缝合连接三维编织复合材料弯曲性能试验研究

研究了缝合密度、搭接长度和编织角对缝合连接三维编织复合材料弯曲性能的影响.实验结果表明,搭接长度和缝合密度对弯曲性能影响较大,不同缝合密度试件的弯曲强度均与搭接长度成正比;搭接长度25、40、55 mm试件的弯曲强度随缝合密度的增加而增大,但编织角35°、搭接长度70 mm试件的弯曲强度随缝合密度的增加而减小,编织角20°、搭接长度70 mm试件的弯曲强度随缝合密度的增大呈现先增大后减小的规律;编织角对搭接长度70 mm试件的弯曲性能影响显著,对于中密度和高密度缝合试件,编织角20°的试件弯曲强度大于编织角35°的试件,而在低密度缝合试件中表现出相反的规律.     

微重力环境下的表面张力及无接触测量

表面张力是材料重要的物理化学参数之一, 尤其在微重力条件下, 由表面张力引起的科学现象一直备受关注. 静滴法是地面重力条件下进行熔体表面张力测量的主要方法, 该方法的测量结果精确, 但在微重力环境下该法应用尚存在一些问题. 本文基于对表面张力理论的思考, 阐述了对其测量方法的认识和见解, 并讨论了地面上采用静滴法对熔体的表面张力进行测量研究以及静滴法在微重力条件下应用的困难. 进而介绍了利用悬浮技术进行熔体表面张力测量的无接触测量方法, 特别介绍了电磁悬浮法, 该法避免了由于容器接触带入杂质所引起的误差, 尤其在微重力条件下消除了重力的影响, 测量精度得到显著提高.      

Thermomechanical coupling effect on characteristics of oxide film during ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID grinding ZTA ceramics

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID (UVA-ELID) grinding is utilized as a novel and highly efficient processing method for hard and brittle materials such as ceramics. In this study, the UVA-ELID grinding ZTA ceramics is employed to investigate the influence of thermomechanical loading on the characteristics of oxide film. Based on the fracture mechanics of material, the model of internal stress for oxide film damage is proposed. The thermomechanical loading is composed of mechanical force and the thermal stress generating from grinding temperature. The theoretical model is established for the mechanical force, thermal stress and internal stress respectively. Then the finite element analysis method is used to simulate the theoretical model. The mechanical force and grinding temperature is measured during the actual grinding test. During the grinding process, the effect of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth on the thermomechanical force and the characteristics of oxide film is analyzed. Compared with the conventional ELID (C-ELID) grinding, the mechanical force decreased by 25.6% and 22.4% with the increase of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth respectively, and the grinding temperature declined by 10.7% and 12.8% during the UVA-ELID grinding. The thermal stress in the latter decreased by 16.3% and 20.8% respectively, and internal stress reduced by 12.3% and 15.6%. It was experimentally found that the topographies of oxide layer on the surface of the wheel and the machined surface in the latter was better than that in the former. The results indicate that the action of ultrasonic vibration establish a significant effect on the processing. Subsequently, it should be well considered for future reference when processing the ZTA ceramics.     

Effect of ultrasonic vibration on finished quality in ultrasonic vibration assisted micromilling of Inconel718

Inconel718 was machined with the traditional micromilling (TMM) and ultrasonic vibration assisted micromilling (UVAMM) with the different technology parameters, whose surface quality and burrs formation were studied. The results show that TMM often forms pits, bumps and gullies in the size effect range. UVAMM effectively improves the surface quality compared with TMM. The surface defects are significantly reduced with the increase of feed per tooth (ƒ_z). When ƒ_z exceeds 4 μm, the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the surface quality is no longer obvious. The minimum burr size on the down milling side and the up milling side are 50.23 μm and 36.57 μm, respectively. The feasibility of vibration cutting in improving surface quality and suppressing burr size was verified. UVAMM effectively suppresses the formation of built-up edge, which can significantly improve the micromilling process. The cutting force is obtained through simulation and experiment. They are agreement in the change trend. The finite element simulation can be used to predict the cutting force. Compared with TMM, feeding force (F_x), radial force (F_y) and axial force (F_z) of UVAMM decrease by 7.6%, 11.5% and 1.3%, respectively.     

