用于大型运载器模态试验的油气支承系统

本文主要讨论运载器模态试验对支承系统的要求,油气支承系统的分析模型,此外文中给有系统功能试验结果和应用实例.最后,对大型运载器模态试验支承系统的发展提出了基本设想和建议.     

An environmentally sensitive dynamic human model for LSS robustness studies with the V-HAB simulation

The development of efficient and safe Life Support Systems is one of the key drivers of the Global Solar System Exploration efforts. For each task performed by Life Support Systems (LSS) a great multitude of sub-system concepts exist and the challenge is to find the optimal combination of sub-systems for a given mission scenario. On a sub-system level the Equivalent Systems Mass (ESM) trade study approach is well suited to effectively compare sub-system options. On a system level in addition to ESM data time dependent sub-system performances within an overall system must be addressed. Criteria such as system stability, controllability and effectiveness must be considered in order to be able to assess the dynamic robustness of systems designed to the averages. In an effort to establish a dynamic simulation environment for this type of LSS optimizations the “Virtual Habitat” tool (V-HAB) is being developed at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). This paper introduces the most important part of the Virtual Habitat simulation, which is the human model.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的工具误差分离与折合

制导工具误差分离与折合是导弹精度评定中的重要问题,提出了利用支持向量机方法获得工具误差系数估计和进行弹道误差折合的新方法,由于支持向量机综合考虑了结构风险和经验风险,使得模型的泛化能力增强。仿真计算表明,与最小二乘和主成分方法相比,最小二乘支持向量机获得的误差系数估计与真值更加接近,折合得到的全程弹道遥外差更加准确。     

Efficacy of oxygen-supplying capacity of Azolla in a controlled life support system

Azolla shows high growth and propagation rates, strong photosynthetic O₂-releasing ability and high nutritional value. It is suitable as a salad vegetable and can be cultured on a multi-layered wet bed. Hence, it possesses potential as a fresh vegetable, and to release O₂ and absorb CO₂ in a Controlled Ecological Life Support System in space. In this study, we investigated the O₂-providing characteristics of Azolla in a closed chamber under manned, controlled conditions to lay a foundation for use of Azolla as a biological component in ground simulation experiments for space applications. A closed test chamber, representing a Controlled Ecological Life Support System including an Azolla wet-culture device, was built to measure the changes in atmospheric O₂ and CO₂ concentrations inside the chamber in the presence of coexisting Azolla, fish and men. The amount of O₂ consumed by fish was 0.0805–0.0831 L kg⁻¹ h⁻¹ and the level of CO₂ emission was 0.0705–0.0736 L kg⁻¹ h⁻¹; O₂ consumption by the two trial volunteers was 19.71 L h⁻¹ and the volume of respiration-released CO₂ was 18.90 L h⁻¹. Under 7000–8000 Lx artificial light and Azolla wet-culture conditions, human and fish respiration and Azolla photosynthesis were complementary, thus the atmospheric O₂ and CO₂ concentrations inside chamber were maintained in equilibrium. The increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentration in the closed chamber enhanced the net photosynthesis efficiency of the Azolla colony. This study showed that Azolla has strong photosynthetic O₂-releasing ability, which equilibrates the O₂ and CO₂ concentrations inside the chamber in favor of human survival and verifies the potential of Azolla for space applications.     

基于过程功率谱熵SVM的转子振动故障诊断方法

针对旋转机械振动过程的复杂性和振动故障产生的随机性以及振动故障样本获取难的问题,在信息熵理论的基础上,融合了支持向量机(SVM)小样本、全局性和泛化性好的优点,提出了过程功率谱信息熵(功率谱熵)SVM的故障诊断方法。结合转子实验台,得到了4种典型振动故障在多测点多转速下的数据,通过计算提取了其功率谱熵特征值作为故障样本,即故障向量,并建立SVM诊断模型,对转子振动故障的类别、严重程度和部位识别诊断,验证了该方法在转子振动故障诊断方面效果良好。     

