基于刀具摆动进给的非球面加工形貌仿真

本文以设计的基于刀具摆动进给的非球面加工机床为基础,建立非球面加工形貌仿真模型。以抛物面零件为实例,进行非球面的加工仿真。仿真结果表明,摆轴的仰角误差是影响加工表面的面形精度的重要因素,而其对表面的粗糙度的影响不大。     

高超声速流动壁面催化复合气动加热特性

针对高超声速流动壁面催化特性,计算了不同壁面催化复合系数条件下的球锥驻点热环境。引入了经验证的数值求解Navier Stokes方程的方法,在不同壁温500K～2500K的条件下分别分析了O 2和N 2气体在壁面处的催化复合气动加热特性,得到如下结论：（1） 原子复合放热将提高近壁面温度梯度,改变近壁面组分分布;原子复合放热一部分加热飞行器形成组分扩散热流,一部分加热近壁气体提高近壁温度梯度。（2） 在壁面催化复合系数较小时,原子复合放热主要转化为组分扩散加热,对于不同壁面温度,壁面催化复合系数α<0.1时,单一气体反应组分扩散热流小于总热流的20%。     

星载高精度环形网状天线设计方法

星载环形网状天线的质量小、型面几何精度好、结构刚度高,代表了现有大型可展开天线的先进水平。随着天线工作频率的不断提高,对型面精度提出了越来越高的要求。文章首先介绍了基于高精度环形天线组成和结构系统力学设计思想,讨论了实现高精度设计的基本原理。然后详细分析了高热稳定双层张力网对称设计方法和基于椭圆展开桁架的高精度设计方法,对称布局优化了网面系统的张力分布和系统刚度,能够提高网面抵抗热变形的能力。椭圆展开桁架保证了所有节点都在硬点上,能够提高系统的结构稳定性。椭圆结构有斜切和竖切两种方式,斜切方式实现了任意的角度旋转,所以能够选出较优的节点组合。     

A physics-based framework for online surface roughness assessment for high-pressure turbines

Surface roughness is a critical health parameter of a turbine blade due to its implications on blade surface heat transfer and structural integrity. This paper proposes a physics-based online framework for Gas Turbine Engines (GTE), in order to assess the blade surface roughness in a high-pressure turbine without engine shutdown. The framework consolidates Gas Path Analysis (GPA) based performance monitoring models and meanline turbomachinery analysis, using a novel GPA-meanline matching process. This extracts meaningful performance deviation trends from GPA, while addressing the uncertainties associated with the measurements and modelling. To relate efficiency loss to surface roughness severity, a meanline-based system-identification process has been developed to establish the meanline representation of the turbine stage, and to incorporate the empirical surface roughness loss correlations. The roughness loss correlations have been evaluated against recent transonic test data in the literature. A modification to the compressibility correction factor has been made according to the evaluation outcome, which improved loss predictions compared to the experimental measurements. The framework was tested on the three-year operational data of a cogeneration GTE, and the results verified the framework's potential for online surface roughness monitoring. The predicted surface roughness showed agreement in both trend and the magnitude-level with the measurements reported in the literature.     

基于人工势场法的月球表层采样装置避障规划

表层采样技术是获取地外天体土壤样品的重要手段,为在月表复杂地形、不确定着陆姿态、不规则器表包络约束下,快速获取安全的表层采样动态轨迹,文章根据四自由度表层采样装置设计,分析了工作过程中的正逆运动学关系;根据表层采样装置动、静态目标点运动要求,将约束空间分解为有效障碍检测区与不可达集,进行表层采样避障规划;为加快规划速度,针对表层采样装置瞬态构型构建了动态障碍检测区、动态不可达集;结合人工势场法提出了避障规划算法。对典型姿态下表层采样过程的避障规划仿真表明,该算法可实现约束条件下的表层采样轨迹规划,并对表层采样装置适应性设计提供支持。     

导航卫星光压建模及表面光学特性参数影响分析

为分析某导航卫星（为表述方便,下文称为B导航卫星或B卫星）的表面光学特性参数变化产生的影响,本文首先参考GPS光压建模方法,结合B卫星的结构、控制及轨道特点,构建了一种适合B卫星的分析型光压模型。在该光压模型的约束下,分析表面光学特性参数变化产生的影响。最后利用建立的光压模型进行轨道预报,与精密星历等实际数据比较,验证了模型并分析了表面光学特性参数对轨道预报的影响。     

