铝合金薄板K_c测试新方法的探讨

通过用圆(或椭圆)孔试件测量金属薄板平面应力断裂韧性Kc的方法,与通过用中心穿透裂纹试件Kc的标准方法相比较之后,将Whitney和Nuismer用于复合层压板中的点应力破坏准则,推广到铝合金薄板Kc的测量。 在理论和实验分析的基础上,拟合出与实验结果相一致的经验公式。     

用奇异有限元法计算正交各向异性复合材料平面断裂的应力强度因子

将复合材料平板视为正交各向异性平板，把正交各向异性平板裂纹顶点附近的位移展开式迭加在一般的等参数单元上，建立了用于复合材料平板应力强度因子计算的奇异元。并以所做出的公式，对正交各向异性板含单边裂纹和双边裂纹问题进行了计算分析，取得了较好的效果。     

TC4半球形锻件成形工艺改进

通过对TC4半球形锻件成形工艺改进,进一步提高并稳定该产品的锻造成品率,经过改进的成形工艺为中小型设备批量生产该类锻件提供了新的方法.     

A new approach on necking constitutive relationships of ductile materials at elevated temperatures

A new method is presented to determine the full-range, uniaxial constitutive relationship of materials by tensile tests on funnel specimens with small curvature radius and finite element anal-ysis (FEA). An iteration method using FEA APDL (ANSYS parametric design language) program-ming has been developed to approach the necking constitutive relationship of materials. Test results from SAE 304 stainless steel at room temperature show that simulated load vs displacement curve, diameter at funnel root vs displacement curve, and funnel deformation contours are close to mod-eled results. Due to this new method, full-range constitutive relationships and true stress and effec-tive true strain at failure are found for 316L stainless steel, TA17 titanium alloy and A508-III stainless steel at room temperature, and 316L stainless steel at various elevated temperatures.     

时效工艺对高强度Al-Cu-Li合金断裂韧性的影响

采用Kahn撕裂法测试了高强度Al-Cu-Li合金2090在不同时效制度下的断裂韧性及其变化规律,并借助TEM和SEM对相应微观组织形貌及断口形貌进行了观察。结果表明:双级时效和应变时效均可促进T_1相析出,改善合金的断裂韧性,但这种促进作用在过时效状态下减弱;晶界PFZ的宽化和粗大晶界平衡相的析出降低合金的断裂韧性,并对时效工艺、微观组织及断裂韧性之间的关系进行了讨论。     

航天飞行器的两大数学问题

本文考虑火箭燃烧室燃烧不稳定性,固体推进剂不稳定燃烧,液体火箭贮箱推进剂晃动引起火箭系统不稳定性以及航天飞行不稳定性等问题的偏微分方程组定解问题。并指明航天飞行器的断裂问题是断裂力学的时代问题之一,研究它的数学方法如奇异积分方程法,J积分方法,研究复合材料的线性断裂力学原理以及处理边缘断裂问题的边界单元法都是值得探讨的。     

Experimental study of effect of post processing on fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth performance of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V

For Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy increasingly used in aerospace structure, selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which is attributed to its complex construction capability with high accuracy and good surface quality. In order to obtain qualified mechanical properties, SLM parameters and post processing should be tailored for diverse service conditions. Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior are critical characteristics for damage tolerance evaluation of such metallic structures, and they are affected by post processing technologies significantly. The objective of this study is to obtain the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by SLM, and to evaluate the influence of post-SLM thermomechanical treatment and surface machining. Fracture toughness and FCG tests were performed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V in three types of post processing status: as-built, heat treated and hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), respectively. Specimens with as-built and machined surface were tested. The microstructure and fractography were analyzed as well in order to investigate the relevance among manufacture process, microstructure and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V presents poor ductility and FCG behavior due to martensitic microstructure and residual stresses. Both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing improve the plane-stress fracture toughness and FCG performance considerably, while surface machining shows slight effect.     

航空发动机高速锥齿轮瞬态动力学分析与试验研究

针对航空发动机中央传动锥齿轮由行波共振引起的掉块故障,采用瞬态接触动力学分析方法与试验验证相结合的手段,对行波共振发生时从动锥齿轮的共振特性和应力分布开展研究。基于声测法开展了航空发动机中央传动锥齿轮行波共振试验,研究中央传动锥齿轮行波共振特性,获取了从动锥齿轮行波共振动频、危险转速以及破坏断裂特征。仿真计算结果与试验结果对比分析表明:试验中出现三节径共振皆是前行波共振,四节径共振是后行波共振;三节径共振危险转速范围为74.2%～76.2%,四节径共振危险转速范围为102.8%～104.2%。数值仿真与试验测试中结构静频值具有一致性,三节径误差小于2%,四节径误差小于5%,验证了仿真计算模型的准确性。仿真计算四节径行波共振时从动锥齿轮齿根处和辐板应力集中,应力分布形式与齿轮故障复现试验断裂形式基本一致,辐板正面应力值大小与试验结果基本吻合,误差在0.5%～9.5%,满足工程级应力预测要求,验证了瞬态接触动力学分析方法对齿轮行波共振应力预测的有效性。试验表明该齿轮结构是否存在初始缺陷是发生齿轮断裂故障的重要因素之一。     

论裂纹扩展J积分阻力曲线变化规律的影响因素

本文对大塑性变形条件下,裂纹稳定扩展过程的J积分阻力曲线变化规律进行了全面的分析。给出了不同约束条件下dJ／da与试样的载荷因子L、裂纹尖端张开角CTOA及裂纹扩展时的瞬时旋转中心的系数r之间的理论表达式。从而论证了不同约束条件下,试样的几何尺寸因素对其J阻力曲线变化趋势的影响规律。     

TC17钛合金激光喷丸应力场及支持向量机应力热松弛模型

对TC17钛合金进行了不同功率密度下激光喷丸强化,使用X射线衍射仪测试了激光喷丸冲击波诱导的残余压应力场的分布,测试了不同温度真空保温下残余压应力的热松弛规律,最后基于支持向量机理论建立了残余压应力热松弛预测模型,并用试验结果对模型进行验证.研究表明:TC17钛合金在功率密度为4GW/cm2时表层残余压应力场最佳;残余压应力在280℃和450℃真空保温150min后分别有11.24%和27.11%的松弛;在280℃和450℃交替保温160min后应力松弛33.9%;残余压应力在试验温度保温160min后有大部分剩余,可以有效提高TC17钛合金抗疲劳性能、基于支持向量机的预测模型能够较精确的表征TC17钛合金的应力松弛规律,满足工程使用要求,对其他材料表层残余压应力热松弛分析具有借鉴意义.