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251.
Electron and proton acceleration by a super-Dreicer electric field is further investigated in a non-neutral reconnecting current
sheet (RCS) with a variable plasma density. The tangential B
z
and transverse magnetic field components B
x
are assumed to vary with the distances x and z from the X nullpoint linearly and exponentially, respectively; the longitudinal component (a ‘guiding field’) is accepted
constant. Particles are found to gain a bulk of their energy in a thin region close to the X nullpoint where the RCS density
increases with z exponentially with the index λ and the tangential magnetic field B
x
also increases with z exponentially with the index α. For the RCS with a constant density (λ = 0), the variations of the tangential magnetic field
lead to particle power-law energy spectra with the spectral indices γ1 being dependent on the exponent α as:
for protons and
for electrons in a strong guiding field (β > 10−2) and
for electrons in a moderate or weak guiding field (β > 10−4). For the RCS with an exponential density increase in the vicinity of the X nullpoint (λ≥ 0) there is a further increase
of the resulting spectral indices γ that depends on the density exponent index λ as
for protons and for electrons in weaker guiding fields and as
for electrons in stronger guiding fields. These dependencies can explain a wide variety (1.5–10) of particle spectral indices
observed in solar flares by the variations of a magnetic field topology and physical conditions in a reconnecting region.
This can be used as a diagnostic tool for the investigation of the RCS dynamics from the accelerated particle spectra found
from hard X-ray and microwave emission. 相似文献
252.
The paper presents the results of an assessment of the fuel mass penalty due to generators and fuel cell systems. Based on the simulation tool SysFuel, fuel mass penalties for different mission ranges and fuel cell architectures are calculated and compared to a conventional reference architecture. Different fuel cell architectures using ram air or cabin exhaust air and different options of energy recovery are considered. As a result of the studies, target values are presented for the mass to power ratio of fuel cell systems to achieve fuel mass reductions compared to conventional generator and auxiliary power unit systems. 相似文献
253.
254.
R.D. Bentley A. Csillaghy J. Aboudarham C. Jacquey M.A. Hapgood K. Bocchialini M. Messerotti J. Brooke P. Gallagher P. Fox N. Hurlburt D.A. Roberts L. Sanchez Duarte 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
Heliophysics is a new research field that explores the Sun–Solar System Connection; it requires the joint exploitation of solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and ionospheric observations. 相似文献
255.
N. Castelló-Mor X. Barcons L. Ballo 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
We explore the capabilities of the future space science mission IXO (International X-ray Observatory) for obtaining cosmological redshifts of distant Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) using the X-ray data only. We first find in which regions of the X-ray luminosity (LX) versus redshift (z) plane the weak but ubiquitous Fe Kα narrow emission line can deliver an accurate redshift (δz < 5%) as a function of exposure time, using a CCD-based Wide Field Imager (IXO/WFI) as the one baselined for IXO. Down to a 2–10 keV X-ray flux of 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1 IXO/WFI exposures of 100 ks, 300 ks and 1 Ms will deliver 20%, 40% and 60% of the redshifts. This means that in a typical 18′ × 18′ IXO/WFI field of view, 4, 10 and 25 redshifts will be obtained for free from the X-ray data alone, spanning a wide range up to z ∼ 2–3 and fairly sampling the real distribution. Measuring redshifts of fainter sources will indeed need spectroscopy at other wavebands. 相似文献
256.
The coronal magnetic field in the northern polar coronal hole in 1986 is predicted on the basis of the photospheric magnetic field observations and the horizontal current-current sheet coronal model (Zhao and Hoeksema, 1993). The predicted magnetic field intensity is stronger near the center of the hole than near the edge. The calculated expansion factor for the entire hole does not match the expansion factor of any flux tube in the hole, suggesting that it would not be appropriate to use the expansion factor for entire hole to represent the divergence of the flux tube in analyzing the acceleration and heating of the plasma in coronal holes. 相似文献
257.
关于域F上的向量空间V的一个性质的证明 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
李恒沛 《北京航空航天大学学报》1994,20(3):322-323
利用扩张域论述方法,证明域F上的向量空间V的一个基本性质,即在F上,V关于F的基底的元数等于维数(V:F)。 相似文献
258.
素质教育提倡科学教育与人文教育整合,以培养高素质的科技人才。而目前,我国的大学英语教学又是以理工科学生为主要对象。在这种情况下,在英语教学中加强人文教育有重要的意义。 相似文献
259.
互惠写作小组在写作教学中的运用 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
王笃勤 《华北航天工业学院学报》2001,11(1):52-54
培养良好的写作能力是大学英语教学的目标之一,但由于种种原因,写作教学一直滞后,并且通常是作业的形式。写作教学应如何开展,写作教学中应怎样体现交际的原则,怎样体现写作的过程性,本文通过实证研究初步显示,互惠写作小组有助于激发学生的兴趣,提高学生写作时的读者意识,丰富文章内容,提高写作技能,同时还有助于培养学生的合作精神。 相似文献
260.
屈建军 《西安航空技术高等专科学校学报》2002,20(4):33-35,39
孙中山晚年复归儒学,根源于其坚定的民族立场,对西方“文明”的反省,以及建设革命党和从事政党政治的需要。 相似文献