包带低冲击装置冲击试验及数据分析

文章主要阐述了包带低冲击装置冲击试验的过程及采用的试验技术,并对试验数据进行了处理和分析。通过大量的试验数据,对响应量级与测量点的位置分布、响应与包带预紧力的关系、冲击响应与装药量的关系、冲击响应与起爆器的关系、冲击响应的频率分布关系以及安装方式对试验结果产生的影响作了充分的分析。结果可为研究低冲击装置提供有价值的参考。     

Shock protection of penetrator-based instrumentation via a sublimation approach

It is often necessary for space-borne instrumentation to cope with substantial levels of shock acceleration both in the initial launch phase, as well as during entry, descent and landing in the case of planetary exploration. Current plans for a new generation of penetrator-based space missions will subject the associated on-board instrumentation to far greater levels of shock, and ways must therefore be found to either ruggedize or else protect any sensitive components during the impact phase. In this paper, we present an innovative method of shock protection that is suited for use in a number of planetary environments, based upon the temporary encapsulation of said components within a waxy solid which may then be sublimated to return the instrument back to its normal operation. We have tested this method experimentally using micromachined silicon suspensions under applied shock loads of up to 15,000g, and found that these were able to survive without incurring damage. Furthermore, quality factor measurements undertaken on these suspensions indicate that their mechanical performance remains unaffected by the encapsulation and subsequent sublimation process.     

气体自发光在高超声速流场显示中的应用

提出了利用高焓气体自发光作为高超声速流场显示的方法,介绍了在使用高焓运行的激波风洞中,对二维模型的高超声速绕流流场使用此种方法的初步结果,可观察到二维棱形柱的尾流和马赫波的相交。结果表明此种方法不需外加光源,对于结构限制无法设置透明部件的模型,无疑是简单可行的。     

测定电离复合速率常数的激波管方法

发展了测定电离复合速率常数的一种新的激波管方法。在这一方法中使用反射激波加热预混气体使之电离,相继用可控制的强稀疏波使之快速冷却,冷却速度很快,可达106K/s, 使之在冷却过程中,电离远离平衡态。用压电传感器和Langmuir 探针监测状态变化历程和离子浓度,并可获得过程中所有的状态参数。测定了NO e 电离复合速率常数。实验表明这一方法简易可靠     

基于剪裁技术考虑的某冲击试验分析

利用环境工程剪裁技术对某冲击试验的结果进行分析,结果表明,按照引用标准评定为"超差"的试验,当考虑到试验件结构的特性并进行必要的数据转换后,试验结果是有效。首先分析造成超差的原因为天线组件的剩余响应,然后通过频域数字滤波进行数据转换。     

三维四向编织复合材料的叠层板理论分析

基于经典层合板理论和叠层板模型，建立了一种分析三维四向编织复合材料力学性能的方法。在叠层板模型中，代表性体积单元的厚度为编织复合材料的整体厚度，宽度为一个编织花节宽度，长度为一个编织花节长度，并简化为具有不同材料主方向的单向层板的叠合结构。不同层板间的交叉重叠按各层板性能的体积平均进行简化，同时假设代表性体积单元具有均匀的中面应变和曲率。此外，模型中考虑了编织纱线的排列方式以及表面纱线的影响。理论分析结果与实验值吻合较好。     

高超音速湍流分离激波结构不稳定性的实验研究

用铂膜电阻温度计测量了前向台阶诱导激波与湍流边界层相互作用流场中的表面热流率脉动。试验条件是:自由流马赫数为7.8,单位长度雷诺数为3.5×10~7米~(-1)。给出相互作用区平均热流率和脉动热流率分布。结果表明:在激波诱导的高超音速湍流分离流中,激波结构是不稳定的,产生一个间歇区域。在间歇区中,表面平均热流率由未扰动湍流边界层的热流信号和低频高幅热流脉动迭加而成,出现一个极大值。相互作用愈强,愈大,间歇区域愈长。     

在激波管中粒子阻力系数的实验研究

在激波管中用消光法测量了气固两相流动激波松弛区的粒子浓度。基于一维静止激波理论和理想“等效气体”模型,实验确定了粒子阻力系数。拟合实验结果,得到了阻力系数与粒子雷诺数之间的实验关系式:C_D=4300/Re~(1.57)。     

考虑粘性相互作用的跨音速机翼分析

本文将一些已有的三维全位势方程计算方法和一种三维积分边界层方法作了弱相互作用的耦合计算。计算了三种机翼并与已有的试验数据作了比较。     

Global Response of Martian Plasma Environment to an Interplanetary Structure: From Ena and Plasma Observations at Mars

As a part of the global plasma environment study of Mars and its response to the solar wind, we have analyzed a peculiar case of the subsolar energetic neutral atom (ENA) jet observed on June 7, 2004 by the Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) on board the Mars Express satellite. The “subsolar ENA jet” is generated by the interaction between the solar wind and the Martian exosphere, and is one of the most intense sources of ENA flux observed in the vicinity of Mars. On June 7, 2004 (orbit 485 of Mars Express), the NPD observed a very intense subsolar ENA jet, which then abruptly decreased within ∼10 sec followed by quasi-periodic (∼1 min) flux variations. Simultaneously, the plasma sensors detected a solar wind structure, which was most likely an interplanetary shock surface. The abrupt decrease of the ENA flux and the quasi-periodic flux variations can be understood in the framework of the global response of the Martian plasma obstacle to the interplanetary shock. The generation region of the subsolar ENA jet was pushed towards the planet by the interplanetary shock; and therefore, Mars Express went out of the ENA jet region. Associated global vibrations of the Martian plasma obstacle may have been the cause of the quasi-periodic flux variations of the ENA flux at the spacecraft location.