基于平滑滤波与最小二乘支持向量机的指纹图像识别研究

平滑滤波能抑制或消除噪声,获得高质量的图像。建立了完整的指纹识别系统,通过预处理、特征提取和分类识别3个过程,实现了指纹的分类识别;研究了预处理过程中的滤波增强方法,比较了邻域平均、高斯平滑和中值滤波的处理效果;在识别阶段采用最小二乘支持向量机,进行指纹识别实验,并对实验结果进行了比较。     

广义Hilbert变换及其滤波器的设计

广义Hilbert变换将传统的Hilbert变换由整数阶向分数阶的推广,其应用领域也得到了扩展。文章主要研究设计广义Hilbert滤波器时,窗函数的选择问题以及对滤波器的误差进行分析,并给出了分析结果。     

挠性卫星姿态快速机动控制

挠性卫星在快速机动中既要满足快速性要求, 又要抑制挠性附件产生的振动。文章提出了一种基于非约束模态方程的方波序列控制方法, 并给出了最小机动时间的方波规划方法。该方法不仅保证机动后无余振, 而且满足最快机动的要求; 此外, 由于控制输出为方波, 因而适合卫星的喷气推力器控制模式和飞轮控制模式, 最后通过数字仿真验证了方波序列控制的有效性。     

A Partially Orthogonal EnKF approach to atmospheric density estimation using orbital debris

A key requirement for accurate trajectory prediction and space situational awareness is knowledge of how non-conservative forces affect space object motion. These forces vary temporally and spatially, and are driven by the underlying behavior of space weather particularly in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Existing trajectory prediction algorithms adjust space weather models based on calibration satellite observations. However, lack of sufficient data and mismodeling of non-conservative forces cause inaccuracies in space object motion prediction, especially for uncontrolled debris objects. The uncontrolled nature of debris objects makes them particularly sensitive to the variations in space weather. Our research takes advantage of this behavior by utilizing observations of debris objects to infer the space environment parameters influencing their motion.The hypothesis of this research is that it is possible to utilize debris objects as passive, indirect sensors of the space environment. We focus on estimating atmospheric density and its spatial variability to allow for more precise prediction of LEO object motion. The estimated density is parameterized as a grid of values, distributed by latitude and local sidereal time over a spherical shell encompassing Earth at a fixed altitude of 400 km. The position and velocity of each debris object are also estimated. A Partially Orthogonal Ensemble Kalman Filter (POEnKF) is used for assimilation of space object measurements to estimate density.For performance comparison, the scenario characteristics (number of objects, measurement cadence, etc.) are based on a sensor tasking campaign executed for the High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model project. The POEnKF analysis details spatial comparisons between the true and estimated density fields, and quantifies the improved accuracy in debris object motion predictions due to more accurate drag force models from density estimates. It is shown that there is an advantage to utilizing multiple debris objects instead of just one object. Although the work presented here explores the POEnKF performance when using information from only 16 debris objects, the research vision is to utilize information from all routinely observed debris objects. Overall, the filter demonstrates the ability to estimate density to within a threshold of accuracy dependent on measurement/sensor error. In the case of a geomagnetic storm, the filter is able to track the storm and provide more accurate density estimates than would be achieved using a simple exponential atmospheric density model or MSIS Atmospheric Model (when calm conditions are assumed).     

光电信息传输技术研究

文章对光电信息传输技术进行了研究，介绍了一种光电信息传输装置的组成和工作原理，并对其关键技术进行了分析。     

基于最小二乘法的GPS故障星辨识新方法研究

在最小二乘故障检测的基础上,提出了一种在最小二乘法残差向量ω的似然函数基础上推导出故障卫星辨识的新方法。采用该方法针对GPS卫星中可能出现的突发性故障以及斜坡形软故障进行了仿真实验。结果表明,该故障卫星辨识方法能够准确地辨识出故障卫星并将其实时剔除,星座重构后能够使GPS的定位莰差处于正常的范围内。     

基于CMAC的伺服系统控制研究

针对高精度伺服系统中存在的非线性和各种不确定性因素,提出了基于小脑模型神经网络的复合控制方法,控制器由前馈控制器、比例微分控制器(PD)和小脑模型神经网络控制器(CMAC)构成,该方法在传统的PD+前馈控制方法上加入了CMAC神经网络算法的快速学习,精确逼近的优点,既保证了快速实时跟踪,又进一步提高了跟踪精度。实验结果证明,用CMAC控制方法后系统的跟踪精度比PD＋前馈控制方法提高近一个数量级,同时该方法对摩擦引起的波形畸变有很好的抑制作用,仿真和实验研究表明了该方法的可行性和有效性,并能满足实时性要求,对提高伺服系统的高精度动态跟踪性能有很好的工程参考价值。     

自调节模拟低通滤波器的研究

通过对有源低通滤波器,频率/电压转换器AD650及其变容二极管的特性分析,提出由信号频率来自调节有源低通滤波器截止频率的新设计方案,并对其可行性进行了分析和研究。     

双线程滑动窗口多系统GNSS超快精密定轨实现及评估

全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）超快精密定轨为GNSS实时应用提供了高精度空间基准。基于天地协同定位、导航与授时（PNT）网络服务中心实现了四系统GNSS卫星超快精密定轨,并对定轨结果进行精度评价。介绍了天地协同PNT网络的概念内涵以及网络服务中心部署的超快精密定轨软件架构和详细功能,并针对实时应用需求提出了一种双线程滑动窗口超快精密定轨策略。最后利用重叠弧段比较、与外部轨道产品比较以及卫星激光测距（SLR）检核3种方式对定轨结果进行了精度评价。结果表明,与武汉大学分析中心的最终事后精密轨道产品相比,四系统GNSS MEO卫星预报6 h弧段的径向均方根（RMS）误差整体在2~5 cm水平,BDS2 IGSO卫星最小一维RMS误差在10~15 cm水平;GPS和Galileo卫星的SLR检核残差均值在1~3 cm水平,标准差在3~6 cm水平,能够满足后续厘米级实时应用对空间基准的精度需求。     

自均衡类椭圆函数滤波器

文章介绍了通信卫星转发器中使用的自均衡类椭圆函数滤波器的设计方法,这种滤波器采用了四腔双模列式结构,实现了一个虚轴和一个实轴传输零点对的传输特性。因此,它在带外衰减与带内幅度特性和带内群时延特性之间有了一个较好的折中。对实验室模型滤波器进行了电性能的测试,其结果表明已经达到了预期的设计目的。