缺陷对高温合金蜂窝板弯曲力学性能的影响

采用预埋缺陷的方法,制备含有面芯脱焊缺陷的高温合金蜂窝板,进行了三点弯曲试验,研究了缺陷形状、大小、位置和蜂窝芯取向对蜂窝板三点弯曲损伤模式和承载能力的影响.研究发现,含面芯脱焊缺陷的蜂窝板在缺陷受压部位产生反向鼓包,并沿着宽度方向扩展为完全破坏;随着缺陷尺寸的增大,蜂窝板承载能力逐渐降低;当缺陷位于三点弯曲受拉面时,蜂窝板具有更高的三点弯曲极限载荷,且矩形缺陷试样的弯曲极限载荷要高于相同缺陷面积的圆形试样.最后,利用LS-DYNA对含圆形缺陷高温合金蜂窝板的三点弯曲性能进行了数值模拟分析,得到其三点弯曲过程中的应力分布状态.     

用于结构件的三维编织复合材料

三维编织复合材料是由三维编织物(预制件)增强的一种先进复合材料。它具有优良的层间性能和其它的性能,使复合材料制作主承力结构件和高功能制件成为可能。文章主要讨论了三维编织技术和三维编织复合材料的特点、主要研究的内容以及它们的应用等,并对三维编织技术和复合材料的发展做了展望。     

未知空间目标纹理缺失表面三维重建算法

针对传统三维重建方法难以对纹理缺失表面进行完整重建的问题,提出一种基于深度学习与截断符号距离函数(TSDF)融合的未知目标三维表面完整重建算法。首先设计一种基于深度学习的图像逐像素深度估计框架,通过在训练过程中引入多个复杂结构模型,提高该深度估计框架的泛化能力;其次,利用TSDF对各帧图像所估计的深度信息进行融合,实现对纹理缺失区域的空间目标完整三维重建。根据仿真校验,对于300 mm尺寸的卫星模型图像,像素深度估计平均误差约为13 mm,通过TSDF融合后尺寸精度误差小于5.10%。实验结果表明该算法可以对未知空间目标光学图像进行逐像素深度估计,并获得目标完整的三维结构与纹理信息,有效解决无纹理区域的重建结构缺失问题。     

Dynamics of a spacecraft and normalization around Lagrangian points in the Neptune–Triton system

The problem of a spacecraft orbiting the Neptune–Triton system is presented. The new ingredients in this restricted three body problem are the Neptune oblateness and the high inclined and retrograde motion of Triton. First we present some interesting simulations showing the role played by the oblateness on a Neptune’s satellite, disturbed by Triton. We also give an extensive numerical exploration in the case when the spacecraft orbits Triton, considering Sun, Neptune and its planetary oblateness as disturbers. In the plane a × I (a = semi-major axis, I = inclination), we give a plot of the stable regions where the massless body can survive for thousand of years. Retrograde and direct orbits were considered and as usual, the region of stability is much more significant for the case of direct orbit of the spacecraft (Triton’s orbit is retrograde). Next we explore the dynamics in a vicinity of the Lagrangian points. The Birkhoff normalization is constructed around L₂, followed by its reduction to the center manifold. In this reduced dynamics, a convenient Poincaré section shows the interplay of the Lyapunov and halo periodic orbits, Lissajous and quasi-halo tori as well as the stable and unstable manifolds of the planar Lyapunov orbit. To show the effect of the oblateness, the planar Lyapunov family emanating from the Lagrangian points and three-dimensional halo orbits are obtained by the numerical continuation method.     

