Parametric analyses for synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoil

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoils. The preconditioned and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled with a k x shear stream transport turbulence model are employed to accomplish the flowfield simulation of rotor airfoils under jet control. Additionally,a velocity boundary condition modeled by a sinusoidal function is developed to fulfill the perturbation effect of periodic jets. The validity of the present CFD procedure is evaluated by the simulated results of an isolated synthetic jet and the jet control case for airfoil NACA0015. Then, parametric analyses are conducted specifically for an OA213 rotor airfoil to investigate the effects of jet parameters(forcing frequency, jet location and momentum coefficient, jet direction, and distribution of jet arrays) on the control effect of the aerodynamic characteristics of a rotor airfoil. Preliminary results indicate that the efficiency of jet control can be improved with specific frequencies(the best lift-drag ratio at F+= 2.0) and jet angles(40 or 75) when the jets are located near the separation point of the rotor airfoil. Furthermore, as a result of a suitable combination of jet arrays, the lift coefficient of the airfoil can be improved by nearly 100%, and the corresponding drag coefficient decreased by26.5% in comparison with the single point control case.     

基于合成卷积层网络结构的焊缝X射线图片缺陷筛选技术

焊接技术应用于多个领域,近些年焊缝缺陷自动检测技术成为了重要的研究方向。本文基于VGG-16卷积神经网络的良好分类性能,提出一种SC-VGG网络结构,利用合成卷积层替换了单个卷积层,同时改进了训练过程中的损失函数,使网络结构更为关注焊缝缺陷类型预测的结果。经过实验测试,SC-VGG网络结构在训练过程中损失函数曲线可以很好的收敛,与其他网络结构相比对焊缝缺陷特征的提取性能更好,平均准确率和召回率达到了95.86%和98.33%,为焊缝缺陷自动化识别提供了算法支撑。     

一种融合MRF分割与数学形态学的道路提取算法

针对高分辨率合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR）图像中道路目标难以有效提取的问题,提出一种融合马尔可夫随机场（Markov Random Field, MRF）分割与数学形态学处理的高分辨率SAR图像道路提取算法。该算法首先利用直方图均衡化和增强Lee滤波对SAR图像进行预处理,实现道路的边缘增强,抑制相干斑噪声;进而利用基于条件迭代模式（Iterated Conditional Mode, ICM）的MRF对SAR图像中的道路目标进行初分割;再用数学形态学填充空洞,平滑道路边缘;最后,基于道路的几何特征,使用偏心率、矩阵度、复杂度等因子去除虚警,从而提取出道路目标。利用该文算法对两块实际高分辨率SAR图像进行道路目标提取,均可以取得90%以上的正确道路提取率,表明本文算法具有较高的道路提取精度。     

Imaging of target with complicated motion using ISAR system based on IPHAF-TVA

The technique of imaging a target with a complicated motion using an Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) system is an effective tool in the field of radar signal processing. After the translational compensation, the received signal reflected from the target can take the form of a multi-component Polynomial Phase Signal (m-PPS), and the high quality ISAR image can be provided via the combination between the estimated parameters of the m-PPS and the Range Instantaneous-Doppler technique (RID). For a target with a high maneuvrability, the occurrence of scatterers Migration Through Resolution Cell (MTRC), caused by the rotational movement could be appearing. That is why the variation in the amplitude of the echo during the time of observation cannot be neglected. The purpose of this study is the parameters estimation of the m-PPS signal with order three in the case of the Time Varying Amplitude (TVA). The Improved-version of the Product High-order Ambiguity Function (IPHAF) with TVA is proposed to improve the quality of the ISAR image compared with traditional techniques based on a constant amplitude; the experimental outcomes confirm that the new IPHAF-TVA method presented in this study is an effective technique to make the ISAR image very clear.     