航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接技术综述

凭借在强度、韧性及寿命上的优势,复合材料尤其是碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（CFRP）逐渐作为主承力结构应用于飞机产品,但由于极易产生连接损伤,其机械连接正面临"干涉破坏强度,非干涉降低性能"的矛盾。而其关键在于对干涉量的精密控制,即实现复合材料结构的精密干涉连接。针对此问题,本文分析了航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接的特点、难点与应用现状,并提出了航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接技术体系框架,重点归纳总结了航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接的三大核心问题：复合材料干涉连接孔周应力分析方法、干涉连接结构损伤萌生与扩展机理、干涉连接结构力学性能退化机制的学术发展脉络及现有问题,在此基础上,指出了未来航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接技术在模型、紧固件、工艺、材料等层面的发展趋势。     

3D打印连续纤维增强复合材料研究现状综述

纤维增强复合材料因其优异的力学性能已被广泛应用于各工业领域,但由于传统制造工艺的限制,复合材料依然无法应用于一些具有复杂构型的结构。近年来,3D打印技术的快速发展有望实现复杂几何形状复合材料结构的有效制造,从而进一步拓展复合材料的应用范围。连续纤维增强复合材料3D打印技术的成熟应用对于中国高端装备的制造具有重要意义。从力学性能角度出发,对3D打印连续纤维增强复合材料的研究现状进行综述分析,重点分析了打印温度、打印层厚度、增强纤维类型、材料堆叠方式、纤维体积含量、打印扫描间距等工艺参数对复合材料力学性能的影响机制;讨论了3D打印复合材料在典型载荷下的力学性能及损伤演化规律,明确了影响/制约其力学性能的主要原因;介绍了3D打印复合材料的强度/刚度分析预测方法,并对研究发展趋势进行了总结和展望。     

S781白漆电子辐照后光学性能退化的恢复与保护

为了深入认识和抑制航天器材料空间辐照损伤在地面环境中的恢复,在模拟的空间环境下对S781白漆进行了90keV电子辐照试验。研究了电子辐照后,试样分别在真空环境下、真空室注入空气后和空气中储存几小时后辐照诱发的光谱反射系数和太阳吸收比的变化。结果表明,S781白漆光学性能退化的恢复主要发生于与空气接触的数分钟内。此外,液氮环境对S781白漆的电子辐照损伤和光学性能退化具有保护作用。液氮的保护机制不仅在于它抑制了氧在材料表面的化学吸附,还在于它对辐照诱发缺陷的冻析效应。     

平面机织复合材料低温力学性能数值分析与试验验证

建立了单向玻璃纤维增强复合材料及酚醛树脂基平面机织复合材料层合板周期性单胞三维(3-D)有限元模型,在两个模型的有限元分析中引入周期性边界条件,保证了周期性单胞边界面的应力和应变的连续性。通过有限元模拟获得单向纤维增强材料的各项力学参数。模拟了常温及低温情况下基体模量改变这两种情况下层合板拉伸、压缩和剪切的渐进损伤过程。引入合适的损伤起始和损伤扩展准则,预测了层合板在两载荷下的破坏过程。在常温和-50℃两种情况下,对平面机织复合材料进行了拉伸、压缩、剪切试验。将有限元模拟结果与层合板在常温和低温下的试验结果进行了对比,进一步讨论了影响酚醛树脂基复合材料层合板低温力学性能的因素,得出了材料在低温情况下力学性能优于常温情况,同时也用试验验证了分析方法的正确性。     

一种基于结构相似性的动特性预示方法

提出了一种基于结构相似性的全弹动特性预示方法。首先通过基于遗传算法的模型修正方法,获得了参考型号精度较高的有限元模型,进而得出了结构刚度参数的修正系数,然后根据结构相似性,将参考型号结构刚度参数的修正系数应用于相似型号结构动特性建模及仿真。试验验证结果表明,采用本方法预示的导弹全弹动特性与试验结果相比,前三阶频率最大偏差不超过11%,各阶振型与试验结果相近。     

PREDICTION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTY OF WHISKER REINFORCED METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE: PART-I. MODEL AND FORMULATION

Whisker reinforced metal matrix compositespossess good transverse strength,low cost,high workability and other properties over unre-inforced alloys.They are applied increasingly inaerospace,automotive,electronics,sportinggoods and many other areas.Creation of thosecomposites has led to the development of newtest methods,manufacturing techniques,predic-tion theory and design practices[1,2 ] .　　The pioneer works on prediction of the elas-tic moduli of composite were traced back toVoigt[3] and …