导引头量测故障下的增量式三维制导律设计

考虑导引头量测故障下拦截机动目标的末制导问题,以提高制导系统的鲁棒性、降低制导增益、减小系统残差、避免视线角速率剧烈振荡/发散为目的,基于增量式控制方法设计了一种具有鲁棒增强特性的三维末制导律。首先,将末制导问题转化为零化视线角速率的控制问题。其次,通过弹目相对距离及视线角速率定义辅助变量,给出传统的滑模制导律作为设计参考。然后,基于增量式非线性动态逆滑模控制方法,充分挖掘视线角加速度估计信息及上一采样时刻的制导指令,得到增量式三维鲁棒制导律。最后,在目标机动及导引头量测故障下,分析并比较了两种制导律所产生的系统残差。理论分析及多工况仿真结果表明,增量式制导律不仅对目标机动及大范围失效的导引头量测故障具有强鲁棒性,而且所需制导增益也较小,同时避免了末端视线角速率严重发散的问题     

遗传算法在机翼气动优化设计中的应用

把最优化方法与机翼的气动力求解相结合,进行跨音速机翼的气动优化设计。采用最优化方法为遗传算法,机翼的气动力由三维欧拉方程的数值解来提供。与基准机翼相比较,优化设计的机翼其气动性能有较大幅度的提高,表明遗传算法在机翼优化设计中的可行性和有效性     

涡轮叶栅端壁区流动的实验研究

本文在大尺寸低速开式叶栅传热风洞中对一种高压涡轮导向叶栅中的流场进行了实验研究。采用五孔针对5个雷诺数下的叶栅端壁区三维流场进行了测量,并用线簇和小球浮动法对5个工况的流动进行了流场显示。实验结果表明:马蹄涡压力面分支在向吸力面运动的过程中,破坏了来流附面层的结构,在马蹄涡压力面分支之后,叶栅通道中产生了一个新的从压力面到吸力面的新附面层,新附面层的厚度小于来流附面层厚度;三维流动区约占叶栅通道的40%;雷诺数的增大将增强端壁区的三维流动。从流场显示图片可以观测叶片吸力面靠近端壁的角涡形成与发展,以及吸力面上的三角形区域;流场显示的通道涡大小与流场测量结果吻合。本文的实验结果有助于分析端壁表面和叶片表面换热特性的形成机理。      

“风云一号” B 卫星姿态控制系统

“风云一号”气象卫星姿态控制系统采用了三轴稳定对地定向的主动控制方案。已发射了两颗（Ａ、Ｂ）卫星,其中Ｂ星是在Ａ星主控系统的基础上,增加了一个完整的备份系统,采取一系列冗余措施并设计全方位姿态重新捕获的故障对策。经飞行试验及在轨故障应急处理证明,系统设计是完善和成功的,其中反作用飞轮控制、偏置动量控制、磁章动进动和飞轮卸载控制、全方位姿态重新捕获方案在中国是首次采用,均取得了较好的飞行效果,为长寿命卫星姿态控制系统的设计积累了宝贵经验。     

Alternative transfer to the Earth–Moon Lagrangian points L4 and L5 using lunar gravity assist

Lagrangian points L4 and L5 lie at 60° ahead of and behind the Moon in its orbit with respect to the Earth. Each one of them is a third point of an equilateral triangle with the base of the line defined by those two bodies. These Lagrangian points are stable for the Earth–Moon mass ratio. As so, these Lagrangian points represent remarkable positions to host astronomical observatories or space stations. However, this same distance characteristic may be a challenge for periodic servicing mission. This paper studies elliptic trajectories from an Earth circular parking orbit to reach the Moon’s sphere of influence and apply a swing-by maneuver in order to re-direct the path of a spacecraft to a vicinity of the Lagrangian points L4 and L5. Once the geocentric transfer orbit and the initial impulsive thrust have been determined, the goal is to establish the angle at which the geocentric trajectory crosses the lunar sphere of influence in such a way that when the spacecraft leaves the Moon’s gravitational field, its trajectory and velocity with respect to the Earth change in order to the spacecraft arrives at L4 and L5. In this work, the planar Circular Restricted Three Body Problem approximation is used and in order to avoid solving a two boundary problem, the patched-conic approximation is considered.     

MWCNT/ E 复合材料的制备及性能

利用三辊研磨分散技术制备了MWCNT/ E 复合材料。通过调节三辊研磨机入料辊和中辊的间
距,使MWCNT 在环氧树脂中均匀分散。所制备的MWCNT/ E 复合材料与纯环氧树脂相比,拉伸强度提高了
22%,弯曲强度提高了15%,导电性和导热性都得到明显改善。