国外空间大型网状天线在轨展开故障与对策

空间大型网状天线在轨可靠展开是确保航天任务取得成功的关键。对国外自1974—2011年间发射的部分科学、商业和军用航天器携带的大型网状天线在轨展开故障情况进行了统计,介绍了各天线展开故障的机理,并对天线展开故障应急处理方法和设计改进措施进行了总结。根据空间大型天线展开的特点,提出了加强天线抗冲击能力、充分开展天线机构实验验证和展开故障应急处理预案研究等建议。     

尾缘锯齿修形对波瓣强迫混合排气系统性能影响

针对某涡扇发动机波瓣强迫混合排气系统建立了尾缘锯齿修形流场数值计算模型,通过三维数值模拟研究,得到了不同尾缘锯齿修形波瓣强迫混合排气系统流场的演变规律和热混合效率、总压恢复系数的变化规律.结果表明:在强迫混合排气系统出口截面处,热混合效率随修形量的增加而增大,总压恢复系数随修形量的增加而减少.1个三角形(1-SJ)锯齿修形模型的热混合效率最大,达到79.73%;2个梯形修形(2-TX)的综合效果最优,其热混合效率达到77.50%,总压恢复系数比1-SJ高出0.5%.      

双三角机翼前缘涡襟翼的试验研究

通过风洞试验对双三角翼的内涡襟翼及外涡襟翼进行了研究.探讨了影响涡襟翼效率的各种因素及其规律,其中包括机翼前缘区状态、涡襟翼形状、涡襟翼偏度、内、外涡襟翼的搭配以及后缘襟翼效率等.尤其是根据内外翼涡场的不同研究了复合平面形状机翼内涡襟翼与外涡襟翼设计上的特点,为设计双三角翼的涡襟翼提供了参考数据.研究结果表明,正确设计前缘涡襟翼与后缘襟翼可以优化大后掠双三角机翼的低速性能.     

新型曲面压缩的高超侧压式进气道数值仿真

为进一步提高侧压式进气道性能,提出了变侧压角与变后掠角+变侧压角两种新型曲面压缩的侧压式进气道设计方案,利用数值仿真手段对其M6、M4下的流场结构及总体性能开展了研究,并与常规平面压缩的侧压式进气道进行了比较。结果表明,曲面压缩的侧压式进气道性能要明显优于常规平面压缩的进气道;采用变后掠角+变侧压角设计的曲面侧压式进气道具有前掠与后掠两种进气道的优点,能显著提高进气道高低马赫数下的性能。计算发现,马赫6设计点下,变后掠角+变侧压角的曲面侧压式进气道流量系数较常规进气道提高4.1%,总压恢复提高5.3%,二者之和为9.4%;马赫4来流条件下,流量系数提高6.3%,总压恢复提高5.4%,二者之和为11.7%。     

静电加速度计对重力卫星平台的要求分析

静电加速度计是重力卫星的核心有效载荷,其非保守力测量精度是地球重力场反演任务成功执行的有效保证。文章分析了静电加速度计的测量信号以及对重力卫星平台的指标要求,重点指出满足这些要求应解决的关键技术,最后建议我国开展重力卫星研究。     

燃气轮机排气余热回收方式与热交换器的应用

介绍和分析了燃气轮机余热回收方式和典型余热回收热交换器的结构特点,认为研制高效、低成本、紧凑型热交换器,是推动燃气轮机、尤其是小型燃气轮机发展与应用的重要技术途径.     

一颗低轨道卫星在轨故障抢修与恢复

某遥感卫星,在发射入轨稳定运行期间,各项性能指标优于设计要求。由于陀螺停转导致卫星故障,主份贮箱燃料和蓄电池电源已耗尽,卫星处于自由旋转状态。通过实施一系列抢救控制方案,经过2个月左右的艰苦努力,将卫星恢复正常。抢救后的在轨测试表明,卫星各项性能指标与发生故障前相当。文章介绍了卫星抢救过程的控制技术及实施情况。     

一种锯齿状唇口超声速轴对称进气道特性

为探究锯齿状唇口对进气道气动特性的影响,完成了一种常规唇口轴对称进气道设计后,在保持其他基本构型参数和几何特征不变的基础上,通过对其唇口进行剪切构造出锯齿状切口,得到了一种锯齿状唇口超声速轴对称进气道,采用标准k-ε湍流模型对比分析了该进气道与原始型面进气道的气动特性.结果表明:锯齿状唇口进气道通过唇口溢流牺牲流量系数...     

Effects of swirler position on flame response and combustion instabilities

This study is concerned with the experimental and theoretical investigation of the combustion instabilities in a premixed swirl combustor. It is focused on the effects of the swirl mixing distance on the intrinsic thermoacoustic mode. The swirler as an origin of the swirling flow is also the source of the flow disturbance, which has effects on the flame response. The location of the swirler is varied in the experiment to study the effect on combustion instabilities and flame transfer functions. ...     

Orbit determination of BeiDou navigation satellite system maneuvered satellites based on instantaneous velocity pulses parameters

The BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) comprises geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites as well as inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) and medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites. Owing to their special orbital characteristics, GEO satellites require frequent orbital maneuvers to ensure that they operate in a specific orbital window. The availability of the entire system is affected during the maneuver period because service cannot be provided before the ephemeris is restored. In this study, based on the conventional dynamic orbit determination method for navigation satellites, multiple sets of instantaneous velocity pulses parameters which belong to one of pseudo-stochastic parameters were used to simulate the orbital maneuver process in the orbital maneuver arc and establish the observed and predicted orbits of the maneuvered and non-maneuvered satellites of BeiDou regional navigation satellite system (BDS-2) and BeiDou global navigation satellite system (BDS-3). Finally, the single point positioning (SPP) technology was used to verify the accuracy of the observed and predicted orbits. The orbit determination accuracy of maneuvered satellites can be greatly improved by using the orbit determination method proposed in this paper. The overlapping orbit determination accuracy of maneuvered GEO satellites of BDS-2 and BDS-3 can improve 2–3 orders of magnitude. Among them, the radial orbit determination accuracy of each maneuvered satellite is basically better than 1 m. simultaneously, the combined orbit determination of the maneuvered and non-maneuvered satellites does not have a great impact on the orbit determination accuracy of the non-maneuvered satellites. Compared with the multi GNSS products (indicated by GBM) from the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), the impact of adding the maneuvered satellites on the orbit determination accuracy of BDS-2 satellites is less than 9 %. Furthermore, the orbital recovery time and the service availability period are significantly improved. When the node of the predicted orbit is traversed approximately 3 h after the maneuver, the accuracy of the predicted orbit of the maneuvered satellite can reach that of the observed orbit. The SPP results for the BDS reached a normal level when the node of the predicted orbit was 2 h after the maneuver.