拐点平滑滤波技术研究

提出了滤波算法的一种新的有效点判断原则,即拐点平滑法;介绍了该技术的数学模型及滤波原理;通过仿真计算,探讨了应用该判据时滤波半径、拟合阶次等滤波参数对位置参数滤波结果的影响情况,并进行了实测数据解算。该判据在中心平滑算法的最佳应用条件下,综合考虑了截断误差,提高了飞行器位置参数的滤波精度,尤其适用于加速度剧烈变化的飞行轨迹。     

结合经验模态分解的振动信号趋势项提取方法

提出一种结合经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）的振动信号趋势项提取方法。利用EMD将信号分解为一系列固有模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF）,根据振动信号过零点特性,对属于趋势项的IMF分量进行判别,并对判别为趋势项的IMF分量进一步利用最小二乘法进行趋势项拟舍,将拟合结果求和作为最终趋势项。数值模拟试验和实测数据处理结果表明,这一方法无需假设趋势项类型,且可不受EMD过程中模态混叠和端点效应的影响,使趋势项提取更为准确。     

自适应滤波技术的研究

应用常规卡尔曼滤波器(KF)要求知道系统精确的数学模型和系统噪声与量测噪声的统计特性,才能获得理想的滤波效果,否则可能产生发散现象。人们越来越倾向于利用自适应滤波(AKF)技术来解决发散的问题。针对AKF技术的研究现状,本文探讨一种结构简单、实时性较强、工程上比较实用的AKF算法。仿真结果表明,这种算法具有较强的自适应性,为一种实用而有效的滤波方法。     

基于CMAC的伺服系统控制研究

针对高精度伺服系统中存在的非线性和各种不确定性因素,提出了基于小脑模型神经网络的复合控制方法,控制器由前馈控制器、比例微分控制器(PD)和小脑模型神经网络控制器(CMAC)构成,该方法在传统的PD+前馈控制方法上加入了CMAC神经网络算法的快速学习,精确逼近的优点,既保证了快速实时跟踪,又进一步提高了跟踪精度。实验结果证明,用CMAC控制方法后系统的跟踪精度比PD＋前馈控制方法提高近一个数量级,同时该方法对摩擦引起的波形畸变有很好的抑制作用,仿真和实验研究表明了该方法的可行性和有效性,并能满足实时性要求,对提高伺服系统的高精度动态跟踪性能有很好的工程参考价值。     

光电信息传输技术研究

文章对光电信息传输技术进行了研究，介绍了一种光电信息传输装置的组成和工作原理，并对其关键技术进行了分析。     

建筑设计中的生态思维与对策

可持续发展问题是全人类共同面对的问题，该问题的核心又是人的行为与环境的关系问题，然而作为人类社会活动的重要组成部分，建筑在与环境的关系问题上长期以来走了一条弯路。如果情况再这样发展下去将会造成无法挽回的损失，扭转这种局面不仅是建筑师不可推卸的责任，也是时代向建筑师提出的挑战。要应对挑战，建筑师第一应具有清醒的头脑，第二还应掌握有效的方法。     

一种基于Particle Filter的攻击目标高度估计算法

利用目标高度估计确定目标攻击要害点是精确制导武器信息处理中的一个重要内容。传统方法主要有直接利用几何方法估计和扩展卡尔曼滤波器方法,这两种方法精度都不高。Partic le F ilter是一种新出现的滤波方法,在解决非线性问题中得到了广泛应用。利用Partic le F ilter设计了一种新的目标高度估计算法。该算法通过贝叶斯递推方法,避免了在测量方程非线性很强的时候,扩展卡尔曼滤波器不合理的线性化所带来的误差。仿真结果表明,这种基于Partic le F ilter的目标高度估计算法提高了估计精度和收敛的鲁棒性。     

空间直角坐标系与先天八卦图的关联

几何学与代数学的起源;先天八卦的来源;笛卡儿的贡献;莱布尼兹从八卦里受到的启发;数轴与太极的关系,平面直角坐标系与两仪生四象的关系,在空间平面直角坐标系上建立正八面体,表示出先天八卦图的空间立体形状;空间直角坐标系与先天八卦图对应对称关系的一致性。应将“先天八卦图”申报为我国非物质文化遗产。     

Adaptive Square-Root Cubature–Quadrature Kalman Particle Filter for satellite attitude determination using vector observations

A novel algorithm is presented in this study for estimation of spacecraft?s attitudes and angular rates from vector observations. In this regard, a new cubature–quadrature particle filter (CQPF) is initially developed that uses the Square-Root Cubature–Quadrature Kalman Filter (SR-CQKF) to generate the importance proposal distribution. The developed CQPF scheme avoids the basic limitation of particle filter (PF) with regards to counting the new measurements. Subsequently, CQPF is enhanced to adjust the sample size at every time step utilizing the idea of confidence intervals, thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of the newly proposed adaptive CQPF (ACQPF). In addition, application of the q-method for filter initialization has intensified the computation burden as well. The current study also applies ACQPF to the problem of attitude estimation of a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite. For this purpose, the undertaken satellite is equipped with a three-axis magnetometer (TAM) as well as a sun sensor pack that provide noisy geomagnetic field data and Sun direction measurements, respectively. The results and performance of the proposed filter are investigated and compared with those of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and the standard particle filter (PF) utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation. The comparison demonstrates the viability and the accuracy of the proposed nonlinear estimator.     

Filters for manufacturability in design optimization of variable stiffness composites

In the design optimization of variable stiffness composites, manufacturing constraints imposed by the automated fiber placement technology must be considered. In the present paper, two filters are proposed to address this issue, and they are incorporated into the Shepard interpolation-based design optimization framework developed in our previous studies. The fiber angle arrangement of a composite is represented by a continuous function that interpolates fiber angles at scattered design points. Two filters are appointed for each design point to deal with two typical manufacturing constraints, i.e., fiber curvature and gap/overlap. At each design point, the sensitivity is first filtered in a rectangular region around this point, and by this means the fiber curvature is controlled; then in another rectangular region around this design point, the filtered sensitivities are averaged, and the result is used to update the corresponding design variable. Several numerical examples are investigated, and the results show that the proposed method is effective.