Synergetic use of SAR and Thermal Infrared data to study the physical properties of the lunar surface

The surface layer of the Moon preserves vital evidences of lunar impact and cratering processes due to the absence of any Aeolian and fluvial erosion processes acting on it. By examining these evidences, which are recorded throughout the evolutionary history of the Moon, several basic aspects of lunar science can be understood, and this has direct relevance to the surfaces of other airless bodies within the solar system. In this study, rock abundance data obtained from Thermal Infrared (TIR) observations and radar Circular Polarization Ratio (CPR) data sets obtained from polarimetric SAR observations were correlated at some sample sites on the lunar surface. Preliminary results yielded qualitative and quantitative estimates for surface rock abundances. Except at distal ejecta deposits of young, bright craters a general correlation was observed between the two datasets. Mixed results were observed from the impact melt flows where the situation is complex due to the possible subsurface-volume and volume-subsurface interactions of the radar waves. But the flow features were clearly separated from the interior and ejecta regions of their parent craters in terms of CPR and rock abundances. The extent and distributions of pyroclastic deposits and dark haloed regions could not be distinctly identified at the resolution of datasets utilized. Near Gerasimovich D crater, the Diviner Radiometer has provided the first TIR observations of a newly discovered impact melt flow which was not visible in the optical imagery. This facilitated the first ever quantitative comparisons of the radar CPR and rock abundance values near such a region. Also, significant differences in spatial patterns between the radar and rock concentration data sets were observed, owing to the differences in the sensitivity of the two observations.     

DBF\|SAR系统1比特量化设计

为解决DBF\|SAR系统数据率巨大和星上处理复杂的问题,提出了一种将各通道回波和距离向匹配滤波器都1比特量化的处理方法。首先证明当回波信噪比较低时,符号位已包含了目标的幅度信息,从而为1比特量化提供了可能;在此基础上,利用各通道间信号相关性强而噪声相关性弱的特点,通过数字波束成形技术,提高了系统信噪比。接着探讨了该方法的硬件实现结构和资源消耗情况。最后,仿真结果表明了方法的有效性。该方法在不明显降低成像质量的前提下,简化了系统电路设计和减小了数据率,对DBF\|SAR系统的工程实现有一定参考价值。     

双星双频地面快速运动目标成像与参数估计

在多输入多输出合成孔径雷达(MIMO-SAR)的基础上,提出使用双卫星、双工作频率实现地面快速运动目标检测、成像和参数估计的方法。利用广义二阶Keystone变换对提取出的运动目标进行距离徙动校正,针对快速运动目标的多普勒模糊问题,使用修正的离散调频傅立叶变换结合最小波形熵搜索完成目标多普勒参数估计后,利用数值搜索的方法对不同工作频率下的速度集合进行交集求解得到目标真实速度值,并给出了一种运算量较小的快速搜索算法。最后,计算机仿真表明了方法的有效性。     

基于轨道参数和SAR回波数据的多普勒调频率快速估计

多普勒调频率是SAR方位向压缩的关键参数之一. 调频率的失配会带来严重的方位向散焦, 从而影响成像质量. 基于减灾、防灾目的, 需要对SAR数据快速成像, 从而相应要求对多普勒调频率进行快速估计处理. 根据多普勒调频率快速估计需求, 提出了一种基于轨道参数法和Map Drift算法估计多普勒调频率的综合反演算法, 利用多普勒调频率与距离的关系, 简化整个估计流程, 从而提高估计速度. 同时给出了一种块数据筛选的方法, 用于选择综合反演法中所采用的块数据. 实验结果表明, 综合反演法能够在满足成像质量要求的基础上, 快速估计出多普勒调频率.      

小卫星高分辨率成像系统

对小卫星对地观测高分辨率成像系统进行了综述。介绍了国内外有极高分辨率（0．5～1．0m）、高分辨率（1．8～2．5m）和中高分辨率（4-10m）小卫星光学成像系统的性能,并与合成孔径雷达（SAR）成像系统进行了比较。给出了小卫星光学成像系统、SAR高分辨率成像系统和卫星平台的关键技术。讨论了未来小卫星及其高分辨率成像系统技术的发展趋势。