Categorical Bias in Line Angle Judgments: Sex Differences and the Use of Multiple Categories

According to the Category Adjustment (CA) model, spatial estimates (e.g., of location) involve Bayesian combination across multiple, hierarchical pieces information, each weighted by its relative certainty. Recent work, though, has shown that men and women differ in terms of their certainty regarding fine-grained and categorical information in location memory. Here we demonstrate that this reflects a more general sex difference in visuospatial processing by examining bias patterns in a line angle judgment task (JLAP-15). In addition, the data suggest that multiple, hierarchical levels of categorical information influenced spatial judgments. These results imply that the hierarchical combination outlined by the CA model extends beyond two levels, and that men and women apply differential weighting to these representations.     

IDS contribution to ITRF2008

For the first time, the International DORIS Service (IDS) has produced a technique level combination based on the contributions of seven analysis centers (ACs), including the European Space Operations Center (ESOC), Geodetic Observatory Pecny (GOP), Geoscience Australia (GAU), the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the Institut Géographique National (IGN), the Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences (INASAN, named as INA), and CNES/CLS (named as LCA). The ACs used five different software packages to process the DORIS data from 1992 to 2008, including NAPEOS (ESA), Bernese (GOP), GEODYN (GAU, GSC), GIPSY/OASIS (INA), and GINS (LCA). The data from seven DORIS satellites, TOPEX/Poseidon, SPOT-2, SPOT-3, SPOT-4, SPOT-5, Envisat and Jason-1 were processed and all the analysis centers produced weekly SINEX files in either variance–covariance or normal equation format. The processing by the analysis centers used the latest GRACE-derived gravity models, forward modelling of atmospheric gravity, updates to the radiation pressure modelling to improve the DORIS geocenter solutions, denser parameterization of empirically determined drag coefficients to improve station and EOP solutions, especially near the solar maximum in 2001–2002, updated troposphere mapping functions, and an ITRF2005-derived station set for orbit determination, DPOD2005. The CATREF software was used to process the weekly AC solutions, and produce three iterations of an IDS global weekly combination. Between the development of the initial solution IDS-1, and the final solution, IDS-3, the ACs improved their analysis strategies and submitted updated solutions to eliminate troposphere-derived biases in the solution scale, to reduce drag-related degradations in station positioning, and to refine the estimation strategy to improve the combination geocenter solution. An analysis of the frequency content of the individual AC geocenter and scale solutions was used as the basis to define the scale and geocenter of the IDS-3 combination. The final IDS-3 combination has an internal position consistency (WRMS) that is 15 to 20 mm before 2002 and 8 to 10 mm after 2002, when 4 or 5 satellites contribute to the weekly solutions. The final IDS-3 combination includes solutions for 130 DORIS stations on 67 different sites of which 35 have occupations over 16 years (1993.0–2009.0). The EOPs from the IDS-3 combination were compared with the IERS 05 C04 time series and the RMS agreement was 0.24 mas and 0.35 mas for the X and Y components of polar motion. The comparison to ITRF2005 in station position shows an agreement of 6 to 8 mm RMS in horizontal and 10.3 mm in height. The RMS comparison to ITRF2005 in station velocity is at 1.8 mm/year on the East component, to 1.2 mm/year in North component and 1.6 mm/year in height.     

经营多角化的结合效应与度量

经营多角化多年来一直是产业经济学家和政策制定者关注的焦点之一。本文对如何取得多角化经营的结合效应作了分析,并给出了经营多角化的度量方法。     

目的论视角下服装品牌的翻译

随着全球化飞速发展,海内外服装贸易竞争日益激烈,服装品牌的译名日益显示出其重要性。以服装类品牌为研究对象,旨在探讨目的论下的服装品牌的翻译策略。目的论认为,目的原则是翻译中的首要原则。经分析发现,为使译名达到传达信息、传递美感或呼唤消费的目的,译者在翻译时应灵活运用音译、直译、意译、音意译几种译法,创造出达意传神、刺激消费的译名。     

