Flow field characteristics,mixing and emissions performance of a lab-scale rich-quench-lean trapped-vortex combustor utilizing a quench orifice plate combined with a bluff-body

In this study, the low emission combustion technology of Rich-Quench-Lean (RQL) has been applied in Trapped-Vortex Combustor (TVC), and the combinative RQL-TVC shows a promising low emissions performance. By utilizing a quench orifice plate combined with a bluff-body, a lab-scale RQL-TVC was designed. The flow fields of RQL-TVC were measured by 2-D PIV and predicted by 3-D numerical simulation. Flow structures, radial profiles of normalized mean axial velocity, turbulence intensity and mixing level of the quench zone were analyzed. Results reveal that the dual-vortex and the single-vortex flow patterns both exist in cavities and quench zone of RQL-TVC, and the turbulence intensity is strong in the quench zone with some reverse flows. The spiral vortex was discussed by 3-D streamlines and the detail flow structures of the quench zone were analyzed based on the numerical results. The mixing level of the quench zone was determined, and results show that the quench device enhances the mixing level compared with TVC. Combustion efficiency and emissions performance were investigated experimentally, and results demonstrate that RQL-TVC has relatively higher combustion efficiency and lower emission index of CO, UHC and NO_x than the same size lab-scale TVC in present work.     

碳纤维增强复合材料车削表面质量分析

文摘以PCD刀具车削加工短切碳纤维/酚醛复合材料的表观质量为研究对象,通过开展正交试验,采用三维测量技术,研究切削三要素和刀尖圆弧半径对工件加工质量的影响;通过Design Expert软件,对加工因素的显著性进行分析。结果表明,随着切削速度v和进给量f的增大,表面粗糙度Ra逐渐增大,随着切削深度a_p和刀尖圆弧半径r的增大,Ra逐渐变小;试验显著因素为刀尖圆弧和进给量;最佳加工参数为：v=160 r/min、f=0.15 mm/r、a_p=0.6 mm、r=0.6 mm;通过加工试验和建模分析验证,结论可靠。     

振动辅助钻削对CFRP/钛合金叠层结构孔径阶差影响规律实验研究

在飞机部件装配过程中,CFRP/钛合金叠层结构的连接十分常见,而由于两种材料迥然不同的材料性能,导致制孔后存在孔径阶差,严重影响了CFRP/钛合金结构的疲劳强度。本文开展了低频轴向振动辅助钻削的正交实验,分析了低频振动辅助钻削工艺参数与切削力和切屑形态的关系以及工艺参数对CFRP/钛合金孔径阶差的影响。结果表明,由于低频振动辅助钻削刀具的周期性进给,钛合金切屑由连续长切屑变为扇形短屑,减少了对CFRP的扩孔效应,钻削区域切削热降低,平均轴向力降低;另外,振幅和进给量对孔径阶差的影响较为显著,而主轴转速的影响较小,且孔径阶差随着振幅的增大先减小后增大,随着进给量的增大而增大。通过试验验证和分析,确定面向孔径控制的最优工艺参数组合方案：主轴转速为600 r/min、进给量为0.02 mm/r、振幅为150μm。     

Machining of SiC ceramic matrix composites: A review

Continuous fiber reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites (FRCMCs-SiC) are currently the preferred material for hot section components, safety–critical components and braking components (in the aerospace, energy, transportation) with high value, and have triggered the demand for machining. However, the high brittleness, anisotropy, and heterogeneity of materials bring great challenges to machining, due to high mechanical and thermal loads, severe tool wear, and poor machining quality. With the increasing demand of FRCMCs-SiC parts, high-quality and high-efficient machining has become a hot issue. This review paper provides a detailed literature survey on the machining of FRCMCs-SiC. The material removal mechanism, defect form, and interfacial mechanical properties of FRCMCs-SiC were summarized. The machining processes of FRCMCs-SiC were introduced, and their respective advantages and disadvantages were compared. Given the low machinability (high hardness, high brittleness, anisotropy, and heterogeneity) of FRCMCs-SiC, preliminary experiments have proved that ultrasonic-assisted machining and laser-assisted machining have shown unique advantages in reducing force and tool wear, improving machining quality and machining efficiency. The machined surface integrity was discussed, the influence of process parameters on the machined surface quality was analyzed, and the machining defects of FRCMCs-SiC were summarized. But for FRCMCs-SiC, the existing quantitative evaluation of the machined surface integrity was weak and unsystematic.     