Surface latent heat flux anomalies quasi-synchronous with ionospheric disturbances before the 2007 Pu’er earthquake in China

One of various mechanisms of pre-earthquake lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling as possible explanation of the seismo-ionospheric effects is connected with the release of latent heat. Abnormal variations of ionospheric electromagnetic parameters possibly related to the 2007 Ms 6.4 Pu’er earthquake in China were reported. This paper attempts to examine whether there were abnormal changes of surface latent heat flux (SLHF) linked with this pre-earthquake ionospheric disturbances. The spatio-temporal statistical analyzes of multi-years SLHF data from USA NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project reveal that local SLHF enhancements appeared 11, 10 and 7 days before the Pu’er earthquake, respectively. As contrasted to the formerly reported local ionospheric Ne enhancement 9 days before the shock observed by DEMETER satellite, it is discovered that the SLHF and Ne anomalies are quasi-synchronous and have good spatial correspondence with the epicentre and the local active faults. This is valuable for understanding the seismogenic coupling processes and for recognizing earthquake anomaly with multiple parameters from integrated Earth observation system.     

Hybrid method for crater detection based on topography reconstruction from optical images and the new LU78287GT catalogue of Lunar impact craters

Impact craters are ubiquitous and well-studied structures of high geological relevance on the surfaces of the Earth’s Moon, the terrestrial planets, the asteroids and the satellites of the outer planets. Therefore, it is not surprising that crater detection algorithms (CDAs) are one of the most studied subjects of image processing and analysis in lunar and planetary science. In this paper we are proposing a Hybrid CDA: a modified DEM (digital elevation map) reconstruction method used as a step in an existing CDA based on Hough transform. The new Hybrid CDA consists of: (1) reconstruction of topography from optical images using a shape from shading approach; (2) utilization of the DEM-based CDA; (3) correction of brightness and contrast of optical images used in order to be more suitable for evaluation of detections. An additional result of this work is a new method for evaluation of topography reconstruction algorithms, using a DEM-based CDA and an earlier approach for evaluation of CDAs. The new Hybrid CDA was tested using two Chandrayaan-1 Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M³) images and two excerpts of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Wide Angle Camera (WAC) global optical image mosaic. As a result, the number of craters inside these four regions increased considerably from 1754 (as available in the previous LU60645GT catalogue) to 19 396 craters (as available in the resulting new LU78287GT catalogue). This confirmed the practical applicability of the new Hybrid CDA, which can be used in order to considerably extend current crater catalogues.     

高强度碳纤维增强复合材料层合板的钻削制孔过程及其缺陷形成分析

单向层合结构的高强度碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料已逐渐发展成为航空承力结构件的主要材料,相关的切削加工需求也越来越多。由于显著的各向异性,单向层合结构的碳纤维复合材料易在切削加工中形成缺陷,难切削加工性明显。针对T800级高强度CFRP单向层合材料开展直角自由切削试验,研究其在切削过程中的切削力和切削热随纤维方向角的变化产生的各向异性行为。针对制孔刀具三尖钻和八面钻开展CFRP层合板的钻削制孔试验,研究了三尖钻和八面钻的具体钻削过程中切削力、扭矩和切削温度的变化规律及其对钻削缺陷形成的影响。此外,对钻削制孔形成的孔壁加工表面进行分析,得到了典型孔壁缺陷的形貌照片并分析其形成原因。     

纤维表面处理对PBO/ 环氧界面性能的影响

为提高PBO纤维/环氧树脂的剪切强度,采用聚合物涂层法对PBO纤维进行表面改性。通过NOL环复合材料层间剪切强度测试,研究不同浓度的表面涂层处理液、不同浸渍工艺对复合材料层间剪切强度的影响。结果表明:PBO纤维表面经不同涂层处理液处理后,层间剪切强度均高于未经表面处理的;当PBO纤维经过以涂层A为一浴浸渍液、涂层B为二浴浸渍液的两次浸渍工艺处理后,层间剪切强度最高,比未经表面处理的提高了61%。