翼-身组合体绕流的Euler方程数值模拟

用代数方法生成翼-身组合体H-O型网格,并用有限体积法研制出翼-身组合体绕流三维Euler方程计算程序。该方法的特点是改进了机身与机翼表面网格点分布,机翼后缘有后掠时也能保证后缘与网格线一致。程序除能按常规提供横流截面展向压强分布外,还能提供弦向压强分布。对NASA TND-712的翼-身组合体模型的计算结果与实验符合很好。     

基于深度学习的日间逐小时地表PM2.5浓度反演

以长三角地区作为研究区域,提出了使用深度学习算法来实现主被动遥感数据结合反演地表PM2.5浓度的方法。基于MPL观测数据,使用雾霾层高度(HLH)替换了边界层高度(BLH)特征,对已有的基于气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)结合大气BLH来反演PM2.5浓度的算法进行了改进。为提高数据覆盖率,对研究区域内的MAIAC AOD进行了填补与评估。利用多种机器学习算法实现了日间逐小时的PM2.5浓度估算,模型验证相关性最高可达0.87。该方法能够为观测气候变化、应对大气污染提供有效帮助。     

浅析工学结合模式下高职生诚信教育

诚信教育是以人为本的高职教育价值观的本质要求,是高职德育工作的重要内容,也是工学结合人才培养模式的客观需要。目前高职生诚信教育存在地位认知偏差,教育方式不当和缺乏实效性和针对性等问题,本文对工学结合模式下高职生诚信教育的路径进行了初步的探讨。     

A Dual-driven Intelligent Combination Control of Heat Pipe Space Cooling System

Effective thermal control systems are essential for reliable operation of spacecraft.A dual-driven intelligent combination control strategy is proposed to improve the temperate control and heat flux tracking effects.Both temperature regulation and heat flux tracking errors are employed to generate the final control action;their contributions are adaptively adjusted by a fuzzy fusing policy of control actions.To evaluate the control effects,describe a four-nodal mathematical model for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the controlled heat pipe space cooling system(HP-SCS) consisting of an aluminum-ammonia heat pipe and a variable-emittance micro-electromechanical-system(MEMS) radiator.This dynamical model calculates the mass flow-rate and condensing pressure of the heat pipe working fluid directly from the systemic nodal temperatures,therefore,it is more suitable for control engineering applications.The closed-loop transient performances of four different control schemes have been numerically investigated.The results conclude that the proposed intelligent combination control scheme not only improves the thermal control effects but also benefits the safe operation of HP-SCS.     

基于推力器的组合航天器质量特性辨识方法研究

组合航天器的质量特性辨识对提高其姿态轨道控制的精度和快速性有至关重要的作用。对基于推力器的总质量、质心位置和惯量矩阵的在轨辨识进行了研究。基于推力作用下的平动方程可得到质心位置和总质量的耦合辨识方程,基于转动方程可得到转动惯量和质心位置的耦合辨识方程,通过对角速度和线加速度进行多次采样,利用最小二乘法求解这2类辨识方程可完成总质量、质心位置和惯量矩阵的在轨辨识。基于上述辨识原理,提出一种闭环稳定的解耦质量特性辨识方法,通过设计合适的推力器工作策略,实现总质量、质心位置和惯量矩阵的解耦辨识,并采用一种不依赖于转动惯量的控制算法,使组合航天器的姿态在辨识结束后恢复到稳定状态。仿真表明,采用闭环稳定的解耦质量特性辨识方法,可保证组合航天器在推力器激励后的姿态稳定性。在仿真采用的动力学干扰、推力器误差和敏感器误差下,总质量、质心位置和惯量矩阵的辨识精度可达到10-3量级。     

深空通信天线组阵关键技术及其发展趋势

天线组阵是未来深空通信中的重要发展方向之一。本文介绍了天线组阵的发展历程,重点讨论了组阵中的关键技术,包括阵址选择、阵元口径和数量设计、阵构型设计以及信号处理的方法,分析了上述技术对组阵性能的影响。最后,探讨了天线组阵的发展趋势。