带扫气蜗壳的整体式惯性粒子分离器仿真

对一种带有扫气蜗壳的整体式惯性粒子分离器进行了仿真研究,获得了该粒子分离器的流动及粒子分离特性.结果表明:原型方案中粒子分离器扫气通道顶部和底部流动不畅,使得扫气蜗壳不能周向均匀进气并且局部出现倒流.当扫气比为19%时,主流道出口截面总压恢复系数为0.982,AC砂和C砂分离效率较差,分别为64.8%和76.6%.而在扫气蜗壳内收集管上游加装隔板后,其进气特性的周向均匀性及蜗壳内旋涡结构得到改善,粒子分离效率也得到显著提高:相同扫气比下,AC砂和C砂的分离效率分别提高了18.1%和20.9%,且主流道出口截面的总压恢复系数基本不下降.      

嫦娥二号探测器轨道确定与支持

针对嫦娥二号探测器直接进入地月转移轨道、距月面100km高度捕获月球、完成既定任务后飞往日地第二拉格朗日平动点等飞行轨道方面的新特点,分析了定轨预报策略,利用事后精密轨道,全面评估了关键变轨点定轨预报和变轨后快速定轨的精度,其中,近月制动前3h定轨预报至近月点的位置误差为1km,速度误差为 0.3m/s 。利用不同月球引力场模型进行环月轨道精密定轨,根据实测数据残差分析和精密星历比对的结果,采用SGM100h引力场模型的定轨残差均方根最大。此外,针对嫦娥二号扩展任务,分析了不同测轨条件下的定轨精度,测量数据残差分析结果表明,在扩展任务中途修正前的定轨弧段内,测距、时延和时延率数据的残差分别为5m,5ns和1ps/s。     

基于细菌觅食性的改进粒子群优化算法翼型设计

提出了一种基于细菌觅食性的改进粒子群优化算法。该算法以粒子群优化算法的社会模型为基础,添加了个体之间的交流项,丰富了粒子之间的优势信息源,增强了粒子的信息共享能力,同时,引入了细菌觅食算法中的趋化和驱散机制,使得算法能够有效地跳出局部最优。函数测试结果表明,该算法显著地提高了粒子群优化算法的寻优性能,并将该算法应用到了翼型设计之中。     

利用多状态试车数据修正发动机部件特性

针对经典的航空发动机部件特性修正因子法的不足,提出一种于多状态试车数据的修正方法.利用发动机部件匹配模型方程以及试车参数计算值和实测值的差值组成目标方程组,采用改进的免疫粒子群算法优化求解获得部件特性修正系数.以多个不同状态下的修正系数为基础,利用滑动最小二乘方法拟合修正系数曲面,进而得到修正的部件特性图.数值试验表明:综合利用不同状态下发动机试车数据进行部件特性修正,克服了传统方法的不足.提高了修正部件特性在整个工作范围的精度.      

CFD Study of NO_x Emissions in a Model Commercial Aircraft Engine Combustor

Air worthiness requirements of the aircraft engine emission bring new challenges to the combustor research and design. With the motivation to design high performance and clean combustor, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is utilized as the powerful design approach. In this paper, Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations of reactive two-phase flow in an experimental low emission combustor is performed. The numerical approach uses an implicit compressible gas solver together with a Lagrangian liquid-phase tracking method and the extended coherent flamelet model for turbulence-combustion interaction. The NOx formation is modeled by the concept of post-processing, which resolves the NOx transport equation with the assumption of frozen temperature distribution. Both turbulence-combustion interaction model and NOx formation model are firstly evaluated by the comparison of experimental data published in open literature of a lean direct injection (LDI) combustor. The test rig studied in this paper is called low emission stirred swirl (LESS) combustor, which is a two-stage model combustor, fueled with liquid kerosene (RP-3) and designed by Beihang University (BUAA). The main stage of LESS combustor employs the principle of lean prevaporized and premixed (LPP) concept to reduce pollutant, and the pilot stage depends on a diffusion flame for flame stabili-zation. Detailed numerical results including species distribution, turbulence performance and burning performance are qualita-tively and quantitatively evaluated. Numerical prediction of NOx emission shows a good agreement with test data at both idle condition and full power condition of LESS combustor. Preliminary results of the flame structure are shown in this paper. The flame stabilization mechanism and NOx reduction effort are also discussed with in-depth analysis.     

改进的粒子群优化算法在气动设计中的应用

为了提高优化系统的搜索效率,发展出了社会模型这种改进智能优化算法的通用策略,在此基础上,提出了一种基于社会模型的改进粒子群优化(IPSOSM)算法。该算法对社会模型进行了分析并在此指导下,将人工鱼群算法(AFSA)中的聚群行为引入到粒子群优化(PSO)算法中,丰富了粒子之间的优势信息源,增强了粒子的信息共享能力,使得IPSOSM算法能够有效地跳出局部最优。函数测试表明,该算法显著提高了PSO算法的寻优性能。将IPSOSM算法应用到翼型和机翼的气动优化设计之中,取得了良好的结果,从而表明提出的算法简洁有效,具有较好的实用性。     

模拟月尘制备及其物理和力学性质研究

在地球上进行的大量与月尘力学性质和机械性质相关的试验研究中,通常采用模拟月尘代替真实月尘。本研究制备了一种适用于月球探测工程试验的模拟月尘,制备工序依次为原材料选取、颗粒粗加工、颗粒精加工、颗粒级配、颗粒混合及预处理。该模拟月尘的颗粒粒径分布、颗粒相对密度、干密度、孔隙比、内聚力和内摩擦角等物理和力学性能参数经分析与国外典型模拟月尘相关参数相近,证明其可应用于月球探测工程试验。     

基于辅助粒子滤波的机动目标跟踪研究

针对机动目标跟踪巾扩展卡尔曼算法（EKF）收敛速度慢、跟踪精度低的问题,基于粒子滤波（PF）和辅助粒子滤波（APF）的基本思想,结合目标先验信息将速度约束条件加入到跟踪过程巾,对辅助粒子滤波算法进行了仿真分析,与扩展卡尔曼进行仿真对比,分析了跟踪性能和误差。仿真结果表明,对机动目标跟踪问题,辅助粒子滤波不仅解决了扩展卡尔曼线性化困难难题,与EKF相比还具有收敛速度快,跟踪精度高的优点。     

Strong perturbations on the Sun and in the heliosphere leading to large geomagnetic storms: Similar and individual characteristics

We briefly present the selected results obtained up to now by the Russian scientific groups regarding powerful solar ejections as main causes of large geomagnetic storms in the near-Earth space. Strongest perturbations on the Sun and in the near-Earth space responsible for large geomagnetic storms were well registered and analyzed during the 23rd solar cycle. Open issues and perspectives are discussed.     

Catalytic activity of interstellar grains: Formation of molecular hydrogen on amorphous silicates

Silicates constitute an important class of interstellar grain material and are the site of catalytic activities, most notably the formation of molecular hydrogen. Here we report an analysis of experiments conducted in the laboratory to measure the efficiency of formation of molecular hydrogen on amorphous silicates, a realistic analogue of interstellar dust grains. From the measurements, we also obtain the energetics of key processes in the reaction and information on the mechanism of reaction. Comparison with earlier measurements of molecular hydrogen formation on a sample of polycrystalline olivine shows that amorphous materials are more efficient catalysts.