Longitudinal variations of geomagnetic and ionospheric parameters in the Northern Hemisphere during magnetic storms according to multi-instrument observations

We present a joint analysis of longitude-temporal variations of ionospheric and geomagnetic parameters at middle and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere during the two severe magnetic storms in March and June 2015 by using data from the chains of magnetometers, ionosondes and GPS/GLONASS receivers. We identify the fixed longitudinal zones where the variability of the magnetic field is consistently high or low under quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions. The revealed longitudinal structure of the geomagnetic field variability in quiet geomagnetic conditions is caused by the discrepancy of the geographic and magnetic poles and by the spatial anomalies of different scales in the main magnetic field of the Earth. Variations of ionospheric parameters are shown to exhibit a pronounced longitudinal inhomogeneity with changing geomagnetic conditions. This inhomogeneity is associated with the longitudinal features of background and disturbed structure of the geomagnetic field. During the recovery phase of a storm, important role in dynamics of the mid-latitude ionosphere may belong to wave-like thermospheric disturbances of molecular gas, propagating westward for several days. Therefore, it is necessary to extend the time interval for studying the ionospheric effects of strong magnetic storms by a few days after the end of the magnetospheric source influence, while the disturbed regions in the thermosphere continues moving westward and causes the electron density decrease along the trajectories of propagation.     

微推力ECR离子推力器等离子体源电子获能计算分析

为满足小型航天器的微推进需求,开展了微推力电子回旋共振(ECR)离子推力器的计算研究。实现该推力器的关键是ECR等离子体源合理的磁场和电场分布数值计算,从而使电子在穿过ECR谐振区时能够获得最大能量。为此以双环形永磁材料结构作为磁路,分别以直线形、环形和盘形微波耦合天线产生微波电磁场,同时改变等离子体源特征长度,利用有限元软件计算并分析ECR等离子体源内磁场和微波电场的分布规律以及电子在ECR区的获能规律。结果以微波输入功率5W、频率4.2GHz为例,发现环形耦合天线与较短等离子体源特征长度的结构组合可使电子在ECR区的获能指标达到最大且分布最佳。     

民用飞机翼身整流罩区域温度场分析研究及影响

现代民用飞机机身结构大量采用复合材料,但因其遇到高温时会变软,耐热性较差,这就对复合材料周围的环境温度提出了新的要求。以某型飞机的空调组件安装区域进行温度场CFD计算,分析了安装区内的高温部件对机身复合材料结构的影响。为了防止机身复合材料被高温部件烫伤,在高温部件的上方安装隔热板同时进行局部通风冷却,并对相应的工况进行CFD计算对比。     

吸附式压气机叶栅端壁流场油流实验研究及数值分析

设计加工了压气机叶栅端壁试验件,安置在吸附式叶栅中间通道50%叶展处,用来研究无马蹄涡影响的端壁流场。通过油流显示方法得到了其在设计点4种抽吸流量下的近壁面流线分布。在抽吸缝所在相对弦长处,沿节距方向等距测取了8个试验件壁面静压值。应用Fine/Turbo软件包,采用全通道网格在设计点进行了数值计算,对试验件端壁流场进行补充分析,较好地解释了实验现象。研究发现,吸附式压气机原始叶栅端壁处的马蹄涡压力面分支未与叶型吸力面交汇,因此消除马蹄涡影响的近端壁油流试验件叶型表面负荷水平的提升主要来自于前段弦长范围内,在前40%轴向范围内叶型负荷平均提高了15.5%,并且叶型负荷随着抽吸流量的增加而增加,抽吸效率随着抽吸流量的增加而降低。在数值计算中,通过前缘处近壁面熵分布等值线最小值连线证实了油流实验中测得的角度θ客观上反映了前缘扰动区的作用范围。     

Effect of boundary conditions on downstream vorticity from counter-rotating swirlers

Particle image velocimetry(PIV) is utilized to measure the non-reacting flow field in a reflow combustor with multiple and single swirlers. The velocity field, vortex structure and total vorticity levels are experimentally obtained using two different boundary conditions, representing a single confined swirler and multiple swirlers in an annular combustor. The influence of the boundary conditions on the flow field at several locations downstream of the swirlers is experimentally investigated, showing that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is more concentrated than in the single-swirler case. The vorticity of the central vortex and average cross-sectional vorticity are relatively low at the swirler outlet in both cases. Both of these statistics gradually increase to the maximum values near 20 mm downstream of the swirler outlet, and subsequently decrease. It is also found that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is consistently greater than the single-swirler case. These results demonstrate the critical influence of boundary conditions on flow characteristic of swirling flow, providing insight into the difference of the experiments on testbed combustor and the full-scale annular combustors.     

防热试验用高温超声速燃气流场热环境分析

对用于防热系统试验考核的高温超声速燃气流场的流场结构和热环境特性进行了计算和分析.将CFD模拟方法与工程计算方法相结合,对两类锥形喷管形成的燃气流场进行了数值模拟计算和流场结构分析,并与试验过程中高速拍摄的图片进行了比对.利用模拟得到的流场气动参数,计算了沿流场轴向位置球头驻点模型的热流和压力,并与试验测量数据进行了对比,结果吻合较好.锥形喷管形成压缩波和膨胀波交替的流场结构,导致流场气动参数与模型热流和压力形成正弦变化的特点.     

磁悬浮柔性转子系统变学习速率单神经元PID控制

磁悬浮轴承柔性转子系统的转速范围较大,固定的控制参数很难同时保证系统所需的低频和高频特性。本文在一般单神经元PID控制的基础上,将转速信号引入磁悬浮轴承数字控制器,在不同转速段选择不同的学习速率以调节控制参数得到合适的磁悬浮轴承的刚度和阻尼。试验结果表明,变学习速率单神经元自适应PID控制能够明显减小转子在各阶临界转速时的振幅,有助于磁悬浮轴承柔性转子系统的安全稳定运行。     

压力对Fe_（16）N_2结构和磁性的影响

用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,系统地研究了压力对Fe16N2体系结构和磁性的影响。结果表明仅仅离N位最远的Fe Ⅲ拥有一个约为2.84μB的大磁矩,而FeⅠ和Fe Ⅱ原子没有大磁矩产生。此外,还发现从0到47 GPa,总磁矩和单胞体积随着压力的增加单调减小,然而,在48 GPa的压力作用下,伴随着单胞体积的剧减,体系总磁矩消失。     

V形尾缘分开排气喷管喷流流场的数值模拟

采用二阶迎风离散格式并选用RNG(renormalization group)k-ε湍流模型,对轴对称分开排气喷管和核心喷管上采用V形尾缘的分开排气喷管的喷流流场进行三维数值模拟.结果表明,相对基准轴对称分开排气喷管,V形尾缘一方面引入了流向涡,另一方面增加了核心喷流与风扇喷流之间的混合层长度,强化了喷流的混合,有效地...     

二元保形非对称膨胀喷管流场特性

利用数值模拟方法对一种与无人飞行器后体一体化设计的二元保形大宽高比非对称膨胀喷管在地面状态的流场特性进行了研究,获得了尾喷管推力性能和三维流动特征随落压比的变化趋势.结果表明:虽然二元保形非对称膨胀喷管沿横向存在非等强度膨胀,但在研究范围内最佳落压比仍主要取决于上方短膨胀面结束位置面积与喉道面积之比;沿横向不等强度膨胀...