高架运输索道的静力分析

根据柔索应变与位移的非线性几何关系以及自重作用与温度影响下的平衡方程,采用欧拉描述的坐标系统精确地求得了各点的位移和张力的一般解。由高架运输索道静力问题建立的非线性代数方程组应用改进的Powell混合算法编制的高精度DNEQNF程序直接进行求解。在例题中计算了索道在两端各种高度、跨度以及温度不同的情形并进行了分析。用本文的方法对高度相同的索道问题与其他学者用不同方法得到的结果进行了对比和讨论。     

弹性变形对柔性飞艇气动特性的影响

设计加工具有相同几何外形的刚性飞艇模型和可变内压的柔性飞艇模型,并进行了低速风洞实验。研究了内压变化对柔性模型阻力和俯仰力矩特性的影响,比较了柔性模型和刚性模型气动特性的差异。实验结果表明,随着内压的增加柔性模型的阻力呈下降趋势;对于具有相同几何外形的柔性和刚性模型,柔性模型的阻力明显大于刚性模型;刚性模型的尾翼对俯仰力矩的影响较大。     

高温下拉伸保载对DD6单晶合金低周疲劳行为的影响

对[001]取向的DD6单晶合金在760℃和980℃两个温度下的低周疲劳行为进行了研究。结果表明,拉伸保载使得两个温度下的低周疲劳寿命都有不同程度的降低;在蠕变／疲劳过程中,DD6合金的微观变形机制主要表现为基体中的位错以位错对的形式切入γ'粒子中,而拉伸峰值中的保载使得切入γ'粒子中的位错有较充分的时间长大。     

非结构变形网格和离散几何守恒律

数值模拟流固耦合问题或多体分离问题的非定常流动时,常采用基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉（ALE）方程的有限体积法,涉及到变形网格和离散几何守恒律。在对变形网格算法进行综述时,按照构造思想分为物理比拟、椭圆光顺、插值、运动子网格（MSA）及其混合法共5类,分别介绍了基本原理、研究现状和适用范围,通过算例比较表明,径向基函数（RBFs）和运动子网格相结合的混合方法既有很好的变形能力,也有较高的计算效率,值得进一步发展和推广。在介绍了离散几何守恒律（DGCL）概念之后,采用二维几何模型进行分析,指出其机理是离散过程中体积增量与网格面元扫过的体积不相等造成的,把目前国内外应用的算法分为面积修正法、给定速度的面积修正法、速度修正法和体积修正法共4类,对其应用范围和存在的问题进行讨论,认为提出的体积修正算法既可以保证流固界面条件,也可以用于时间多层格式。     

Integrated passage design based on extended free-form deformation and adjoint optimization

Inspired by the three-dimensional design of flow passages in turbomachinery, this study proposes the concept of integrated passage design. The capability of adjoint method for efficient optimization and the flexibility of the parameterization method based on extended free-form deformation have been considered to develop a feasible approach to design an integrated passage. This concept was applied to redesign a typical transonic fan, Rotor 67, and the results were analyzed by CFX. It is shown that the passage was adequately adjusted in all three dimensions and reduced the strength of shock wave and wake-induced flow. In particular, the secondary flow was appropriately reorganized and the corner separation was well controlled in the end wall region, leading to significant improvements in adiabatic efficiency and diffusion.     

棘轮和蠕变条件下材料的附加塑性变形行为研究

针对316L不锈钢进行大量单轴棘轮和蠕变试验研究,对材料在棘轮和蠕变作用下的塑性变形行为以及变形量进行比较和分析.分析发现,材料棘轮和蠕变变形行为之间存在一些相似规律,而且相同试验时间下蠕变变形高于棘轮变形.在持续应力作用下,材料的附加塑性变形与作用应力间体现出上凸的抛物线规律,附加塑性变形先随应力的增长而升高,达到峰值后又逐渐减小.最后,根据这种上凸的抛物线规律提出相应的本构描述方程.     

SNAP－THROUGH OF LAMINATED ORTHOTROPIC SHALLOW SPHERICAL IMPERFECT SHELLS WITH TRANSVERSE SHEAR

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长期贮存对卫星典型结构件的形变影响分析

某大型卫星经历了长期的地面贮存,从结构生产完成至卫星发射历时9年。文章提取此卫星承力筒、结构板的工程数据,与同类型其他卫星的数据进行对比分析,总结出长期贮存后卫星承力筒和典型结构板——对地板的形变规律,并探讨影响结构变形的原因。研究结果可为后续卫星的贮存设计、贮存试验以及贮存后影响分析提供指导和借鉴。     

基于NURBS曲面的轴变形方法

对基于ＮＵＲＢＳ曲面提出一种轴变形方法。该方法首先定义一条轴线，使物体上每一点与轴上一点对应，然后通过操纵轴的变形来变形物体。该方法用于三维人体模型的建立取得满意效果。     

Study of seasonal and long-term vertical deformation in Nepal based on GPS and GRACE observations

Lithospheric deformation signal can be detected by combining data from continuous global positioning system (CGPS) and satellite observations from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). In this paper, we use 2.5- to 19-year-long time series from 35 CGPS stations to estimate vertical deformation rates in Nepal, which is located in the southern side of the Himalaya. GPS results were compared with GRACE observations. Principal component analysis was conducted to decompose the time series into three-dimensional principal components (PCs) and spatial eigenvectors. The top three high-order PCs were calculated to correct common mode errors. Both GPS and GRACE observations showed significant seasonal variations. The observed seasonal GPS vertical variations are in good agreement with those from the GRACE-derived results, particularly for changes in surface pressure, non-tidal oceanic mass loading, and hydrologic loading. The GPS-observed rates of vertical deformation obtained for the region suggest both tectonic impact and mass decrease. The rates of vertical crustal deformation were estimated by removing the GRACE-derived hydrological vertical rates from the GPS measurements. Most of the sites located in the southern part of the Main Himalayan Thrust subsided, whereas the northern part mostly showed an uplift. These results may contribute to the understanding of secular vertical crustal deformation in Nepal.