerical modeling.     

堵塞条件下发动机高空试验推力差异分析

堵塞技术是降低发动机高空模拟试验成本和解决设备抽气能力不足的可行手段.在不同喷管排气环境压力条件下,某型带拉瓦尔喷管涡扇发动机完成了四组堵塞对推力影响的试验,发动机总推力试验值最大差异为6.2％.为揭示试验推力差异产生的原因,提高堵塞条件下发动机高空试验推力评估的准确性,开展了相关的理论分析和一维仿真计算,提出了主要影...     

Multi-wavelength coordinated observations of ionospheric irregularity structures from an anomaly crest location during unusual solar minimum of the 24th cycle

The present paper reports coordinated ionospheric irregularity measurements at optical as well as GPS wavelengths. Optical measurements were obtained from Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) sensors installed onboard the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites. GPS radio signals were obtained from a dual frequency GPS receiver operational at Calcutta (22.58°N, 88.38°E geographic; geomagnetic dip: 32.96°; 13.00°N, 161.63°E geomagnetic) under the SCIntillation Network Decision Aid (SCINDA) program. Calcutta is located near the northern crest of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) in the Indian longitude sector. The observations were conducted during the unusually low and prolonged solar minima period of 2008–2010. During this period, four cases of post-sunset GPS scintillation were observed from Calcutta. Among those cases, simultaneous fluctuations in GPS Carrier-to-Noise ratios (C/N_o) and measured radiances from TIP over a common ionospheric volume were observed only on February 2, 2008 and September 25, 2008. Fluctuations observed in measured radiances (maximum 0.95 Rayleigh) from TIP due to ionospheric irregularities were found to correspond well with C/N₀ fluctuations on the GPS links observed from Calcutta, such effects being noted even during late evening hours of 21:00–22:00 LT from locations around 40° magnetic dip. These measurements indicate the existence of electron density irregularities of scale sizes varying over several decades from 135.6 nm to 300–400 m well beyond the northern crest of the EIA in the Indian longitude sector during late evening hours even in the unusually low solar activity conditions.     

Effects of stability margin and thrust specific fuel consumption constrains on multi-disciplinary optimization for blended-wing-body design

Blended-Wing-Body(BWB) configuration, as an innovative transport concept, has become a worldwide research focus in the field of civil transports development. Relative to the conventional Tube-And-Wing(TAW) configuration, the BWB shows integrated benefits and serves as a most promising candidate for future ‘‘green aviation". The objective of the present work is to figure out the effects of the stability margin and Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption(TSFC) on the BWB design in the framework of Multi-Disciplinary Optimization(MDO). A physically-based platform was promoted to study the effect static stability margin and engine technology level. Low-order physically based models are applied to the evaluation of the weight and the aerodynamic performance. The modules and methods are illustrated in detail, and the validation of the methods shows feasibility and confidence for the conceptual design of BWB aircrafts. In order to find out the relation between planform changes and the selection of stability and engine technology level, two sets of optimizations are conducted separately. The study proves that these two factors have dominant effects towards the optimized BWB designs in both aerodynamic shapes, weight distribution, which needs to be considered during the MDO design process. A balance diagram analysis is applied to find out a reasonable static stability margin range. It can be concluded that a recommended stability margin of a practical BWB commercial aircraft can be half of that of a conventional TAW design.     

反向喷管堵盖释放时间及同步性测量

研究了固体火箭发动机推力终止试验时，反向喷管堵盖打开时间及同步性测量方法，在测量中配置了抗干扰能力强，时间分辨率为微秒级的数字记录系统和多功能模拟记录系统，解决了时间测量中产生和获取起始脉中肯主终止脉主号的关键技术，消除了引爆机的产生的冲击和气体电离的影响，该测量方法经过多次充气容器冷试和发动机地面静止试验的考核，证实了测出的数据准确可靠，克服了时间测量数据分散度大的缺点。     

NACA0012翼型跨音速测压实验研究

本文为NACA0012翼型在NH-1风洞进行跨音速二维测压实验的研究报告。文中将本风洞的实验结果与国外大风洞的相应实验结果及国内某些理论计算结果作了比较。比较表明曲线规律一致,数据符合较好,说明按现行实验方法得到的本风洞跨音速测压数据是可靠的。本文还对参考点M数、洞壁干扰修正及激波位置等问题作了简要的分析。     

差分流量调节推力矢量控制研究

为了了解差分流量调节实现推力矢量控制的特点,参考塞式喷管发动机XRS 2200的工作参数,对多单元直排型塞式喷管模型发动机进行了数值计算。介绍了差分流量调节的计算方法和内喷管与塞锥推力矢量变化的分析过程,计算产生的俯仰力矩。结果表明,差分流量调节时,塞式喷管轴向合力基本保持不变,不损失轴向推力性能;俯仰力矩包括轴向力和侧向力产生的两部分力矩,随差分流量调节增大而增加,有很好的偏转性能。结论可以为差分流量调节的实验研究提供参考。     

微喷管流场及其推力性能数值模拟

采用连续介质模型和分子运动模型系统地研究了二维微喷管内的流场及推力特性，重点考察了连续介质模型的适用性、微喷管工作条件和几何结构对流场结构和喷管性能的影响。研究结果表明，在努森数不大时，两种方法的结果基本符合。当努森数大于0．045时，连续介质模型与分子运动模型模拟结果差异较大。微喷管的推力和喉部雷诺数与喷管的入口压力、喉部宽度近似成线性变化；微喷管收缩角、扩张角给定时，其扩张段的长度仅影响推进性能，对流场结构影响较小。在喉部尺寸和扩张比一定时，扩张角为22度的微喷管推进性能最佳。     

水平推力作用下共面椭圆轨道的最优转移

本文研究在两次水平推力作用下共面椭圆轨道的转移问题,给出了冲量大小和作用点位置的计算公式,文中还讨论了圆到圆、椭圆到圆这两种特殊情况的轨道转移,并给出了数值例子。     

一种GPS快速定位技术研究

用LAMBDA方法确定GPS载波相位测量的整周模糊度,需要较高精度的浮点解。但用短时间GPS观测值构建的法方程容易出现病态,以致法方程的解很不稳定。本文使用谱修正迭代法,消除法方程病态,进而用LAMBDA方法确定整周模糊度。我们的实验结果表明,对于1min左右的单频GPS载波相位测量,利用本文方法即可正确地解算出它的整周模糊度,从而实现厘米级定位。