在航空载荷谱作用下2024铝合金的疲劳行为

研究了在航空载荷谱TWIST作用下2024铝合金的疲劳特性。对航空载荷谱进行简化处理,对比分析了理论推导、MATLAB程序模拟和疲劳试验给出的飞机疲劳寿命预测值,并微观观察疲劳失效断口特征,分析了失效机理。结果表明：理论推导、程序模拟和疲劳试验得到的疲劳寿命预测值分别为163800,158280和134249次飞行循环;程序模拟得到飞机巡航过程中实际阵风载荷和忽略极小波动载荷的疲劳寿命预测值分别为92314和92321次飞行循环;观察疲劳断口可以发现裂纹萌生形核起源于试验件近表面,疲劳裂纹的扩展以沿晶和穿晶两种方式进行,有明显的疲劳条带,在瞬时断裂区呈现韧窝形貌。     

某型航空发动机宽弦风扇叶片强度分析

针对某型航空发动机,考虑到离心力和气动力共同作用的影响,对该型发动机风扇叶片进行了有限元建模和强度分析,其中对气动力的加载进行了适当的简化。计算结果表明,该型叶片具有较高的静强度储备;应力集中区域在风扇叶片叶盆靠近叶根的区域,是叶片的几何形状以及离心力和气动力共同作用的结果。     

虹桥机场障碍物碰撞风险分析

研究了最后进近及复飞阶段航空器与地面障碍物之间的碰撞风险的计算方法,结合航空资料汇编中上海虹桥机场的相关信息,利用碰撞风险模型对机场的主要障碍物进行了碰撞风险计算,并分析了障碍物宽度、障碍物高度、障碍物X位移和Y位移等四个参数的变化对碰撞风险的影响。结果表明虹桥机场的障碍物碰撞风险小于安全目标水平,超障高满足要求;在一定范围内,碰撞风险随障碍物高度增大而增加,但当宽度到一个临界值后不再增加;随障碍物宽度增大而增加;随X位移增大而减小;当Y位移为0时,碰撞风险值最大。     

Aerodynamic optimization of rotor airfoil based on multi-layer hierarchical constraint method

Rotor airfoil design is investigated in this paper. There are many difficulties for this high-dimensional multi-objective problem when traditional multi-objective optimization methods are used. Therefore, a multi-layer hierarchical constraint method is proposed by coupling principal component analysis (PCA) dimensionality reduction and e-constraint method to translate the orig-inal high-dimensional problem into a bi-objective problem. This paper selects the main design objectives by conducting PCA to the preliminary solution of original problem with consideration of the priority of design objectives. According to the e-constraint method, the design model is estab-lished by treating the two top-ranking design goals as objective and others as variable constraints. A series of bi-objective Pareto curves will be obtained by changing the variable constraints, and the favorable solution can be obtained by analyzing Pareto curve spectrum. This method is applied to the rotor airfoil design and makes great improvement in aerodynamic performance. It is shown that the method is convenient and efficient, beyond which, it facilitates decision-making of the high-dimensional multi-objective engineering problem.     

飞机高温高压空气导管的振动特性研究

在分析某大型客机环境控制系统的配平子系统的基础上,基于有限元软件Patran和Nastran建立了配平系统的空气导管有限元分析模型,选用Lanczos算法,对管系进行动力学模态分析,获得了系统前五阶的频率和振型.同时,考察了气体热力学参数和球形接头作动力学参数对空气导管动力学模态特性的影响.结果表明:从频率上看,配平系统Part1在45Hz以下谐振模态分布密集.从振型上看,球形接头和滑动接头处的振型变化幅度较大;从动力学特性的影响因素来看,配平系统空气导管管系的固有频率随管内温度的增加而递减,随管内压力的增加而增加;球形接头起动力矩和刚度增大会增加各阶的固有频率.研究工作对于我国大型客机空气导管系统的可靠性设计具有参考价值.     

神经网络模型在压气机通流特性分析中的应用

为了解决通流特性分析程序中原始模型对压气机性能预测精度不足的问题,提高压气机通流特性分析过程的可靠性,基于对大量多圆弧叶栅的数值模拟结果建立了压气机叶栅性能数据库,并以该数据库为依托,采用神经网络建模方法建立了压气机叶栅基准损失系数和基准落后角模型。结果显示:两模型对叶栅基准损失系数和基准落后角的预测精度均满足工程应用要求,其精度分别为±0.002和±1°。在对采用神经网络模型的通流特性分析程序校验过程中发现,其无论对压气机整机性能还是对流动细节的预测精度上都获得了显著提高,尤其是在主流区。此外从压气机整体特性上看,基准损失系数和基准落后角精度的提高对非设计工况损失系数和落后角的预测精度影响是积极的。      

温度冲击下变截面圆孔装药的热力耦合分析

为研究温度冲击载荷对某改性双基推进剂装药结构完整性的影响,基于热力耦合基本理论,开展了不同温度下改性双基推进剂力学松弛试验,得到了不同温度下松弛模量的6阶Prony级数及以293.15K为参考温度的时温等效W.L.F(Williams-Landel-Ferry)方程.利用Ansys有限元软件对由333.15K降低至21...     

基于慢特征密度聚类的气路异常检测方法

在结合核技巧、慢特征分析算法与密度聚类方法的基础上,提出了基于混合核慢特征分析和密度聚类的慢特征密度聚类算法,实现了基于民航发动机气路参数原始值的异常检测。核技巧的引入克服了慢特征分析法处理复杂数据时可能存在的维度爆炸问题,充分利用不同核函数的特点和慢特征分析的优势从气路参数原始值中提取出随时间变化最缓慢的特征作为密度聚类算法的输入,最终筛选出异常值。经实验对比发现,该方法针对某些异常拥有最好的聚类效果和最低的虚警率,尤其是检测可调放气活门系统异常时虚警数量不到样本总数量的0.5%,是一种有效的方法。      

Structurally coupled characteristics of rotor blade using new rigid-flexible dynamic model based on geometrically exact formulation

In rotor dynamics, blades are normally modelled as a slender beam, in which elastic deformations are coupled with each other. To identify these coupling effects, new rigid-flexible structural model for helicopter rotor system is proposed in this paper. Finite rotations of the whole blade(on flapwise, lagwise, and torsional) are described as three global rigid degrees of freedom.The nonlinear deformation geometrics of the beam is built on geometrically exact beam theory.New expressions for blade ...     

Experimental investigation of shock-buffet criteria on a pitching airfoil

An experimental investigation of the shock-buffet phenomenon subject to unsteady pitching supercritical airfoil around its quarter chord has been conducted in a transonic wind tunnel. The model was equipped with pressure taps connected to the fast response pressuretransducers. Measurements were conducted at different free-stream Mach number from 0.61 to0.76. The principle goal of this investigation was to experimentally discuss the shock-buffet criterion over a SC(2)-0410 supercritical pitching ...