PEEK卡箍载荷及耐环境性能研究

为支撑型号设计选用,针对P型和马鞍型两种结构的聚醚醚酮卡箍进行了拉伸载荷试验和多种环境试验,分析了振动与冲击、温度老化、液体浸渍、湿度、盐雾等环境试验条件对产品性能的影响,试验得到了卡箍最易失效的受力方向以及不同安装方式、不同温度条件下的拉伸载荷数据。研究表明:PEEK卡箍在试验环境温度下拉伸性能比较稳定;在湿热环境下易出现开胶现象;在振动与冲击、温度老化等环境载荷下能保证结构完整和性能稳定,可以在一定条件下代替金属箍带卡箍。     

论裂纹扩展J积分阻力曲线变化规律的影响因素

本文对大塑性变形条件下,裂纹稳定扩展过程的J积分阻力曲线变化规律进行了全面的分析。给出了不同约束条件下dJ／da与试样的载荷因子L、裂纹尖端张开角CTOA及裂纹扩展时的瞬时旋转中心的系数r之间的理论表达式。从而论证了不同约束条件下,试样的几何尺寸因素对其J阻力曲线变化趋势的影响规律。     

Laser joining of CFRTP to titanium alloy via laser surface texturing

Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TC4) substrate surface by nanosecond laser system. Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (CFRTP) to TC4 joints were performed, and the effect of texture grid depth was investigated. The contact angle of molten CFRTP on textured TC4 surface was measured and the tensile-shear force was tested. The fracture surface and interface morphology were observed. The results indicated that the wettability of molten CFRTP on TC4 surface improved remarkably after laser textured TC4. Shear force of CFRTP/TC4 joints was increased by 156% after laser textured TC4 surface. When the depth of grid was deeper than 100 μm, contact angle increased and incomplete filling of molten CFRTP in grid occurred, the shear force thus decreased gradually. Resin-carbon fibers mixture was adhered on the fracture surface of TC4, and the variation tendency of adhesion ratio was consistent with that of shear force. TC4 matrix was exfoliated from substrate and adhered at the fracture surface of CFRTP, indicating stronger mechanical interlocking occurred at the joining interface after laser textured TC4 surface. Beside mechanical interlocking, compound layer consisted of CTi_0.42V_1.58 carburization phase was also confirmed at interface, suggesting that chemical bonding also occurred at the joining interface.     

Quasi-static tensile behavior of large-diameter thin-walled Ti–6Al–4V tubes at elevated temperature

As promising light-weight and high-performance structure components, large-diameter thin-walled(LDTW) Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy(TC4) bent tubes are needed most urgently in many industries such as aviation and aerospace. Warm bending may be a feasible way for manufacturing these components. Understanding their temperature and strain rate dependent tensile behavior is the foundation for formability improvement and warm bending design. In this paper, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted at elevated temperatures ranging from 298 K to 873 K at tensile velocities of 2, 10, 15 mm/min. The main results show that the tensile behavior of LDTW TC4 tubes is different from that of TC4 sheets. The typical elongation of TC4 tubes at room temperature is 10%lower than that of TC4 sheets. The flow stress of TC4 tubes decreases greatly by about 50% with the temperature rising to 873 K. At temperatures of 573–673 K, the hardening exponent is at its highest value, which means the deformation mechanism changes from twining to more dislocation movement by slipping. The fracture elongation of TC4 tubes fluctuates with increasing temperature,which is associated with changes in the deformation mechanism and with the blue brittleness. The fractography of TC4 tubes at various temperatures, especially at 673 K, shows that second phases and impurities significantly influence fracture elongation. By considering the characteristics of the tensile behavior and by properly choosing the die material, the warm bending for TC4 tubes can be achieved at temperatures of 723–823 K.     

丁羟推进剂伸长率主曲线形状的研究

给出了丁羟推进主要曲线的典型结果，针对其中的一些现象，提出了描述基拉焦形行煌双模量模型和描述其拉伸破坏行为规律的韧性断过程模型。     

固体推进剂裂纹端部损伤区形状的实验研究

固体火箭推进剂是一种粘弹性高聚物,同时又是颗粒基复合材料。其断裂实验难度较大。本文用两种新方法:数字二次云纹法和渗透探伤法,进行裂纹端部损伤区的实验研究。结果说明裂纹端部的强烈损伤区是“窄带形”的,定义此窄带形损伤区为固体推进剂裂纹端部损伤区比以往的“腰子形”损伤区更为合理。为研究预测、控制固体推进剂的断裂性质提供了实验依据。     

在不同温度下LD10和C／E材料的力学性能的试验研究

本文测量了ＬＤ１０ＣＳ铝合金和碳纤维／环氧树脂复合材料（Ｃ／Ｅ）在低温，室温和中温下的力学性质计算了力学性能的标准误差和分散系数，分析了温度对材料力学性能的影响和破坏过程，可供工程设计人员和力学工作者参考。     

一种简便评估准晶材料断裂韧性的方法

本文介绍了一种简单评估准晶材料Al59Cu25.5Fe12.5B3的断裂韧性的方法。根据维氏（Vickers）压痕试验法测量的显微硬度和利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）测量压痕的径向裂纹尺寸，计算出断裂韧性为1．34MPam^-1/2。该结果与报道的结果基本一致。     

康普顿散射对X射线热激波破坏效应的影响

本文应用ＧＲＡＹ三相物态方程及Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ数值模拟方法，计算并讨论了康普顿散射对Ｘ射线热激波及其破坏效应的影响。计算结果表明，对较硬的Ｘ射线谱（１５ｋｅＶＰｌａｎｃｋ谱），康普顿散造成量沉积与热击波峰压明显下降，在ＬＹ－１２铝中，能量沉积的相对差△Ｅ（ｘ）／Ｅ（ｘ）可达９％－２２％，热击波峰压的相对差△ｐｍ（ｘ）／ｐｍ（ｘ）约为１２％。     

Empirical model of cosmic ray spectrum in energy interval 1 MeV–100 GeV during 11-year solar cycle

The galactic cosmic rays (GCR) are the main ionization source at altitude of ∼3–35 km in the atmosphere. For high latitude anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) component has also a significant influence on the atmospheric ionization. We propose an empirical model for differential spectra D(E) of galactic and anomalous cosmic rays in energy interval 1 MeV–100 GeV during solar cycle. In the model data are used which cover three solar cycles: 20, 22 and 23. The LEAP87, IMAX92, CAPRICE94, AMS98 and BESS experimental spectra for protons and alpha particles are fitted to the proposed empirical model. The modulated GCR differential spectra are compared with force-field approximation to the one-dimensional transport equation and with solutions of two-dimensional cosmic ray transport equation. For experimental spectra, the calculation of the model parameters is performed by Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, applied to the special case of least squares. Algorithm that combines the rapid local convergence of Newton–Raphson method with globally convergent method for non-linear systems of equations is applied for theoretically obtained differential spectra. The described programmes are realized in algorithmic language C++. The proposed model gives practical possibility for investigation of experimental data from measurements of galactic cosmic rays and their anomalous component.