基于收缩理论的高超声速飞行器控制

为了使高超声速飞行器能够跟踪预定指令,针对其严反馈模型提出了基于收缩理论的控制方法。由于高度和速度相对独立,因此分开设计控制器。控制器设计过程中,以基于反步法的收缩理论为核心,对于模型中不确定项利用自适应进行在线识别;引入动态面对虚拟控制输入进行求导,并利用收缩下的奇异摄动分析降阶系统,可以证明降阶前后状态误差间的偏差及滤波误差有界。采用此方法,可证明系统状态半全局收敛,跟踪误差及自适应估计误差有界。     

考虑配平特性的超声速客机低声爆气动布局优化研究

降低声爆水平是下一代超声速运输机研制需要解决的关键问题之一。低声爆优化通常使飞行器布局向着机翼后掠角增大、机翼沿机身方向分布范围增大的趋势发展,给飞行器的配平和低速特性带来不利影响。以某超声速客机基本构型为研究对象,建立基于类别/形状函数的翼身组合体参数化建模方法;基于超声速线化理论分析外形几何参数对声爆水平的影响。在此基础上,分别针对机身轮廓、机翼平面形状以及扭转角分布对该构型进行低声爆优化和俯仰力矩特性优化,并采用CFD 方法对优化结果进行校核。结果表明：与基准构型相比,在不显著增加俯仰力矩的基础上,优化构型的阻力降低了19 cts,近场过压显著降低,地面声爆响度降低5.1 PLdB。     

A formal approach using SysML for capturing functional requirements in avionics domain

In this work, a Model-Based Systems Engineering approach based on SysML is proposed. This approach is used for the capture and the definition of functional requirements in avionics domain. The motivation of this work is triple: guide the capture of functional requirements, validate these functional requirements through functional simulation, and verify efficiently the consistency of these functional requirements. The proposed approach is decomposed into several steps that are detailed to go from conceptual model of avionics domain to a formal functional model that can be simulated in its operating context. To achieve this work, a subset of SysML has been used as an intermediate modelling language to ensure progressive transformation that can be understood and agreed by system stakeholders. Formal concepts are introduced to ensure theoretical consistency of the approach. In addition, transformation rules are defined and the mappings between concepts of ARP4754A civil aircraft guidelines and SysML are formalized through meta-model. The resulting formalization enables engineers to perform functional simulation of the top-level functional architecture extracted from operational scenarios. Finally, the approach has been tested on an industrial avionics system called the Onboard Maintenance System.     

Geometric error analysis of an over-constrained parallel tracking mechanism using the screw theory

This paper deals with geometric error modeling and sensitivity analysis of an overconstrained parallel tracking mechanism. The main contribution is the consideration of overconstrained features that are usually ignored in previous research. The reciprocal property between a motion and a force is applied to tackle this problem in the framework of the screw theory. First of all, a nominal kinematic model of the parallel tracking mechanism is formulated. On this basis, the actual twist of the moving platform is computed through the superposition of the joint twist and geometric errors. The actuation and constrained wrenches of each limb are applied to exclude the joint displacement. After eliminating repeated errors brought by the multiplication of wrenches, a geometric error model of the parallel tracking mechanism is built. Furthermore,two sensitivity indices are defined to select essential geometric errors for future kinematic calibration. Finally, the geometric error model with minimum geometric errors is verified by simulation with SolidWorks software. Two typical poses of the parallel tracking mechanism are selected, and the differences between simulation and calculation results are very small. The results confirm the correctness and accuracy of the geometric error modeling method for over-constrained parallel mechanisms.     

超静超稳卫星碰振动力学建模

针对分离式卫星载荷模块(PM)受到扰动时可能与服务模块(SM)发生碰撞的问题,综合音圈电机反电动势(back-EMF)和柔性线缆动力学的效应,基于牛顿欧拉法建立了分离式卫星(DFP)载荷模块动力学模型。基于Hertz接触理论,推导了分离式卫星碰撞过程中连续接触力模型,并分析了碰撞过程中产生的接触力对载荷模块指向精度和指向稳定度的影响。数值仿真结果表明,碰撞使得载荷模块指向精度和指向稳定度下降5个数量级,碰撞后载荷模块可再次恢复到超静超稳工作状态,恢复时间超过1400 s。本文建立的碰撞模型对研究分离式卫星碰撞规避和碰撞控制具有重要意义。     

电磁兼容仿真在EWIS工程实践中的应用

文中基于传输线理论,利用CST软件仿真分析了线缆长度及接地线长度对于电磁干扰的影响,通过该软件进行环境建模、线缆建模、激励信号建模,并在线缆工作室进行干扰仿真,从而为后续试验及工程中线缆敷设提供参考。     

事件触发机制下多导弹固定时间编队控制

针对领-从弹编队结构中从弹对领弹的固定时间协同跟踪控制问题,同时为了节省通信带宽和弹载计算资源,基于多智能体一致性理论,给出了有向拓扑下基于事件触发机制的固定时间编队控制算法。用微分几何法将导弹运动模型精确线性化,为其设计固定时间编队控制协议,保证具有较大飞行速度的导弹编队在较短的时间内收敛到稳定的队形。在此基础上,引入事件触发机制,克服有向拓扑下Laplacian矩阵的不对称性和事件触发通信引入的误差项对系统稳定性带来的影响;为从弹设计了基于自身状态误差的事件触发函数,当状态误差满足所设定的阈值时,从弹在通信网络中更新并传递自身的采样信息,有效减少了弹载资源的占用率。利用代数图论、矩阵理论和Lyapunov稳定理论证明了编队控制系统的稳定性。数值仿真结果校验了算法的有效性和稳定性分析的正确性,适用于导弹编队的总体设计。     

基于多模特征融合的雷达干扰信号识别

传统制导雷达面临的新型有源干扰样式越来越复杂,雷达必须对各种干扰类型加以鉴别。传统的干扰识别方法仅对特定单一样式有效,通用性较差、泛化能力较弱,无法应对复杂多变的干扰对抗环境。因此,必须提出智能化更高、稳健性更强的普适干扰识别方法,提升制导武器抗干扰能力。为了提高干扰信号识别的准确率,研究了多模特征融合算法,并最终对时域、时频域、信息论特征进行融合以实现分类。首次将信息论中熵、相对熵、相对距离等概念引入到干扰信号分类这个应用场景中,通过仿真实验表明,能够有效对常见干扰进行有效识别,在较低干噪比下也有较好的识别准确率。     

新型总线式电子设备结构设计

讨论了用现代设计方法学理论确定总线式电子设备结构设计方案的方法 ,将现代设计方法学理论应用于结构设计 ,可以使设备结构设计更加合理 ,使电子设备更能适应新技术的发展和设计周期短 ,生产批量大的要求。     

基于弹塑性理论的新型接触热导模型

提出了一种新型接触热导的模型。充分考虑界面上微凸体的变形,根据微凸体变形连续的特点,分别给出了弹性、弹塑性、塑性三种变形时的接触方程。用Weierstrass-Mandelbrot分形函数描述粗糙表面轮廓曲线,并考虑了接触点的基体热阻及其界面收缩热阻,构建了分形热阻网格模型,分析了接触热导与载荷的关系,与实验数据及模型、Mikic弹性模型和Yovanovich塑性模型的预测值进行了比较。结果表明:该模型能较好地预测界面接触热导,有其合理性。