发动机装药应变测试方法实验研究

介绍了用弓形传感器测试固体发动机模拟器的装药在硫化降温过程中的应变情况，并将结果与理论计算进行了对比，分析表明：实验结果与计算结果和定性分析结果附合良好，虽然在实验过程中温度控制不够严格，两种结果有一定的误差，但当温度达到基本平衡时，两种结果吻合很好。     

可视化技术在分析新型蓄冷材料——笼型化合物（Clathrate）溶解过程中的应用（一）、（二）

混浊液内部的流动，由于微粒子之间的相互作用以及因浊度高不易进行内部观察，所以无论是分析还是可视化实验都相当困难，存在着许多未弄清的问题。通过采用折射率匹配（Refractive-IndexMatching）技术，使透明的微粒子与透明的溶媒的折射率近乎相同，做成一种透明的“混浊液”，从而使混入其中的示踪粒子的运动轨迹能被摄像机捕捉到，并以微粒子的沉降和温度的干涉所引起的流动现象为焦点，利用图像速度测量法来处理分析所拍摄到的可视化图像，成功地获得了定量的混浊液内部的速度场，为进一步揭示混浊液内部自然对流的流动机理提供了实验依据。     

参量型空气折射率传感系统

本系统分别利用传感器测出空气的温度、气压和湿度三个参量,把测量值用一个通用于不同机型的接口电路连接到微机进行数据处理并计算出空气折射率值。文中叙述了传感器及其检测电路的设计原理,给出了检测和接口电路框图、计算公式和程序流程图。整个系统已通过联机调试和初步的对比试验。     

Exploration and implementation of commonality valuation method in commercial aircraft family design

Commercial aircraft family design can reduce development costs, shorten development cycles, and expand the market coverage of aircraft. Commercial aircraft family development has become one of the most important features of modern aircraft design. This paper explores the effects of commonality on different aircraft models in a commercial aircraft family. The existing product commonality indexes are summarized and their limitations in the application to aircraft design are discussed. Then a new component commonality index is proposed based on the component decomposition structure. A model for calculating the aircraft program value is established,which considers development costs, manufacturing costs, sale price, operation costs and residual costs. The effects of aircraft commonality on time and economic costs of both development and manufacturing, and on sale price, are analyzed and quantified. The commonality evaluation strategy is obtained, which features comprehensive consideration of the aircraft program value and time costs. The break-even analysis of aircraft is proceeded on the basis of costs and price data. By using a real option method, the strategy considers the uncertainty of the aircraft program and the flexibility of the manufacturer. This strategy proves to be rational and applicable to aircraft design based on the calculation of three examples and the analysis of parameter sensitivity.     

基于脑电功率谱密度的作业人员脑力负荷评估方法

脑力负荷状态的准确识别对减少因作业人员无效脑力负荷导致的人因事故具有重要意义。针对人-机系统中作业人员脑力负荷客观评估问题开展了基于MATB-Ⅱ平台的3种不同脑力负荷水平下的航空情境实验，记录16名被试的NASA任务负荷指数（NASA-TLX）量表数据和脑电（EEG）信号，提出了一种基于脑电功率谱密度（PSD）和支持向量机（SVM）的个体脑力负荷评估方法。结果表明：随着实验设计脑力负荷水平增加，被试的主观脑力负荷得分显著提高（p<0.001），这表明该实验任务设计较好地诱发了低负荷、中负荷和高负荷情境。在此基础上，通过网格搜索法确定个体脑力负荷评估模型的统一优化参数，惩罚系数取3 000，核函数参数取0.000 1，模型测试正确率达到0.966 5±0.029 8，宏平均的受试者工作特征曲线下的面积（Macro-AUC）达到0.991 0±0.011 4。本文为作业人员脑力负荷状态的客观和准确评估提供了一种新的办法，为后期作业人员脑力负荷状态的实时判别提供模型基础。     

An improved approach for rainfall estimation over Indian summer monsoon region using Kalpana-1 data

In this paper, an improved Kalpana-1 infrared (IR) based rainfall estimation algorithm, specific to Indian summer monsoon region is presented. This algorithm comprises of two parts: (i) development of Kalpana-1 IR based rainfall estimation algorithm with improvement for orographic warm rain underestimation generally suffered by IR based rainfall estimation methods and (ii) cooling index to take care of the growth and decay of clouds and thereby improving the precipitation estimation.     

A new structural reliability index based on uncertainty theory

The classical probabilistic reliability theory and fuzzy reliability theory cannot directly measure the uncertainty of structural reliability with uncertain variables,i.e.,subjective random and fuzzy variables.In order to simultaneously satisfy the duality of randomness and subadditivity of fuzziness in the reliability problem,a new quantification method for the reliability of structures is presented based on uncertainty theory,and an uncertainty-theory-based perspective of classical Cornell reliability index is explored.In this paper,by introducing the uncertainty theory,we adopt the uncertain measure to quantify the reliability of structures for the subjective probability or fuzzy variables,instead of probabilistic and possibilistic measures.We utilize uncertain variables to uniformly represent the subjective random and fuzzy parameters,based on which we derive solutions to analyze the uncertainty reliability of structures with uncertainty distributions.Moreover,we propose the Cornell uncertainty reliability index based on the uncertain expected value and variance.Experimental results on three numerical applications demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.     

α-l型区间可靠性分析方法及其工程应用

在区间非概率可靠性模型的基础上,以区间长度l和区间下限α为结构系统变量的输入参数,重新定义了一种新的可靠性指标,分析得到了这种可靠性分析方法的判定依据;在此基础上,在线性和非线性条件下讨论了结构可靠度的计算方法.以某型飞机防冰引气管结构为例,进一步探讨了所提方法在共振可靠性分析当中的工程应用.     

点目标假设下的二维精度体系研究

点目标假设下,在二维圆概率偏差线性公式的基础上,给出了基于纵横向均方根误差分段的精确公式。同时应用概率论正态分布理论,对二维情况下均方根误差、圆概率偏差和概率偏差的相互关系进行了研究,通过理论推导和数值计算给出了二维精度指标相互转换的拟合公式,完善了满足工程应用的二维精度体系。研究结果可在精度指标的论证、设计和考核中使用。     

民用飞机维修性参数选取和指标确定方法研究

民用飞机维修性参数选取和指标确定是维修性设计的基础工作之一,为了反映出民用飞机的维修性、运营费用和维修人力等方面的目标,需要选择合适的维修性参数并确定维修性指标。国产民用飞机由于缺少研制经验和设计资料,无法使用成熟方法进行维修性参数选取和指标确定,针对这一问题进行研究。结合民用飞机的设计特点阐述了民用飞机维修性参数的选取方法,通过综合权衡民用飞机设计中各影响因素和维修性参数有效性,从与维修时间相关、与维修工时相关、与维修成本相关的三类参数中选取适当的民用飞机维修性参数。针对民用飞机设计现状,明确维修性指标的确定依据和具有实用性的方法,以使民用飞机具有良好的维修性。解决了国产民用飞机维修性参数选取和指标确定工作无参考依据的问题,为民用飞机维修性参数选取和指标确定提供了一条可行途径。