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排序方式: 共有101条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
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Katrin Paulsen Svantje Tauber Nadine Goelz Dana Michaela Simmet Stephanie Engeli Maria Birlem Claudia Dumrese Anissja Karer Sandra Hunziker Josefine Biskup Shalimar Konopasek Durie Suh Eva Hürlimann Christoph Signer Anna Wang Chen Sang Karl-Heinrich Grote Fengyuan Zhuang Oliver Ullrich 《Acta Astronautica》2014
During spaceflight the immune system is one of the most affected systems of the human body. During the SIMBOX (Science in Microgravity Box) mission on Shenzhou-8, we investigated microgravity-associated long-term alterations in macrophageal cells, the most important effector cells of the immune system. We analyzed the effect of long-term microgravity on the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules. Human U937 cells were differentiated into a macrophageal phenotype and exposed to microgravity or 1g on a reference centrifuge on-orbit for 5 days. After on-orbit fixation, the samples were analyzed with immunocytochemical staining and confocal microscopy after landing. The unmanned Shenzhou-8 spacecraft was launched on board a Long March 2F (CZ-2F) rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) and landed after a 17-day-mission. We found a severely disturbed actin cytoskeleton, disorganized tubulin and distinctly reduced expression of CD18, CD36 and MHC-II after the 5 days in microgravity. The disturbed cytoskeleton, the loss of surface receptors for bacteria recognition, the activation of T lymphocytes, the loss of an important scavenger receptor and of antigen-presenting molecules could represent a dysfunctional macrophage phenotype. This phenotype in microgravity would be not capable of migrating or recognizing and attacking pathogens, and it would no longer activate the specific immune system, which could be investigated in functional assays. Obviously, the results have to be interpreted with caution as the model system has some limitations and due to numerous technical and biological restrictions (e.g. 23 °C and no CO2 supply during in-flight incubation). All parameter were carefully pre-tested on ground. Therefore, the experiment could be adapted to the experimental conditions available on Shenzhou-8. 相似文献
73.
靶场外弹道测量系统最优布站方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
外弹道测量系统最优布站是靶场的一项重要工作。描述了布站优化目 标函数和约束条件,阐述了基于遗传算法的求解过程,对距离距离变化率测量系统进行了优 化布站,结果表明该算法可用于外测系统的优化布站设计,为靶场测量系统优化布站提供了 一种新的方法。 相似文献
74.
H. Cottin P. Coll D. Coscia N. Fray Y.Y. Guan F. Macari F. Raulin C. Rivron F. Stalport C. Szopa D. Chaput M. Viso M. Bertrand A. Chabin L. Thirkell F. Westall A. Brack 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments. 相似文献
75.
76.
F. Yatagai M. Honma A. Ukai K. Omori H. Suzuki T. Shimazu A. Takahashi T. Ohnishi N. Dohmae N. Ishioka 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
In view of the concern for the health of astronauts that may one day journey to Mars or the Moon, we investigated the effect that space radiation and microgravity might have on DNA damage and repair. We sent frozen human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells to the International Space Station where they were maintained under frozen conditions during a 134-day mission (14 November 2008 to 28 March 2009) except for an incubation period of 8 days under 1G or μG conditions in a CO2 incubator. The incubation period started after 100 days during which the cells had been exposed to 54 mSv of space radiation. The incubated cells were then refrozen, returned to Earth, and compared to ground control samples for the determination of the influence of microgravity on cell survival and mutation induction. The results for both varied from experiment to experiment, yielding a large SD, but the μG sample results differed significantly from the 1G sample results for each of 2 experiments, with the mean ratio of μG to 1G being 0.55 for the concentration of viable cells and 0.59 for the fraction of thymidine kinase deficient (TK−) mutants. Among the mutants, non-loss of zygosity events (point mutations) were less frequent (31%) after μG incubation than after 1G incubation, which might be explained by the influence of μG on cellular metabolic or physiological function. Additional experiments are needed to clarify the effect of μG interferes on DNA repair. 相似文献
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78.
Alexandre Belli Nikita P. Zelensky Frank G. Lemoine Douglas S. Chinn 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(3):930-944
Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) is a tracking technique based on a one-way ground to space Doppler link. For Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, DORIS shows a robust capability in terms of data coverage and availability, due to a wide and well-distributed ground network, where data are made available by the International Doris Service (IDS). However, systematic errors remain in the DORIS data, such as instabilities of the on-board clock due to radiation encountered in space, which limit the accurate determination of station positions.The DORIS on-board clock frequency stability is degraded by the increased radiation found in the region of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) and has been shown to degrade station position estimation. This paper introduces a new model correction to the DORIS data for the frequency of the Jason-2 Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO), derived from the Time Transfer by Laser Link (T2L2) experiment (Belli and Exertier, 2018). We show that a multi-satellite DORIS solution including this T2L2-corrected data applied to the frequency modelling for The DORIS data, improves the estimation of station coordinates. We show the tie residuals with respect to collocated GPS stations are improved by several millimeters. We also demonstrate that the 117-day (Jason-2) draconitic signal in the geophysical parameters is reduced, implying that the origin of this signal is not just solar radiation pressure mis-modeling, but also radiation-induced clock perturbations on the Jason-2 DORIS Ultra-Stable-Oscillator (USO). Finally we demonstrate through comparisons with the International Earth Rotations and Reference Systems Service (IERS) C04 series for Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), that the estimation of EOP is improved in both a Jason-2 DORIS-only and a multi-satellite DORIS solution for EOP. 相似文献
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