带脉冲式涡流发生器的低压透平叶片流动控制数值模拟

 基于Langtry-Menter转捩模型的SST两方程模型,通过数值求解三维非定常雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程,详细研究了脉冲式射流涡流发生器(pulsed VGJs)对Pak-B低压透平叶片吸力面流动分离的影响,揭示了pulsed VGJs流动控制机理以及脉冲频率和占空系数在流动分离控制过程中的内在关联。数值计算结果表明,pulsed VGJs的引入能够有效抑制甚至消除低雷诺数条件下叶片吸力面上的流动分离,减小总压损失和尾迹宽度。在pulsed VGJs流动控制中,存在最佳射流参数(脉冲频率f和占空系数DC)以获得最大程度的流动控制效果。当f=10 Hz,DC=0.5时,pulsed VGJs流动控制效果最佳,相对于无pulsed VGJs控制时总压损失减少了58%。     

7一种双S形进气道流场特性殛控制的试验研究

In order to provide the line of-sight blockage of the engine face for an advanced Uninhabited Combat Air Vehicle(UCAV), a highly curved serpentine inlet is proposed and experimentally studied. Based on the static pressure distribut ion measurement along the wall, the flow separation is found at the top wall of the second S duct for the baseline inlet design, which yields a high flow distortion at the exit plane. To improve the flow uniformity, a single array of vortex generators (VGs) is employed within the inlet. In this experimental study, the effects of mass flow ratio, free stream Mach number, angle of attack and yaw on the performance of a serpentine inlet instrumented with VGs are obtained. Results indicate: (1) Compared with the baseline serpentine design without flow control the application of the VGs promotes the mixing of core flow and the low momentum flow in the boundary layer and thus prevents the flow separation. Under the design condition, the exit flow distortion (

) decreases from 11. 7% to 2.3% by using the VGs. (2) With the descent of the free stream Mach number the total pressure loss decreases. How ever, the circular total pressure distortion increases. When the angle of attack rises from - 4° to 8°, the total pressure recovery and the circular total pressure distortion both go down. In addition, with the increase of yaw the total pressure recovery is fairly constant, while the circular total pressure distortion ascends gradually. (3) When Ma₀=0.6-0.8, α= −4°-8° and β= 0°-6°, the total pressure recovery varies between 0.936 and 0.961, the circular total pressure distortion coefficient varies between 1.4% and 5.4% and the synthesis distortion coefficient has a ranges from 3.8% to 7.0%. The experimental results confirm the excellent performance of the newly designed serpentine inlet incorporating VGs.     

一种特殊梯度分布的功能梯度矩形板弯曲问题解析解

研究了一种特殊梯度分布功能梯度材料矩形板弯曲问题。假设材料的弹性模量在板厚度方向上呈幂函数分布,泊松比为常数,引入PLEVAKO解,利用分离变量法,导出四边简支功能梯度材料矩形板弯曲问题的解析解。通过算例分析了材料组分变化时,功能梯度板应力和位移的变化规律。结果显示不同梯度分布板结构中的应力、位移的变化规律是不同的,有时甚至差别很大。该方法为发展针对功能梯度材料特点的数值算法和简化理论提供依据。     

前体涡非对称分离机理及前缘吹气控制研究

通过设计对称性算法,求解层流Navier-Stokes方程,数值模拟了细长体在低超声速情况下前体背风涡随攻角演化的规律,在此基础上,进一步研究了前缘吹气对前体涡演化和侧向力特性的控制机理.根据数值模拟结果及分析,倾向于支持在层流框架内,前体涡的非对称失稳是一种对流不稳定机制,要想根据需要产生对称或不对称的前体涡,就必须外加持续的扰动.在约16°～48°攻角区间内,前缘吹气可产生规律性较好的侧向力,有可能直接利用前体涡进行横侧向控制.为工程实用化,需提高前缘吹气的激励收益效费比.     

弯曲激波压缩型面的设计及数值分析

分别采用等压缩角和递增压缩角的小折线构成压缩型面。研究了二维均匀超声来流流过压缩面时的波后超声流场,结果表明,该方法能够形成弯曲激波且波后气流沿流向的壁面静压近似为等压力梯度,其等压力梯度程度取决于各小折线压缩角的配置。采用该方法生成的曲面压缩型面进气道附面层稳定性好,优于常规的平面压缩进气道。与二维常规平面压缩进气道相比,设计工况下,性能相当;非设计工况下,性能优于二维常规平面压缩进气道。     

三维四向编织复合材料的叠层板理论分析

基于经典层合板理论和叠层板模型，建立了一种分析三维四向编织复合材料力学性能的方法。在叠层板模型中，代表性体积单元的厚度为编织复合材料的整体厚度，宽度为一个编织花节宽度，长度为一个编织花节长度，并简化为具有不同材料主方向的单向层板的叠合结构。不同层板间的交叉重叠按各层板性能的体积平均进行简化，同时假设代表性体积单元具有均匀的中面应变和曲率。此外，模型中考虑了编织纱线的排列方式以及表面纱线的影响。理论分析结果与实验值吻合较好。     

亚声速飞机外挂物气动载荷和分离轨迹工程估算方法

本文简要介绍了一种计算亚声速飞机外挂物气动载荷和分离轨迹的工程方法。本方法分别采用源汇模型和涡格模型模拟母机的体积效应和法向力效应,采用迭代方法计及母机-外挂物之间的二阶干扰。在气动中心高速所研制的战术导弹气动特性工程计算方法的基础上,以迎角沿弹身轴线和翼片变化的流动条件代替该方法中的均匀来流条件,而建立了非均匀流场中外挂物气动载荷的计算方法。最后采用四阶的 Adams 数值积分方法求解六自由度运动方程而得到外挂物的分离轨迹。与国内外其它计算方法相比,本方法具有适用范围广、迅速、方便、实用等特点。本方法对一系列算例进行了计算,其结果与风洞实验数据具有令人满意的一致性。     

Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

子母弹分离过程的数值模拟方法

以分区拼接网格数值模拟方法为基础，通过气动方程和弹道方程联立求解数值模拟了子弹从母弹中分离并穿越母弹激波的过程，研究了子母弹干扰流场的气动特性，分析研究了子弹各初始分离状态（如初始抛撒速度、初始姿态角、初始姿态角速度等）对分离过程的影响。     

大涵道比风扇/增压级进气畸变数值模拟研究

为探究进口总压畸变下大涵道比风扇/增压级内部流场的主要特征,基于三维彻体力模型的思想,开发了一套能够实现风扇/增压级内外涵联算功能的三维数值计算程序。利用该程序模拟了某大涵道比风扇/增压级在周向总压畸变进气下的三维流场。计算结果表明：大涵道比风扇单转子不同叶高处的畸变传递特征差异较大,转子出口总压畸变强度由叶根到叶尖逐渐降低,在叶尖处衰减为最小值1.5%;在转子出口相应诱导出的总温畸变强度由叶根到叶尖逐渐升高,在叶尖处达到最大值1.4%;进口周向总压畸变导致风扇转子总压比下降0.5%,而风扇转子出口形成的总压总温复合畸变导致增压级总压比下降2%;总压畸变在增压级中呈逐级衰减趋势,而高温畸变区的周向范围在逐级增加。