通过超实时仿真验证轨控策略方法研究

"嫦娥一号"卫星任务中轨道复杂、轨控次数多,为保证每一次轨控的成功,需要考虑各种约束条件制定最优轨控策略,并能得以验证。本文提出通过超实时仿真验证轨控策略的方法,并以某次轨控为例,详细介绍了该方法的实施步骤。通过超实时仿真验证轨控策略可以评估轨控策略的准确性,并实现在任务执行过程中对轨控相关指令的检验。     

A Novel Magnetic Configuration for Space Radiation Active Shielding

Space radiation has been identified as the main health hazard to crews involved in manned Mars missions. Active shielding is more effective than passive shielding to the very energetic particles from cosmic rays. Particle motion in a magnetic field is studied based on the single-particle theory and Monte Carlo method. By comparing the shielding efficiency of different magnetic field configurations, a novel active magnetic shielding configuration with lower mass cost and power consumption is proposed for manned Mars missions. The new magnetic configuration can shield 92.8% of protons and 84.4% of alpha particles with E < 4 GeV·n-1, when considering the passive shielding contribution of 10.0 g·cm-2 Al Shielding, the required magnetic stiffness can be reduced from 27 Tm to 16 Tm. The detailed analysis of mass cost and power consumption shows that active shielding will be a promising means to protect crews from space radiation exposure in manned Mars missions.      

影响环形微阴极电弧推力器寿命的因素研究

为了研究影响环形微阴极电弧推力器寿命的因素，首先分析了可能的因素，接着通过试验研究了电流参数对阴阳极间电阻的影响，不同功率下的推力器热性能以及功率大小对绝缘体腐蚀的影响。试验结果表明，为了延长推力器的寿命，需要控制推力器较大的放电电流，使得阴阳极间电阻动态平衡，维持在0.5~10 kΩ；需要选择合适的放电功率，功率阈值应考虑各部件材料的高温承受能力；另外，绝缘体的腐蚀是制约推力器寿命的主要因素，降低放电功率有助于减缓该腐蚀。     

The variability of the proton cosmic ray flux on the Sun’s way around the galactic center

The discovery of direct evidences for the acceleration of high energetic particles at the shell supernova remnant RXJ1713.7-3946 underlined the need to calculate the cosmic ray (CR) distribution in the Galaxy on a spatial grid fine enough to resolve the changes in the CR density due to these kind of objects. It was shown before by Büsching et al. [Büsching, I., Kopp, A., Pohl, M., Schlickeiser, R., Perrot, C., Grenier, I. Cosmic-ray propagation properties for an origin in supernova remnants. ApJ 619, 314–326, 2005] that the discrete nature (both in space and time) of super novae (SN) as sources of Galactic CR leads to CR spectra changing in space and time, resulting in a range of possible CR spectra at a given location in the Galaxy. As the most frequent SN types Ib and II are found within spiral arms, one can expect a significant difference of the range of possible spectra in and outside spiral arms. We investigate the variability of the local interstellar CR proton spectrum during the motion of the Sun in and out of spiral arms in its journey around the Galactic center. Using the code described by Büsching et al. [Büsching, I., Kopp, A., Pohl, M., Schlickeiser, R., Perrot, C., Grenier, I. Cosmic-ray propagation properties for an origin in supernova remnants. ApJ 619, 314–326, 2005], the proton CR density in the Galaxy is calculated with high spatial and temporal resolution (75 pc in galactocentric radius r and azimuth φ at the position of the Sun and 20 pc in z (perpendicular to the galactic plane), with a time step of 1 kyr), assuming stochastically distributed point sources with a probability distribution that resembles the spiral structure of our Galaxy. We find the averaged CR flux outside the spiral arm to be about 50% of that inside a spiral arm. We further find spatial and temporal variations of the CR flux inside spiral arms.     

燃气流速对EPDM绝热材料炭化层结构特征的影响

基于一种可变流速的烧蚀发动机,在含铝燃气环境中对三元乙丙绝热材料炭化层的结构特征开展了烧蚀试验研究,并对绝热材料表面炭化层进行了SEM分析及能谱分析.试验结果表明,绝热层表面燃气流速不同,所生成的炭化层表面、背面及侧面形貌及孔隙都有很大区别;燃气流速增大,炭化层厚度明显变薄,表面铝、硅氧化物沉积增加,同时炭化层材质疏松程度加大,结构强度减弱.     

S波段超小型锁相信标机的设计与实现

介绍一种新研制的超小型信标机 ,该机采用锁相环技术 ,输出信号质量高。信标机安装在氢气球悬挂的金属铝球内 ,可综合检验同一场区内的引导雷达、脉冲雷达、遥测跟踪站等设备的动态跟踪性能 ,实现测控系统的动态联调和合练。     

碳纤维/钛超混杂复合材料老化性能研究

对碳纤维/钛超混杂复合材料CTIL-1在高温高湿的条件下进行加速老化试验，为了便于分析比较，同时列出了T300/648在相同老化条件下的拉伸、弯曲和层剪性能。在加速老化180d后，CTIL-1的拉伸、弯曲性能的保留率均在80%以上，层剪强度保留率也在60%以上，表明该材料有较好的老化性能。     

一种综合孔径微波辐射计成像处理算法

综合孔径成像是基于干涉仪成像原理实现的一种成像方式,其通过对干涉测量结果进行逆傅里叶变换得到场景的亮温分布,利用小波增强去噪算法在时域和频域同时对图像进行处理,增强需求信息抑制非必要信息,并附加特定的窗函数滤除杂波,提高重建的微波辐射计图像的清晰度和平滑感。采用盲解卷的Lorentzian超分辨率算法提高成像的分辨力,较好的解决了天线口面尺寸与分辨力矛盾的问题。     

航天器用低温多层隔热性能计算方程

航天器常用有效发射率表征多层的隔热性能,其经验值范围为0.02～0.04,经验值仅与多层单元数有关,不随温度变化.有效发射率经验值的适用条件是多层的热面温度约-10℃～50℃,多层的冷面不照太阳.使用条件偏离得越多,有效发射率的经验值导致的计算偏差就越大.针对该问题,提出采用辐射项加导热项的混合传热模型,取代传统的纯辐...     

固体火箭发动机绝热层脱粘的红外热像检测规律

闪光灯激励的红外热像检测法是一种非接触式的光学无损检测技术,有望应用于固体火箭发动机绝热层脱粘的在线检测。为了推进该技术在固体火箭发动机绝热层脱粘检测中的应用,用数值模拟和实验方法研究了固体火箭发动机绝热层脱粘脉冲热像检测的规律,得到了决策参数与结构参数之间的定量关系;提出了检测极限的确定准则,并计算了脱粘大小和深度(绝热层厚度)的检测极限;提出了脱粘尺寸的测量方法及误差修正公式。所得的方程、数据和结论为固体火箭发动机绝热层脱粘的红外无损检测提供了科学依据和操作准则。