平面叶栅尾流板开孔率对跨声速涡轮叶栅流道影响的数值分析

跨声速平面叶栅风洞中通常通过尾流板来改善平面叶栅周期性,针对尾流板的设计需求,利用数值模拟的方法,研究了尾流板在15%、30%、50%开孔率下对实验叶栅的影响。数值分析结果表明:叶栅尾缘激波在自由边界上反射后,返回到叶栅通道中,破坏了叶栅通道的周期性;开槽尾流板减少了反射波对叶栅通道的影响,减弱叶栅尾缘激波的反射波强度,在某特定情况下能使反射波变成膨胀波,从而提高了叶栅通道周期性;尾流板开孔率为15%时能极大地改善平面叶栅通道的周期性,相对于开孔率为50%时叶栅的周期性误差降低约16.43%。      

Fractional order tension control for stable and fast tethered satellite retrieval

The retrieval of a tethered satellite system is intrinsically unstable. This paper develops a new control strategy to retrieve the tethered satellite system stably and quickly using the fractional order control theory. The governing equation of the tethered satellite system and classic linear feedback tension control law were first reviewed and examined as a benchmark. Then, a new fractional order tension control law has been to avoid the tethered satellite winds around the main satellite near the end of retrieval by existing integer order tension control laws. The newly proposed control law has been discretized and implemented by the Laplace transform and Tustin operator. Unlike the existing integer order control laws, which are based on the feedback of current state and memoryless, the fractional order control law has the memory of previous states and thus controls the tether retrieval more smoothly while maintaining the retrieving speed. The effectiveness and advantage of the new fractional order tension control law is demonstrated numerically by comparing with its integer order counterpart. The results show that the new control law not only retrieves the subsatellite without winding around the main satellite, but also provides a better control performance with smaller in-plane libration angles.     

Effects of wing flexibility on aerodynamic performance of an aircraft model

The low-speed wind tunnel experiment is carried out on a simplified aircraft model to explore the influence of wing flexibility on the aircraft aerodynamic performance. The investigation involves the measurements of force, membrane deformation and velocity field at Reynolds number of 5.4 × 10⁴–1.1 × 10⁵. In the lift curves, two peaks are observed. The first peak, corresponding to the stall, is sensitive to the wing flexibility much more than the second peak, which nearly keeps constant. For the optimal case, in comparison with the rigid wing model, the delayed stall of nearly 5° is achieved, and the relative lift increment is about 90%. It is revealed that the lift enhanced region corresponds to the larger deformation and stronger vibration, which leads to stronger flow mixing near the flexible wing surface. Thereby, the leading-edge separation is suppressed, and the aerodynamic performance is improved significantly. Furthermore, the effects of sweep angle and Reynolds number on the aerodynamic characteristics of flexible wing are also presented.     

低速风洞绳牵引并联支撑系统的模型气动试验研究(英文)

根据绳牵引并联机构的优点,建造了一种新型的用于低速风洞试验的飞机模型绳牵引并联支撑系统,研究该系统中模型的空气动力参数的测量与计算方法。文中对机构进行了静力学分析,建立了描述实验模型气动载荷的数学模型,提出了通过测量绳系拉力求得模型空气动力参数的解算方法;设计并构建了绳系拉力测量及数据采集系统;将该系统置于开口式回流低速风洞中进行了吹风试验,采集了模型在不同姿态和不同风速下的各牵引绳的拉力数据,并对数据进行了处理分析,通过解算得到了不同吹风条件下模型的气动载荷参数曲线。研究结果表明,绳牵引并联机构用于低速风洞试验的支撑系统是可行的。     

文献“GLAST large area telescope calorimeter subsystem:vibration test”点评

文章点评的对象是一个执行宇宙粒子物质观测任务的高分辨率、长寿命、高可靠光学部组件。点评的中心内容是关于"大面积望远镜"地面振动试验,包括对试验任务的提出、试验的具体实施以及试验后的设计评审、合格标准、技术规范等等地面力学环境试验要素进行一一介绍与评述,以供业内人士参考或商榷。     

旋翼减摆自润滑衬套疲劳试验温度设计与控制

以高分子材料自润滑衬套为研究对象,其摩擦阻尼为旋翼摆振铰提供减摆阻尼,在直升机飞行时,摆振铰作周期摆振运动,产生大量的热,引起衬套温度升高,易造成摆振自润滑衬套阻尼值剧烈变化。通过建立旋翼支臂摆振铰自润滑衬套摩擦生热模型,计算了摆振铰摩擦总热流量,按摩擦副接触面最高温度相等假设计算热流量分配。对传热过程应用有限元稳态热进行求解,获得了直升机旋翼运转时摆振铰摩擦副的温度分布,再进行自润滑衬套疲劳耐久性试验装置水冷散热等同性分析,最终确定了试验装置控制温度参数,为旋翼摆振铰自润滑衬套疲劳耐久性考核试验设计和验证提供参数。     

基于低矮建筑物实测数据的改进湍流物理模型

要准确模拟低矮建筑物壁面上分离涡位置的平均风压比较困难,这些区域在绕钝体流动中也是很关键的部位.本文在Spalart-Allamaras湍流物理模型的基础上,根据钝体绕流流场特性,结合低矮建筑物上的实测数据,调试并选取合适的参数,提高涡粘预测的准确性,提出了改进的S-A湍流物理模型.通过对6m立方体和Silsoe低矮建筑模型进行稳态数值模拟,由改进S-A湍流模型得到的屋面、背风和侧风面上平均风压结果,比目前公认的模拟钝体绕流效果较好的SST湍流模型有较大改善,比风洞实验更接近实测结果.由此可以看出,本文改进湍流模型的方法,将是一条提高预测建筑物表面平均风压精度很有效的途径.     

批次定检设备故障诊断的贝叶斯方法研究

针对机载设备故障诊断定位率低的问题,提出充分利用先验故障信息指导批次定检的思想.通过研究批次定检机载无线电设备的失效规律,运用贝叶斯方法对小子样情况下的故障概率进行估计,建立了以各模块的故障概率来指导下一步故障检测的机制.针对不同情况提出3种指导方法并进行了仿真计算,结果表明可显著提高故障的一次定位准确率,减少故障查找时间,具有较高的工程应用价值.      

有限元计算中应力集中问题解决方法

针对应力集中问题,研究有限元计算中优化模型的方法.综合分析具有应力集中孔薄板在不同工况下(单向拉伸、双向拉伸、拉压复合)的不同单元密度和单元质量,提出了优化有限元模型的方法.此外,对某旋转机械中转盘的切向应力进行了计算,与子模型有限元方法的计算结果进行比较,验证了提出的优化有限元模型方法的合理性.     

航天器动力学环境试验故障诊断专家系统

文章概述了对卫星及星上组件进行振动环境试验现有的故障诊断方法,并阐述了建立经济、有效的航天器故障诊断专家系统的重要性。提出了航天器故障诊断专家系统的研究方案,并通过对卫星结构模型的应用,验证了将小波系数作为故障诊断特征向量的可行性。利用此系统可在航天器研发过程中提高航天器结构的可靠性,缩减用于排查故障的时间与财力,缩短卫星研制周期。