硅橡胶基防热涂层动态烧蚀行为及机理研究

针对两种典型硅橡胶基防热涂层开展高温燃气流烧蚀实验，通过对烧蚀后涂层的宏观及微观形貌分析，探讨了其防隔热机理及烧蚀模型。研究结果表明：烧蚀后两种涂层均存在液态层、陶瓷层、热解层以及原始层；烧蚀过程中甲基苯基硅橡胶涂层主要发生主链“回咬”成环反应，导致树脂基体交联密度降低，力学性能下降，涂层外表面发生开裂，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶涂层则主要发生侧基交联反应，使树脂基体交联密度上升，促进涂层发生陶瓷化转变；热辐射、热容吸热、热解反应吸热以及热阻塞效应为四种主要的热耗散机制，质量损失产生的原因主要包括反应气体释放以及气动剪切力导致的机械剥蚀。     

An adaptive integration surface for predicting transonic rotor noise in hovering and forward flights

In this paper, a new permeable adaptive integration surface is developed in order to evaluate transonic rotor noise in accordance with FW-H_pds equations(Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equations with penetrable data surface). Firstly, a nonlinear near-field solution is computed on the basis of Navier-Stokes equations, which is developed on moving-embedded grid methodology.The solution calculated through the present CFD method is used as the input for acoustic calculations by FW-H_pds equations. Then, two criteria for constructing integration surfaces are established based on the analysis of the quadrupole source strength and the nonlinear characteristic.A new surface is determined adaptively by the pressure gradient or density in a given flowfield,eschewing the uncertainties associated with determining cylinder-shaped integration surfaces. For varying hover cases, transonic noises are simulated with new integration surfaces for a UH-1 model rotor. Furthermore, numerical results of the new integration surface derived from the density perturbation value conform better to experimental data than results derived from the pressure gradient.Finally, the integration surface given by jrqj being 0.1, which is an applicable criterion obtained from hover cases, is used to predict transonic rotor noise in forward flight. The computational accuracy of the new integration surface method has been validated in predicting transonic rotor noise of an AH-1 model rotor at different advance ratios.     

Nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of the folding fin with freeplay under thermal environment

The nonlinear aeroelastic behavior of a folding fin in supersonic flow is investigated in this paper. The finite element model of the fin is established and the deployable hinges are represented by three torsion springs with the freeplay nonlinearity. The aerodynamic grid point is assumed to be at the center of each aerodynamic box for simplicity. The aerodynamic governing equation is given by using the infinite plate spline method and the modified linear piston theory. An improved fixed-interface modal synthesis method, which can reduce the rigid connections at the interface, is developed to save the problem size and computation time. The uniform temperature field is applied to create the thermal environment. For the linear flutter analyses, the flutter speed increases first and then decreases with the rise of the hinge stiffness due to the change of the flutter coupling mechanism. For the nonlinear analyses, a larger freeplay angle results in a higher vibration divergent speed. Two different types of limit cycle oscillations and a multiperiodic motion are observed in the wide range of airspeed under the linear flutter boundary. The linear flutter speed shows a slight descend in the thermal environment, but the effect of the temperature on the vibration divergent speed is different under different hinge stiffnesses when there exists freeplay.     

航空电气电弧、短路危害及保护研究

航空电气电弧、短路可能会导致难以挽回的损失,研究航空电气电弧、短路的危害及其保护措施具有 重要意义。通过试验室搭建民用飞机典型的115V/400Hz三相交流电气线路,选取金属导体作为多余物,采 用试验法对飞机电气电弧、短路故障现象进行研究,验证和分析传统热断路器的工作特性,确认电气电弧、短路 故障对电气线路和设备产生的危害程度;同时,分析三种更好的电气电弧、短路保护方法。结果表明:传统热断 路器仅对短路故障具有保护作用,对电气电弧不能产生保护作用;三种新的保护方法电弧检测和保护时间过 长,电弧已对导线和设备产品造成不可恢复的损坏。     

《机械制图》作业分项评分的相关性系列水平测定

《机械制图》作业水平测定的目的是综合检测学生的学习成绩，本文的《机械制图》作业分项评分，为综合测定相关性系列水平，提供了可靠的方法。     

SiC/Al复合丝的耐蚀性和高温稳定性研究

本研究结果表明,SiC/L_6和SiC/LF_6复合丝在真空中加热至600℃和在空气中400℃暴露144小时,以及在蒸馏水和5%NaCl水溶液中浸泡15天后,其强度保留率大于87%,证明SiC/Al复合丝具有良好的耐蚀性和高温稳定性,用气相层析仪和发射光谱分析了腐蚀气体、溶液和白色沉淀,初步确定其反应机理是电化学腐蚀。与C/Al复合丝相比,SiC/Al腐蚀速度缓慢,纤维—基体界面损伤极小。     

HDI三聚体和偶联剂对纸质文物加固保护的研究

用传统的高分子树脂对纸质文物进行加固保护取得了一定的效果，但由于高分子树脂的渗透、润湿性能较差，容易增加纸张光泽；会产生内应力加速纸张老化等问题。针对这个问题，本文研究了一种纸质文物加固保护的新方法，采用低分子预聚物HDI三聚体对纸张聚氨酯化，并用偶联剂KH-550协同处理。通过正交试验分析了处理工艺中各种因素对纸张拉伸干强度的影响；并通过对拉伸湿强度、光泽度的测试和酸碱加速老化、干热加速老化等试验验证了HDI三聚体和KH-550对纸质文物的加固保护作用，并用DSC和扫描电镜进行了分析。试验表明，这种处理方法在保护纸张原有质感的同时提高了纸张强度，降低了纸纤维的吸湿性，有效地减缓了纸张的老化降解。     

结构动态试验测量通道的系统校准

在结构动力学试验中，测量通道的校准质量直接影响测量数据的精度。要得到一个通道从头至尾的传递函数．既可以避免累积误差同时又具有信号补偿能力．最好的方法是采用系统校准。本文详细地介绍了测量通道的现场系统校准技术。     

风洞实验应变天平元件优化设计

应用最优化理论对风洞实验应变天平元件结构尺寸优化设计的基本思想作了论述,提出了天平元件多变量优化设计新方法。该设计方法能够保证天平元件的灵敏度与刚度的匹配取得理想值,同时,克服了传统设计方法计算量大的缺点。对于初次从事天平元件设计的人员来说,只要对天平的工作原理和元件变形形式有所掌握,运用该设计方法即可用较快的速度获得最佳结构尺寸。一个实用的天平元件优化设计算法及实例对人们将有所带助。     

航天器太阳电池阵热真空试验技术

文章叙述了进行太阳电池阵热真空试验的重要性、一般要求及相关的主要试验技术.