Ballooning perturbations in the inner magnetosphere of the Earth: Spectrum,stability and eigenmode analysis

We investigate the generation of ballooning perturbations in the inner magnetosphere of the Earth in the dipole model of the geomagnetic field taking into account ionospheric boundary conditions. The ionosphere is considered as a thin layer with finite conductivity. The eigenmode spectrum is discrete and consists of Alfvén, slow magnetosonic, flute and incompressible modes. Their interaction depends on ionospheric conductivity. The decay rate is small in noon and night sectors and large in dawn and dusk sectors. The lowest stability threshold α/γ ≈ 4.25 is determined by flute modes.     

基于波动耦合的复杂结构动力响应分析与研究

有限元法(FEM)适合低频分析,统计能量分析(SEA)方法适合高频分析,而一类较宽频带(中频段)的声振响应问题不适合单独用FEM或SEA方法解决。基于波动耦合的混合FE-SEA方法兼顾了FEM与SEA方法的优点,可预测中频段含一定不确定性的声振系统的稳态响应。本文阐释了混合FE-SEA方法的理论,分别通过典型结构的蒙特卡罗仿真与复杂系统的噪声试验两案例对该方法进行了验证,其中梁-板典型结构能量响应计算值与蒙特卡罗仿真值具有较好的一致性;复杂飞行器系统的振动响应与试验结果较为吻合,舱内噪声声压级(SPL)误差小于3dB,证明了混合FESEA方法的有效性,解决了FEM与SEA方法在中频复杂声振响应中的局限性这一问题。     

未知互耦条件下混合信号波达方向估计

阵列天线互耦对导向矢量的扰动以及信号相干性对数据协方差矩阵造成的秩损,使得基于子空间正交性原理的超分辨波达方向估计(Direction-of-Arrival,DOA)算法性能恶化,甚至失效。针对这一问题,提出一种在相干与非相干信号混合状态下无需阵列互耦补偿的特征矢量平滑DOA估计算法。该算法对部分阵元接收数据的协方差矩阵特征分解,将得到的特征矢量平滑处理后构造等效协方差矩阵,抑制阵列互耦影响的同时完成混合信号DOA估计。在阵列互耦和信号相干性均未知的条件下,正确估计了信号DOA,无需互耦参数估计或补偿。计算机仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on the lateral-directional departure prediction and restraint

The experimental data obtained from yaw-roll coupled wind tunnel tests are used for lateral-directional departure prediction, by linearizing the_b model to extract nominal dynamic derivatives at each coupling ratio.The prediction results are compared with those of the existing engineering methods which are based on the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.The comparison shows that the yaw-roll coupling ratio has a great influence on the departure susceptibility.The departure resistance will loss in partial region of the coupling ratio when the angle of attack is higher than a critical value.According to the stable and unstable regions of coupling ratio, a two-segment stability augmentation system with two different feedback gain matrices is obtained by pole-placement method.The two-segment stability augmentation system is used in the simulations of straight and level flight, steady turn, spin recovery and Herbst maneuver.The simulation results are also compared with the applications of a fixed-gain stability augmentation system designed by the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.When the yaw-roll coupling effects are fully considered, the two-segment stability augmentation system is more effective for departure restraint and can provide a better flying quality with less control energy.     

基于压电纤维复合材料的航天器动力学建模与振动抑制

压电纤维复合材料(MFC)在柔性航天器的振动主动抑制中具有很好的应用前景。利用哈密顿原理和压电驱动的载荷比拟方法,建立了带MFC压电驱动的离散形式的刚柔耦合动力学方程,采用线性二次型最优控制(LQR)算法进行主动控制。结果表明：在航天器的柔性体受到脉冲载荷激励条件下,使用MFC驱动器可以实现航天器挠性振动的快速抑制,并且同时保持中心刚体姿态的稳定性,即能够实现挠性振动与姿态运动的协同控制。基于MFC的主动控制方法对于高频响应也具有较好的控制效果。对于柔性占优的航天器,采用MFC的主动控制优于被动控制。本文方法在处理具有复杂柔性体的航天器时更具优势,更适合于工程应用。     

