高动态环境下SINS姿态更新的改进等效旋转矢量算法

高动态环境下捷联惯导系统的姿态算法是提高系统精度的关键技术. 通过研究SINS高动态姿态更新方法, 分析姿态矩阵解算的四元数及等效旋转矢量算法, 使等效旋转矢量算法在高动态环境下的应用问题得以完善. 为改善等效旋转矢量算法对于高动态飞行环境的适应性, 以圆锥运动作为环境条件, 对等效旋转矢量算法进行改进, 推导改进算法的误差. 通过与单子样和三子样等效旋转矢量算法进行仿真对比, 验证了改进算法的有效性.     

Solar and magnetic control on night-time enhancement in TEC near the crest of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly

The ionospheric Total Electron Content (TECs), derived by dual frequency signals from the Global Positioning System (GPS) recorded near the Indian equatorial anomaly region, Bhopal (23.2°N, 77.4°E, Geomagnetic 14.2°N) were analyzed for the period of January, 2005 to February, 2008. The work deals with monthly, diurnal, solar and magnetic activity variations on night-time enhancement in TEC. From a total of 157 night-time enhancements, 75 occur during pre-midnight and 82 post-midnight hours. The occurrence of night-time enhancement in TEC is utmost during summer months, followed by equinox and winter months. The occurrence of night-time enhancement in TEC decreases with increase in solar and magnetic activities. We observed that peak size and half amplitude duration are positively correlated, while time of occurrence of night-time enhancement in TEC and time of peak enhancement are negatively correlated with solar activity. The peak size, half amplitude duration, time of peak enhancement and time of occurrence of night-time enhancement in TEC shows negative correlation with magnetic activity. The results have been compared with the earlier ones and discussed in terms of possible source mechanism responsible for the enhancement at anomaly crest region.     

Modeling and analysis of Earth’s gravity field measurement performance by inner-formation flying system

The Earth’s gravity field can be measured with high precision by constructing the purely gravitational orbit of the inner-satellite in Inner-formation Flying System (IFS), which is independently proposed by Chinese scholars and offers a new way to carry out gravity field measurement by satellite without accelerometers. In IFS, for the purpose of quickly evaluating the highest degree of recovered gravity field model and geoid error as well as analyzing the influence of system parameters on gravity field measurement, an analytical formula was established by spectral analysis method. The formula can reflect the analytical relationship between gravity field measurement performance and system parameters such as orbit altitude, the inner-satellite orbit determination error, the inner-satellite residual disturbances, data sampling interval and total measurement time. This analytical formula was then corrected by four factors introduced from numerical simulation of IFS gravity field measurement. By comparing computation results from corrected analytical formula and the actual gravity field measurement performance by CHAMP, the correctness and rationality of this analytical formula were verified. Based on this analytical formula, the influences of system parameters on IFS gravity field measurement were analyzed. It is known that gravity field measurement performance is a monotone decreasing function of orbit altitude, the inner-satellite orbit determination error, the inner-satellite residual disturbances, data sampling interval and the reciprocal of total measurement time. There is a match relationship between the inner-satellite orbit determination error and residual disturbances, in other words, the change rate of gravity field measurement performance with one of them is seriously restricted by their relative size. The analytical formula can be used to quantitatively evaluate gravity field measurement performance fast and design IFS parameters optimally. It is noted that the analytical formula and corresponding conclusions are applied to any gravity satellite which measures gravity field by satellite perturbation orbit.     

反高斯分布环境因子估计

研究了反高斯分布环境因子估计。根据指数分布和对数正态分布环境因子的定义及数据折算与综合的方便,给出了反高斯分布环境因子的定义。据此定义,用经典方法和贝叶斯方法推证了环境因子的上、下限,并给出了一些近似式以便于计算。实例计算结果较令人满意。     

无控固体火箭探空运载系统总体设计

由无控固体探空火箭和地面发射设备组成的运载系统是固体火箭探空系统的一个组成部分。文章介绍该运载系统在各研制阶段的设计内容,着重讨论总体方案选择的原则和总体参数设计的方法。     

关于单元表面吸收率的系统温度误差计算

利用系统灵敏度理论和系统误差统计理论,通过引入辐射传递系数和角系数间的关系,针对漫发射、漫反射热系统,提出了关于单元表面吸收率的系统温度误差计算方法。以立方体内表面间的辐射换热为例,采用该计算方法对系统温度误差进行了计算。通过分析比较表明:采用该方法得到系统温度灵敏度具有较高计算精度,系统统计温度误差受实验次数影响,并且在均方差较小的情况下,系统统计温度误差之比等于系统温度灵敏度之比的绝对值。     

基于空间卫星综合应用系统的天气预报业务框架构建

围绕空间卫星综合应用系统，在介绍天气预报业务系统基本框架的基础上，着重分析了天气预报业务化框架、网络的技术特点，以及天气预报业务的一些技术和方法．     

提高微波晶体管S参数测量精确度的实用技术

介绍了矢量网络分析仪测量微波晶体管S参数时的主要误差 ,给出了基于测试夹具校准件的制作方法和它的特性测量     

基于PC／104的GPS定位定向仪设计

将PC/10 4嵌入式计算机应用到GPS定位定向系统中 ,设计了一套完整的软硬件系统 ,完成了小型化、实时性、高可靠的样机设计和调试。解决了GPS定向系统研制工作中的软硬件设计问题 ,为进一步提高GPS定向或定姿准确度提供了保障。     

北斗首颗备份卫星性能初步分析

主要从卫星钟差预报、轨道测定精度、伪距波动情况等角度分析了I6卫星与北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）其他现役倾斜地球同步轨道（IGSO）卫星的异同,并从位置精度因子（PDOP）和格网可用性评估了I6卫星入网对BDS的贡献。利用星地双向时频传递设备观测的星地钟差数据,评估了I6卫星星载原子钟的预报性能,结果表明,I6卫星发播的卫星钟参数外推5h预报误差的均方根误差（RMS）为232ns,外推1h预报误差的RMS为073ns,与现役IGSO卫星钟差预报水平相当;对多星联合精密定轨结果分析表明,与北斗现役I3卫星相比,姿态控制方式优化后的I6卫星在地影期间的轨道精度并未发生明显衰减,克服了现有北斗二号卫星在地影期间轨道精度下降,从而影响北斗服务的连续性、可用性问题;利用大口径抛物面天线采集到的数据对I6卫星的伪距波动进行了分析,结果表明I6卫星单个观测弧段内其伪距波动峰峰差约为1m,与其他IGSO卫星一致;进行PDOP仿真计算,结果表明I6卫星的加入使得喀什地区的PDOP最大值由1282下降为726,PDOP大于6的时段所占百分比由2911%下降为1721%;对格网电离层产品实施解算,结果表明I6卫星的加入使得6个电离层格网点的可用度提升至95%以上。