吸气式高超声速机体/推进一体化飞行器数值和试验研究

发展吸气式高超声速技术是实现可持续高超声速飞行(尤其是在大气层以内)的重要途径.吸气式高超声速飞行器为了获得良好的气动-推进性能,必须采用机体/推进一体化设计.笔者发展了针对一体化飞行器的气动力和推进力的划分体系和计算方法,发展了内外流数值计算软件.研究了机体/推进一体化设计的平头形高超声速飞行器在进气道关闭条件下的气动性能,并进行了试验验证;数值研究了进气道打开和发动机工作条件下一体化飞行器的气动-推进性能;研究了机体和推进系统的不同部件对飞行器气动-推进性能的贡献.     

冷却介质在层板内流动特性研究(第二部分 数值模拟复杂结构内流场)

用商业软件模拟复杂层板中冷却介质流动特性,以粒子图像速度(PIV)测量技术获得的实验数据,验证所选择的数学模型和数值方法.实验是在确定的径高比1及入口雷诺数4.1×104下进行的.用验证的数学模型及数值方法,向上下扩展雷诺数至2.05×104及8.2×104,改变层板径高比至0.5及2.0, 模拟这两个参数变化对层板内冷却介质流场的影响.模拟结果指出:在相同的径高比下,入口雷诺数的改变对层板内冷却介质流动特性影响很小;相反在相同的入口雷诺数下,径高比改变对层板内冷却介质流动特性有明显的影响.     

浮空器管材结构连接方式比较及拉伸强度分析

浮空器结构件如吊舱、过渡架及推进支架等多采用金属管材连接。目前,浮空器管材结构连接缺乏使用工况下极限值实测数据,材料及连接方式选择的理论支撑尚有不足。据此,对常用管材的不同连接方式进行比较及断裂分析。研究中铝合金和钛合金管材分别采用螺接及焊接的方式进行连接,测试样品的力学性能并结合仿真分析验证其断裂原因。结果表明:TA1钛合金管材采用焊接连接方式,相对螺接方式连接强度提高 87.9%;6061铝合金管材采用螺接连接方式,相对焊接方式连接强度提高 39.3%。2A12铝合金管材焊接连接强度优于螺接连接强度。同时,分析断裂原因发现,管材形变是影响焊缝连接强度的重要因素;应力集中易发生在管材端部连接处,导致端部焊缝发生断裂;管材形变会使母材断裂时伴有撕裂现象,进一步降低管材的最大连接强度。     

基于CCSDS空间数据链路安全协议的星载遥控认证保护

在国际空间数据系统咨询委员会(CCSDS)规定的空间遥控系统数据传输体制下,对星载遥控认证保护进行了研究.选择了遥控数据认证保护层次,并设计了认证保护数据范围.针对上行遥控的认证保护机制与国际空间数据系统咨询委员会的空间遥控链路命令操作过程(COP-1)之间存在的"闭锁"风险,设计了重传请求保护机制.基于空间数据链路安...     

导弹自动驾驶仪的多故障诊断方法

通过对故障诊断中出现的多故障并发的情况进行分析,提出了一个有效的解决多故障诊断的方法,并通过Lab Windows／CVI虚拟技术进行了可行性验证。     

复合材料层板固化全过程残余应变/应力的数值模拟

采用商业软件对带有铝板的复合材料层板固化全过程残余应变/应力进行数值模拟计算。在固化过程的模拟中,应用有限元法计算复合材料层板热-化学模型,有限差分法计算固化动力学模型,通过设置较小的时间步实现求解两个模型强耦合的关系。在残余应力数值模拟中,化学收缩引起的应变在每一计算步以初始应变施加在复合材料结构上。基于以上技术,对带有铝合金的复合材料层板固化全过程残余应变/应力演化进行数值模拟,并分析纤维方向和垂直纤维方向复合材料的残余应变/应力演化历程。通过与试验中层板曲率的比较,验证文中模型计算的准确性。