基于组合优化算法的临近空间飞行器轨迹优化

提出一种临近空间飞行器轨迹优化方法,利用基于支持向量机与遗传算法的组合优化算法,解决多约束条件下的高效轨迹优化问题。首先,建立临近空间飞行器轨迹优化数学模型。然后,通过参数化方法和惩罚函数法将轨迹优化问题转化为约束参数优化问题。在此基础上,提出一种求解无约束参数优化问题的组合优化算法,通过支持向量机对遗传过程中产生的种群进行分类,提高基本遗传算法的计算效率,结合轨迹优化数学模型,给出轨迹优化算法。最后,以临近空间飞行器航程最远轨迹优化问题为例,进行数学仿真分析。仿真结果表明,针对给定的算例,文中提出的方法与基于基本遗传算法的轨迹优化方法相比,计算效率显著提高。     

箱式动力结构的振动传递特性分析

针对箱式动力结构大型化、柔性化的特点,结合有限元法,以二级减速箱为对象研究不同激励条件下齿轮轴-轴承-箱体的振动传递特性.箱体采用Craig-Bampton动力缩减法缩聚到轴承孔中心处作为柔性子结构,啮合传递误差和输入轴扭矩波动分别作为激励源,考虑齿轮的时变啮合刚度、啮合错位、齿侧间隙、轴向重合度等非线性因素,计及轴段、齿轮的重力效应,基于轴段节点的思想分析了箱体缩聚节点处及轴承内圈处的动态加速度响应.最后基于Block Lanzos法提取箱体的固有特征频率.数值分析结果表明,输出轴轴承在动响应传递过程中没有起到衰减作用,应该替换以防影响整个系统的性能;减速箱的箱体设计保守,可以根据箱体缩聚节点处的动态响应为激励条件进行优化.      

High-speed wind tunnel test of the CAE aerodynamic validation model

For the purpose of establishing and validating aerodynamic performance predictions at transonic Mach numbers, a wind tunnel test was conducted in the High-Speed Tunnel (HST) of the German-Dutch Wind Tunnels. The test article is the aerodynamic validation model from the Chinese Aeronautical Establishment, which is a full-span scale model representation of a business jet aircraft. The wind tunnel test comprised of parallel deployments of balance, pressures, infrared thermography, and model marker measurement techniques. Dedicated investigations with a dummy support were conducted as well, in order to derive and correct for the interference that the support system imposed on the overall model loads. This enabled the establishment of a comprehensive dataset in which the steady overall model loads, the wing load distribution, the state of the wing boundary layer, and the aeroelastic wing shape were quantified for conditions up to and beyond the cruise Mach number of 0.85.     

级联滤波器并行频域实现的研究

文章介绍了一种用于两个或多个级联滤波器并行频域实现的有效的计算方法,特别是当滤波器阶数很大时,该算法只需计算一个DFT和IDFT,DFT／IDFT的点数远远小于滤波器的阶数;并且滤波器既可以是时不变的,也可以是时变的。     

受控生态生保系统内红萍供氧特性研究

研究红萍载人供O₂特征, 为红萍生物部件进行系统总体地面模拟试验及空间应用奠定基础,构建了受控生态生保系统密闭试验舱和红萍栽培装置, 在“红萍-鱼-人”共存情况下, 测定密闭舱内O₂, CO₂浓度的变化. 试验结果显示, 单位重量的鱼耗O₂量. 0805～0.0831 L·kg-1·h-1, 排放CO₂量为0.0705～0.0736 L·kg-1·h-1; 试验志愿者耗O₂量19.71 L·h-1, 呼吸释放CO₂量18.90 L·h-1. 人工光照保持7000～8000 lx条件下, 红萍的光合作用与人和鱼的呼吸作用相辅相成, 舱内O₂, CO₂浓度趋于平衡. 密闭舱内CO₂浓度升高对促进红萍群体净光合效率有明显效果, 红萍光合放O₂能力很强, 能有效促使密闭舱内O₂, CO₂浓度朝着有利于人生存的环境方向平衡, 进而验证了红萍的空间应用前景.