非平衡电弧加热射流光谱学诊断方法：第二部分：氩,氮混合射流

本文是非平衡电弧加热射流光谱学诊断方法实验研究工作的第二部分，给出了氩、氮混合射流的结果，证明亚声速射流中确有非平衡囊兜现象存在。     

H6飞机最大起飞质量数学模型的研究

正确确定最大起飞质量，对于轰炸机和大型运输机的起飞安全有着非常重要的意义。确定最大起飞质量，以往多采用作图的方法，由于影响最大起飞质量的因素比较复杂，所以比较准确的数学模型未曾建立。近几年来对这个问题进行了多方面的探讨，得出一个计算Ｈ６最大起飞质量比较准确的数学模型。此数学模型的建立为其它轰炸机、运输机最大起飞质量的计算开辟了一条新路，对工程应用具有一定的参考价值。     

The entropy in groups – a clue to galaxy formation

The entropy in the hot X-ray gas in groups of galaxies is a fossil of the process of galaxy formation The amount of entropy in these low mass systems considerably exceeds that predicted from structure formation models. To explain these results requires “extra” energy which is a relic of the process of star formation and active galaxy heating. We present new XMM results on the entropy and entropy profiles. These results are inconsistent with pre-heating scenarios which have been developed to explain the entropy floor in groups but are broadly consistent with models of structure formation which include the effects of heating and/or the cooling of the gas. The total entropy in these systems provides a strong constraint on all models of galaxy and group formation, and on the poorly defined feedback process which controls the transformation of gas into stars and thus the formation of structure in the universe.     

温度计量技术在航空发动机试车台健康管理中的应用

分析了航空发动机试车台温度配置参数传统离线校准方法,针对其存在的反复拆装耗时长且易引发故障、缺少系统综合误差的判定方法等不足,开展发动机试车台静态状态下的整机在线校准方法研究。通过给被校准参数传感器提供标准热源的方式,开展温度传感器及温度通道（温度仪表）在线整机校准。通过对发动机试车台系统模拟仪表显示结果与标准器读数进行比较,确认在线校准的有效性,实现了试车台系统综合误差校准,为试车台健康管理提供支撑。     

Space weather service activities and initiatives at LAMP (Argentinean Space Weather Laboratory group)

Since more than one decade ago, several institutions started to offer a large variety of Operative Space Weather (SWx) products. This is of major importance because Space Weather events can affect aviation communications, global positioning systems, grid electric power, satellite technologies, and human health in space. The scientific potential on solar-terrestrial physics in Argentina motivated the creation of an interdisciplinary Laboratory of Space Weather in Argentina. The Argentinean Space Weather Laboratory (in Spanish ‘Laboratorio Argentino de Meteorología del esPacio’, LAMP) was initiated in 2016, and it carries out daily monitoring of real-time information (space and ground-based instruments) on Space Weather. The information is synthesized on a weekly bulletin as a summary of the Space Weather conditions, and it is posted on a website (spaceweather.at.fcen.uba.ar). The analyzed information includes own data and of other centers that offer them publicly, and it is also analyzed and discussed later on, during monthly briefings. In particular, one of the regional products that is included in the briefing discussions and it was developed by LAMP in collaboration with INPE-EMBRACE, involves Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) maps in the Argentinean region. LAMP set up a Space Weather Laboratory in the Antarctic peninsula, in the Argentine Marambio base, where a Water Cherenkov radiation Detector (WCD) was installed during the Argentinean Antarctic campaign (January-March of 2019). This detector is the southern node of a Latin American Collaboration (LAGO, Latin American Giant Observatory), which is a network of WCDs installed throughout more than 10 Latin American countries.     

Is the Earth’s orbital motion linked to the spin rotation of the Sun?

Time variations of the magnetic field of the Sun, seen as a star (the data 1968–2018, with more than 27 thousand daily measurements of the solar mean magnetic field), allowed to specify the rotation period of the gravitating solar mass: 27.027(6)?days, synodic. This indicates a presumably unknown physical connection between motions of the Sun and the Earth: in the course of a year our star accomplishes nearly 27 half-revolutions, while the planet itself performs an identical number of its spinnings during one complete axial revolution of the Sun. True origin of this strange Sun–Earth resonance is unknown, but it is supposed the phenomenon might be caused by slight coherent perturbations of gravity within the solar system.     

