激光冲击强化提高主动连杆振动疲劳性能

针对某型发动机放气活门主动连杆转接R处的疲劳断裂问题,进行了主动连杆激光冲击强化工艺研究;完成了原型件和激光冲击强化、喷丸及加大R3种处理工艺后主动连杆振动疲劳对比试验.结果表明,在317MPa的应力水平下,激光冲击强化、喷丸和加大R后主动连杆疲劳寿命分别为原型件的5.24倍、3.89倍及1.36倍;与其它2种工艺相比,激光冲击强化具有强化效果好、工艺稳定性高、易于实现等优点,是截至目前减少主动连杆疲劳断裂故障的最佳处理工艺.主动连杆激光冲击强化后表面粗糙度较小,产生深度约1.4mm的高数值残余压应力层,表层晶粒细化至纳米晶并伴随高密度位错.三者共同作用可以有效缓解转接R处的应力集中,抑制疲劳裂纹在转接R处的萌生和扩展,是主动连杆振动疲劳寿命提高的主要原因.     

Ionospheric disturbances on 8 September, 2010: Was it connected with the incoming moderate Chongqing earthquake?

Earthquake prediction stimulates the searches for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospheric anomalies. Contrary to common focuses on strong earthquakes, we report the ionospheric disturbances, 2 days before a moderate Ms = 4.7 Chongqing earthquake (29.4°N, 105.5°E, depth = 7.0 km, occurred at 21:21 LT, 10 September, 2010) with the data of ground-based ionosondes and IGS receivers. The data covering the period under the quiet geomagnetic conditions and a geomagnetic storm was analyzed with upper and lower bounds. It is found that there were significant enhancements of foF2 and total electron content (TEC) on the afternoon of 8 September, 2010, with a limited area close to the epicentre, which was different from the feature of ionospheric perturbations triggered by the geomagnetic storm on 15 September. Taking into account the heliogeomagnetical condition, we conclude that the observed ionospheric enhancements were very likely associated with the forthcoming moderate Chongqing earthquake, which implies that the relationship between the amplitudes of ionospheric disturbances and earthquakes is very complicated.     

A demonstration of the potential of Cryosat-2 to contribute to mesoscale observation

Cryosat-2 was designed for its primary scientific objectives, i.e. for cryosphere science. As far as oceanography is concerned, various mission design choices make it less accurate than missions designed to comply with ocean surface topography requirements such as Jason-2 or ENVISAT. Cryosat-2-specific errors are equivalent to more than 50% of the sea surface height variability over 40% of the oceans. Cryosat-2’s sampling pattern is also suboptimal for mesoscale observation because the satellite tracks from any consecutive period of 2 to 20 days (e.g. the most recent and most valuable data for near real time mesoscale observation) are aggregated in 500 km wide bands which are interleaved with 500 km wide observation gaps.     

Preliminary characterization of carbon dioxide transfer in a hollow fiber membrane module as a possible solution for gas–liquid transfer in microgravity conditions

In microgravity, one of the major challenge encountered in biological life support systems (BLSS) is the gas–liquid transfer with, for instance, the necessity to provide CO₂ (carbon source, pH control) and to recover the evolved O₂ in photobioreactors used as atmosphere bioregenerative systems.     

旋转激光陀螺惯导系统误差传播特性分析

设计旋转式惯导系统(INS, Inertial Navigation System)最重要的工作是理清旋转调制误差自动补偿机理、掌握补偿前后误差的传播特性,在此基础上设计合理的转位方案,并对其进行仿真和试验验证.结合单轴旋转式惯导系统工作原理和误差传播方程,解释了旋转调制误差自动补偿的机理,利用理论和仿真两种手段分析了单轴旋转惯导系统中惯性元件常值误差、随机误差、标度因数误差和安装误差的传播特性,得到了旋转调制对惯性器件误差的调制效果,验证了单轴正反转停方案的有效性和应用的合理性.研究结果为旋转式激光陀螺(LG, Laser Gyroscope)惯导系统的设计提供了理论参考和设计依据.     

红外光脉冲照射对目标红外特性调制的研究

针对目标的探测、识别以及目标红外特征的模拟,提出采用人工红外光源脉冲照射目标的方法。以目标红外辐射特性形成的机理为依据,建立人工红外光源脉冲照射目标的物理模型;确定氙灯为红外光源,建立了目标红外辐射的计算模型,并对红外光脉冲照射时目标的红外特性进行了仿真计算与分析。结果表明:人工红外光脉冲照射可以对目标红外特性进行调制,在相同条件下,光源照射功率越大,照射距离越近,调制的效果越好;垂直照射比平行照射效果好。     

激光辐照条件下光电电池温度特性的实验研究

激光输能具有广阔应用前景,而光电电池是激光输能技术中实现光-电转换的核心部件。文章围绕温度对光电电池输出性能的影响,通过建立电池输出性能实验测试系统,研究了一定激光功率密度下砷化镓电池和硅电池在不同温度下的伏安特性,以及开路电压、短路电流、最大输出功率、匹配负载、转换效率、填充因子随电池温度的变化规律,并给出其定量表达式,可为激光输能条件下光电电池的选择以及光电电池温度特性预测提供参考。     

基于星间激光测距的三星时差定位系统标校方法

利用精确的星间激光测距信息,提出了基于星间测距的三星时差定位系统标校方法。该方法消除了副星相对位置系统误差对定位精度的影响,同时提出了副星相对位置系统误差的解析解法,建立了模型误差和对副星相对位置系统误差进行估算的误差的定量关系,并证实了基于星间激光测距的标校方法可以在较大范围内提高定位精度。     

MPEG2传输流协议分析及其在机载DVR中的应用

机载视频记录仪(DVR)是记录飞机视频信息的专用设备,用于完成对平显、下显、飞行员操作画面等多路视频信息的记录。分析了MPEG2系统层规定的传输流(TS)的码流格式,探讨了其在DVR中的应用的可能性及其优点。     

NASA大型民用倾转旋翼机进展研究

倾转旋翼机是一种结合固定翼飞机和旋翼飞机双重优势的新型飞机,它具有速度快、油耗低、垂直起降等特点。在波音和贝尔公司联合研制的军用倾转旋翼机取得成功后,NASA试图在相关技术的基础上研制出一种90座、航程约为1200nmile、速度约为600km/h的新型先进民用倾转旋翼支线飞机,进而取代现役固定翼支线飞机。通过系统地搜集和科学地分析,明晰了NASA大型民用倾转旋翼机项目的内容、进展、风险和影响并对ARJ21支线项目提出早期预警。