SiC/CVD SiC复合涂层的抗氧化及抗热震性能研究

为了提高C/SiC复合材料耐高温性能,采用泥浆浸渍裂解与真空化学气相沉积(CVD)在材料表面制备了SiC/CVD SiC复合涂层,通过XRD、SEM分析了涂层组成与结构;研究了复合涂层的高温抗氧化(700～1 500℃)和抗热震性能。结果表明,泥浆浸渍法制备的SiC涂层具有一定的封孔效果,可使材料开孔率下降,但高温抗氧化效果并不佳,1 200℃氧化10 min后材料弯曲强度保留率下降明显仅有86%。CVD SiC涂层结构致密,与SiC封孔涂层结合较好,在700～1 500℃具有较好的抗氧化效果,随着氧化温度的升高,氧化后涂层完好,表面O元素逐渐增加,材料失重率缓慢增加但不大于0.5%,且材料性能并未下降。涂层材料在1 200℃-10 min短时热震5次后材料弯曲强度保留率仍有95%以上,且未出现开裂、剥落等热震损伤。在1 200℃-30 min长时热震10次后,涂层材料基本被完全氧化,材料失去保护作用,弯曲强度下降至90%左右。     

电动式磁悬浮动量球电磁场耦合分析

本文针对电动式磁悬浮动量球(Electrodynamic suspension reaction sphere, EDSRS)的电磁场耦合进行分析，采用定子绕组的感应电动势评判耦合强度，提出了耦合强度评判指标，作为EDSRS的结构设计约束，以降低电磁场耦合的影响。首先，结合EDSRS的具体结构特点，对多定子之间的电磁场耦合问题进行分析，采用定子电磁场在另一个定子绕组中产生的感应电动势评判耦合强度。然后，对感应电动势产生规律进行分析，提出了耦合强度评判指标，并基于所提评判指标，建立了耦合约束验证流程，作为EDSRS的结构设计约束，最后，通过有限元仿真和实验验证了上述电磁场耦合分析。     

基于动态补偿的多电机控制算法

多电机协调控制达到转速一致是电机控制中的一个关键难题，外加负载变动和电机参数变化时会引起电机性能的下降，达不到良好的控制效果。为使电机间保持转速同步，建立了永磁同步电机d-q坐标系下的矢量控制数学模型，基于转速跟随控制，提出一种基于单神经元PID的变增益速度补偿器进行偏差耦合控制。在MATLAB/Simulink建立了3台永磁同步电机的仿真模型。仿真结果表明，与传统PID固定增益速度补偿器算法相比，单神经元PID的变增益速度补偿器具有更强的鲁棒性以及更快的收敛性。     

A novel architecture of electro-hydrostatic actuator with digital distribution

To address the flow imbalance rapidly of the asymmetric Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA), this paper presents a novel architecture of asymmetric EHA with the Digital Distribution (EHA-DD). It also improves the flow nonlinearity and control accuracy of the pump, especially in the low-speed condition. The digital distribution with two High-Speed on–off Valves (HSVs) not only balances flow instead of the check valves, but also replaces the pump at the low-speed to control output flow by adjusting the PWM signal. The pump and HSVs are the crucial components to control flow output. Firstly, the flow calculation models of the pump and the duty ratio inversed model of the HSV are obtained through experimental tests and the identification method. To get the control input signal for the required flow, the pump speed and PWM duty ratio for the HSVs are inversed to compensate for flow output. Further, a multimode digital flow distribution control method based on pump speed, mainly including the pump-controlled mode for large flow demand and valve-controlled mode for little flow demand, is proposed to control the accurate flow output actively. The step extension experiments based on the flow calculation models are conducted on the EHA-DD prototype under elastic, opposite varying load. The results demonstrate that the EHA-DD realizes little position error by accurate flow control, and it is also beneficial to improve the service life of the pump.     

Spacecraft formation flying control around L2 sun-earth libration point using on–off SDRE approach

In this paper, on–off SDRE control approach is presented for spacecraft formation flying control around sun-earth L2 libration point. Orbits around libration points are significant targets for many space missions mainly because of efficient fuel consumption. Furthermore, less propellant usage can be achieved by considering optimal control approaches in spacecraft formation flying control design. Among various nonlinear and optimal control methods, SDRE has shown to be a popular controller in various missions due to the privileges including efficiency, accuracy and robustness. The spacecraft are assumed to have on–off thrusters as actuators. It requires them to be fed with a sequence of on–off pulses which is regarded as a challenge for spacecraft designers. Hence, the main contribution of this paper is designing an on–off SDRE approach for the formation flight around sun-earth L2 point with uncertainty with energy and accuracy considerations. Including on–off input as a constraint is not feasible for SDRE implementation because it makes the system non-affine. An alternative is utilizing an integral action technique and an auxiliary control to make the system affine which leads to on–off SDRE approach. It has also been shown that the proposed method is robust against parametric uncertainties of the states. Present study aims to design an energy-beneficial, simple and attractive controller for a complex nonlinear system with on–off inputs and uncertainty in CRTBP. Simulation results show that the on–off SDRE control could provide the formation flight around L2 point with high accuracy using less energy consumption.