自适应滤波在磁暴期间地磁导航中的应用

对磁暴期间巡航导弹巡航段的地磁导航问题进行了讨论。针对地磁导航在磁暴期间常规卡尔曼滤波容易发散的问题,提出了一种基于Sage\|Husa自适应卡尔曼滤波的地磁导航算法。算法根据新息的变化自适应调整测量噪声矩阵,消除了磁暴影响,提高了滤波稳定性。仿真表明在选择合适的遗忘因子基础上,即使在磁暴最剧烈的时间段,采用自适应卡尔曼滤波仍能保证一定的精度,定位精度在200m以内,满足巡航导弹中程制导的精度要求。     

一种无源北斗/惯导闭环组合算法

提出了一种北斗卫星定位系统和惯性导航系统的组合导航无源定位算法。以伪距率为观测量,基于高稳定度用户时钟,结合北斗系统的热备份星,在三星共视下用两级卡尔曼滤波器对惯导进行闭环校正。给出了组合导航系统的构成,以及第一、二级滤波的数学模型。该法能根据收星情况在闭环与开环方式间稳定转换。仿真结果表明,此算法可提高丢星时组合导航系统的滤波定位精度,有效校正惯导的姿态误差角,并以较高的精度估计用户的三维速度。     

基于位置修正的轨迹测量方法研究

传统精密轨迹测量方法大都采用GPS、全站仪等设备,存在设备不易架设、数据不连续、对环境要求较高等缺点。针对该问题提出一种基于航位推算系统的轨迹测量方法。该方法在航位推算基础上引入了位置修正技术,通过起始点与终点坐标即可计算出系统俯仰角误差、方位角误差及里程仪标度因数误差。系统完成航位推算计算后,用求解出的系统误差对航位推算轨迹进行修正,即可获得高精度的轨迹数据。最后通过试验验证该方法可行,系统行进153m误差小于0.12m。     

Angles-only relative orbit determination in low earth orbit

The paper provides an overview of the angles-only relative orbit determination activities conducted to support the Autonomous Vision Approach Navigation and Target Identification (AVANTI) experiment. This in-orbit endeavor was carried out by the German Space Operations Center (DLR/GSOC) in autumn 2016 to demonstrate the capability to perform spaceborne autonomous close-proximity operations using solely line-of-sight measurements. The images collected onboard have been reprocessed by an independent on-ground facility for precise relative orbit determination, which served as ultimate instance to monitor the formation safety and to characterize the onboard navigation and control performances. During two months, several rendezvous have been executed, generating a valuable collection of images taken at distances ranging from 50?km to only 50?m. Despite challenging experimental conditions characterized by a poor visibility and strong orbit perturbations, angles-only relative positioning products could be continuously derived throughout the whole experiment timeline, promising accuracy at the meter level during the close approaches. The results presented in the paper are complemented with former angles-only experience gained with the PRISMA satellites to better highlight the specificities induced by different orbits and satellite designs.     

Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.     

运载火箭平台惯导系统杆臂效应对入轨精度的影响

针对运载火箭平台惯导系统杆臂效应对入轨精度的影响进行了研究和分析，并给出了仿真结果。     

“北斗”2代B1I信号导航电文分析

分析“北斗”2代卫星导航系统B1I信号的构成,说明调制在D1导航电文上的二次编码的作用,介绍导航电文的纠错编码方式和编码原理,对BCH编码的纠错原理和纠错性能进行详细分析和计算,证明了导航电文采用的纠错编码方式能满足信息传输准确性的要求.     

行星着陆复杂形貌特征匹配与自主导航研究进展

基于行星定点软着陆探测任务的需求,围绕复杂形貌行星着陆过程环境特点,首先分析了行星着陆复杂形貌特征匹配与自主导航所面临的主要技术挑战,随后综述了行星着陆复杂形貌特征匹配与自主导航的研究现状,并概括了行星着陆复杂形貌特征匹配与自主导航所涉及的关键技术。最后对未来行星着陆探测复杂形貌特征匹配与自主导航发展方向进行了展望。     

基于群相位量子化处理的新型高分辨率相位差测量方法

在群周期相位比对和群相位量子化处理的基础上,提出了一种新型高分辨率相位差测量方法。利用频率信号间群相位重合点的分布规律,在群相位重合点处建立测量闸门,将相位差的测量转化为以群周期为基础的短时间间隔测量,大大提高了系统的测量分辨率。通过公共频率源信号的引入和群相位量子化处理技术,降低了实际计数闸门开启和关闭的随机性,消除了传统测量中±1个字的计数误差,提高了短时间间隔的测量分辨率,从而有效地提高了相位差的测量分辨率。实验结果表明该方法的科学性和先进性,鉴于短时间间隔的测量分辨率可达10 -13 /s量级,通过MCU控制时间--相位差的转换,实际相位差的测量分辨率可达0.0001度,明显优于传统的相位差测量方法,同时该方法电路简单,成本低廉,在卫星导航系统主、备份原子钟之间的无缝切换、1pps信号的相位异常检测及星地间高精度时间同步方面具有广泛的应用。     

基于奇异值分解的冗余惯导系统故障诊断

为了验证奇异值分解法（SVD）存冗余惯性组件系统故障诊断中的实用性，进行了一系列的研究。以沿正十二面体对称侧面配置的六陀螺冗余惯件组件为平台，对2种基于奇异值分解的故障诊断方法进行了相心的实验，分析了不同类型故障下的故障诊断效果及其原因。实验结果证明了方法在实际应用中的有效性，2种疗法均可以正确的诊断出故障。奇异值分解法中的方法2不仅可以检测一个陀螺的故障，还可以检测2个陀螺同时发生故障的情况，有更广泛的实用价值。