Automatic detection of typical dust devils from Mars landscape images

This paper presents an improved algorithm for automatic detection of Martian dust devils that successfully extracts tiny bright dust devils and obscured large dust devils from two subtracted landscape images. These dust devils are frequently observed using visible cameras onboard landers or rovers. Nevertheless, previous research on automated detection of dust devils has not focused on these common types of dust devils, but on dust devils that appear on images to be irregularly bright and large. In this study, we detect these common dust devils automatically using two kinds of parameter sets for thresholding when binarizing subtracted images. We automatically extract dust devils from 266 images taken by the Spirit rover to evaluate our algorithm. Taking dust devils detected by visual inspection to be ground truth, the precision, recall and F-measure values are 0.77, 0.86, and 0.81, respectively.     

Beidou wide-area augmentation system clock error correction and performance verification

On December 27, 2018, the Beidou-3 System (BDS-3) has completed the deployment of 18 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites combined as a space constellation. In addition to the augmentation information for the new system signals B1C and B2a, the BDS-3 is compatible with the three augmentation information broadcast by the BDS-2 system for B1I and B3I signals: equivalent clock error correction, User Differential Ranging Error (UDRE) and Grid Ionosphere Vertical Error (GIVE). In this paper, the observation data of Beidou monitoring network are used to analyze the pseudo-range observation quality of the smooth transition signals B1I and B3I of BDS-2 and BDS-3. At the same time, the relationship between the equivalent clock error correction and the prediction error of the satellite clock is analyzed by using the Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT) data. The results show that the correlation between the equivalent clock error correction and the monitored clock error by using the TWSTFT data is greater than 60%. We calculate the UDRE by using the equivalent clock error correction. The results show that the satellite equivalent clock error correction can improve the accuracy of User Equivalent Range Error (UERE) by about 50%. This paper also compares the positioning accuracy of the BDS-2 satellites with the BDS-2 satellites combined BDS-3 satellites. The results show that the three-dimensional positioning accuracy is improved by about 30% after the BDS-3 satellites are added.     

面向稀薄流非线性本构预测的机器学习方法

稀薄非平衡流域内连续介质假设已经失效,主要围绕Boltzmann方程及模型方程对稀薄非平衡流开展理论与计算研究,统一气体动理论格式（UGKS）是其中一种代表性方法。在稀薄非平衡流数值模拟中,Navier-Stokes （N-S）方程连续介质假设已经失效,不能有效描述流场非平衡特征。UGKS方法虽然计算精度高,但速度空间离散导致计算效率低下,多维高速条件下数值计算难以开展。基于数据驱动的思想,在N-S方程与UGKS方法的研究基础上发展出了一种稀薄非平衡流非线性本构关系求解方法（DNCR）。该方法以N-S与UGKS求解器获得的流场数值模拟计算结果作为训练数据集,基于流场特征参数采用极端随机树算法生成机器学习模型,对预测流场中线性黏性应力项与热流项进行非线性修正,并耦合非线性本构关系求解宏观守恒方程得到目标状态稀薄非平衡流动数值解。针对DNCR方法中所采用的机器学习方法-极端随机树模型,通过二维顶盖驱动方腔流算例对高维非线性建模涉及的特征参数选取、参数调优开展了相关验证工作,选取若干典型状态对极端随机树模型的泛化性能开展研究,并评估了相关模型与方法的计算精度与计算效率。     

亚声速轴流压气机失速监测方法试验

为了研究轴流压气机失速先兆信号监测的有效算法,对亚声速轴流压气机试验台的孤立转子在不同转速下,从稳定工况到失速工况叶顶不同轴向位置进行了动态压力信号测量试验,采用自相关分析和方差分析算法对试验数据进行了对比分析。结果表明,该压气机为突尖型失速,在叶顶前缘附近能明显感受到失速先兆信号,自相关分析监测到失速先兆信号的时间明显早于方差分析,可更有效的达到失速预警的作用。