空间可展开薄膜遮光罩设计与分析

对于觅音计划的光学系统而言,太阳光是其杂散光的首要来源,是影响成像质量的重要因素.通过将仿生技术和折纸理论相结合,完成光学系统的遮光罩设计.依据花朵开放过程,获取遮光罩的拓扑构型,完成遮光罩折展设计,并根据光学系统任务需求,优化遮光罩拓扑构型.采用底面为正六边形的拓扑构型时,遮光罩的折展比为8,且折叠后的包络空间和卫星...     

一种航空发动机轮盘尺寸与重量预估方法

为了在航空发动机总体设计阶段准确快速的预估轮盘转子的重量,正确把握轮盘结构形式的发展趋势,建立基于等强度型面的轮盘尺寸设计和重量预估模型并开发计算程序,利用程序对某型涡扇发动机的轮盘转子进行重量预估,研究在不同轮盘中心孔半径、不同叶片应力参数(AN2)值下的轮盘尺寸和重量的变化规律,研究轮盘重量在不同轮盘中心孔半径、不同AN2值下随转子叶片材料的变化。结果表明:在满足一定的强度负荷限制和结构限制的条件下,存在轮盘应力和轮盘中心孔半径的最优组合,使得轮盘重量最小;转子叶片采用密度更小的新材料后,轮盘的中心孔半径增大,进而可能演化为叶环结构,转子部件重量大幅下降。     

大涵道比涡扇发动机低压涡轮间隙分析与设计

航空发动机涡轮叶尖间隙的准确分析与合理设计对改善发动机性能有重要意义。对叶尖间隙的影响因素进行了详细分析,并指出在总体结构初步设计中,涡轮叶尖间隙分析和设计需要重点考虑的载荷因素;给出采用NX-NASTRAN进行间隙计算的求解方法和详细步骤;以某大涵道比发动机低压涡轮的间隙分析为例,给出详细的求解过程,求解得到低压涡轮在地面起飞状态等8个工况下间隙变化值为-0.4~1.1 mm,并指出间隙初始值的确定应当主要考虑设计点状态、起飞状态和地面慢车状态。     

航空发动机高压转子的结构动力学设计方法

建立了航空发动机高压转子的动力学模型,该模型包含所有的结构动力学设计参数,揭示了设计参数与转子振动特性间的关系,提出了转子临界转速界值的估计方法,并予以理论证明.建立了分别基于两阶临界响应的支承刚度设计准则.发现了转子参数临界转速现象,在参数临界转速处,阻尼器将失去阻尼作用,振动趋于无穷大;给出了参数临界转速出现的条件,上述的结论对于航空发动机高压转子的设计具有重要的指导意义.     

单元体结构发动机总体结构尺寸控制与分析

在单元体结构发动机中,在各小的维修单元体或大的单元体内部,通过逐级控制一些关键尺寸,来满足单元体本身互换性要求,同时满足发动机总体结构设计的要求,这也是单元体发动机设计和装配中需重点关注的问题。以国外某发动机为例,通过尺寸链的分配和必要时在内部设置调整环,使单元体内部的这些关键的总体结构特征尺寸达到一定的精度要求,贯穿至发动机总体结构设计和协调、传装及总装装配的各环节中,使发动机总体结构尺寸如转、静子轴向间隙等更加合理可靠,避免发生干涉等问题。     

Numerical investigation of windage heating within shrouded rotor-stator cavity system with central inflow

The rotating disk surface temperature rise due to windage heating effect by numerically modeling the turbulent flow within a rotor-stator cavity which is available with a peripheral shroud and imposed through airflow was dealt with. The windage heating may be defined as viscous friction heating caused by relative velocity differences across the boundary layers between the fluid and the rotating disk surface. The kinetic energy dissipation process could transform the rotating shaft power into thermal heating. Commercial finite volume based solver, ANSYS/CFX was employed to numerically simulate this physical process by using the shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model. CFD results include the rotating disk surface temperature axial distribution and tangential velocity distribution of the fluid domain. The velocity difference between the result obtained by particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments and CFD simulation are within 5%. The adiabatic disk temperature rise can be calculated by the tangential velocity of disk and fluid in large gap ratio and turbulent parameter. CFD temperature distribution results and those estimated via velocity differences are within 10%.     

叶栅安装角异常的非定常流场数值模拟

采用商用软件NUMECA对叶栅安装角异常进行二维流场定常和非定常数值模拟,并进行对比分析,得到了因叶栅安装角异常造成通道堵塞对该叶片以及相邻叶栅通道流场结构和非定常气动力的影响.结果表明:安装角异常角度大于0°时,主要对沿吸力面方向叶栅通道流场结构影响较大,随着安装角异常角度的增大,气流不断恶化,出现大面积的附面层分离,尾涡脱落主频率随着安装角异常角度的增大而减小,次频率随着安装角异常角度的增大而增大;并导致叶片非定常气动力相对脉动量迅速增大,这可能是导致叶片疲劳破坏的原因之一.     

A fuzzy PID-controlled SMA actuator for a two-DOF joint

Shape memory alloy(SMA) actuator is a potential advanced component for servosystems of aerospace vehicles and aircraft. This paper presents a joint with two degrees of freedom(DOF) and a mobility range close to ±60 when driven by SMA triple wires. The fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative(PID)-controlled actuator drive was designed using antagonistic SMA triple wires, and the resistance feedback signal made a closed loop. Experiments showed that, with the driving responding frequency increasing, the overstress became harder to be avoided at the position under the maximum friction force. Furthermore, the hysteresis gap between the heating and cooling paths of the strain-to-resistance curve expanded under this condition. A fuzzy logic control was considered as a solution, and the curves of the wires were then modeled by fitting polynomials so that the measured resistance was used directly to determine the control signal. Accurate control was demonstrated through the step response, and the experimental results showed that under the fuzzy PID-control program, the mean absolute error(MAE) of the rotation angle was about 3.147. In addition, the investigation of the external interference to the system proved the controllable maximum output.     

A numerical model for bird strike on sidewall structure of an aircraft nose

In order to examine the potential of using the coupled smooth particles hydrodynamic(SPH) and finite element(FE) method to predict the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in bird strike events, bird-strike tests on the sidewall structure of an aircraft nose are carried out and numerically simulated. The bird is modeled with SPH and described by the Murnaghan equation of state, while the structure is modeled with finite elements. A coupled SPH–FE method is developed to simulate the bird-strike tests and a numerical model is established using a commercial software PAM-CRASH. The bird model shows no signs of instability and correctly modeled the break-up of the bird into particles. Finally the dynamic response such as strains in the skin is simulated and compared with test results, and the simulated deformation and fracture process of the sidewall structure is compared with images recorded by a high speed camera. Good agreement between the simulation results and test data indicates that the coupled SPH–FE method can provide a very powerful tool in predicting the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in events of bird strike.     

直升机蜂窝夹层结构缺陷验收准则验证技术研究

蜂窝夹层作为一种特殊的复合材料结构,具有比强度、比刚度较高,性能易设计且便于大尺寸整体成型等诸多优点,广泛应用在航空器的结构设计中。但蜂窝夹层结构在制造、使用和维护过程中易出现脱／漏粘、冲击、磕碰等内在缺陷或外来损伤,可能导致结构强度的降低,从而危及结构安全。基于强度理论制定了一种直升机蜂窝夹层结构的静强度、疲劳强度和剩余强度综合验证思路与方法。针对典型结构的构型、缺陷类型和工程可检缺陷参数尺寸,设计了模拟真实蜂窝夹层结构的验证样件和缺陷预制技术,通过强度性能的试验和研究,获得了带有脱／漏粘缺陷、冲击／磕碰损伤等缺陷的结构强度缺陷容限值,为其缺陷验收准则的制定提供了技术依据。