大型客机起落架总体方案设计软件开发与利用 大型客机起落架总体方案设计软件开发与应用

采用数字化工程的方法将先前起落架总体方案设计人员的经验有效地进行存储。运用VisualC++和Oracle开发了大型客机起落架总体方案设计软件,以快速确定大型客机起落架的总体设计方案。收集整理国内外现有大型客机起落架的布局和结构形式,建立大型客机起落架布局和结构形式库、大型客机起落架缓冲系统范例库和大型客机起落架收放形式范例库。针对起落架总体设计参数的确定建立了伴随知识库并进行了工程算法研究。软件满足用户需要,达到提高飞机及起落架设计质量、缩短研制周期的目的。     

概念设计阶段起落架接地点设计

针对现代民用飞机设计特点,尤其是某些新技术的应用和飞机系列化发展的需求,在充分吸收和借鉴传统飞机概念设计阶段起落架设计方法的基础上,从工程应用角度出发,总结并提出一套现代民用飞机概念设计阶段起落架接地点设计流程及方法。同时,按照设计流程将影响起落架接地点设计的限制因素划分为适航安全、性能、结构、空间布置、运营等影响因素,明晰各限制因素对设计产生的影响。     

Spiral eddies in the Baltic,Black and Caspian seas as seen by satellite radar data

Despite spiral eddies were first seen on the sea surface more than 40 years ago, there is still a lot of uncertainty concerning these eddies. The present paper is aimed to provide the comprehensive results on the occurrence and statistics of small-scale eddies in the three inner seas (the Baltic, Black and Caspian) using satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The dataset used includes over 2000 medium resolution Envisat ASAR and ERS-2 SAR images obtained in 2009–2010 in the different parts of the seas mentioned. As a result of the analysis performed ∼14,000 vortical structures were detected. 71% of them were visualized due to surfactant films (“black” eddies), while 29% due to wave/current interactions (“white” eddies). Practically all the eddies detected were cyclonically rotating. Their diameter was within 1–20 km. Characteristic size of the “black” eddies in all the basins was discovered to be less than that of the “white” eddies. Characteristic eddy size for the Baltic, Black and Caspian seas proved to be strictly proportional to the values of the baroclinic Rossby radius of deformation typical for these basins. The “black” eddies did not demonstrate a significant connection with the basin- and meso-scale surface circulation of the seas. Most of the “white” eddies detected were attributed to the zones with the most intense drift currents, i.e. those along the western boundaries and (in the Baltic Sea only) in the elongated parts of the basin.     

Design and analysis of spiral bevel gears with seventh-order function of transmission error

This paper proposes a new approach to mial function of transmission error （TE） for spiral design and implement a seventh-order polyno- bevel gears with an aim to reduce the running vibration and noise of gear drive and improve the loaded distribution of the tooth. Based on the constraint conditions of predesigned seventh-order polynomial function curve and the theory of linear algebra, the polynomial coefficients of the seventh-order polynomial function of transmission error can be obtained. By applying a method named reverse tooth contact analysis, the modified roll coefficients as well as parts of machine-tool settings for the face-milling of spiral bevel gears can be individually determined. Therefore, a predesigned seventh-order polynomial function of transmission error for spiral bevel gears can be obtained by the modified roll with high-order coef- ficients, and comparisons of the seventh-order polynomial and parabolic functions of transmission error are also performed. The achievement of spiral bevel gears with the seventh-order function of transmission error can be accomplished on a universal Cartesian-type hypoid gear generator or a numerically controlled cradle-style hypoid gear generator due to its simple generating motion of axes of the cradle and the work piece. The results of a numerical example show that the bending stresses of the tooth of seventh-order are less than those of a parabolic one, while the contact stresses remain almost eouivalent.     

某型飞机起落架收放系统仿真与性能分析

起落架收放系统的性能对整机的安全性和舒适性具有直接影响。以国产在研某型飞机起落架收放系统为研究对象,利用该型飞机起落架收放机构的数学模型,采用LMS Virtual.Lab Rev的Motion模块和LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim软件进行起落架机构3D和起落架液压控制系统1D联合仿真,利用该联合仿真模型研究气动载荷对起落架收放系统的影响和上位锁阻尼参数对起落架收放性能的影响。结果表明:采用理论计算数值能够实现起落架在有限时间里的收放任务,考虑了气动载荷情况的仿真结果符合实际趋势;上位锁阻尼可作为优化设计的优先选取参数。     

航空发动机齿轮副动态啮合过程与齿根裂纹扩展轨迹影响因素研究

为了研究航空发动机中附件齿轮箱中的一对齿轮副在动态啮合过程中的响应特性和齿根裂纹的扩展对齿轮系统的影响,利用有限元仿真分析法,基于显示动力学和线弹性断裂力学研究了该齿轮副动态啮合过程和齿根裂纹扩展轨迹影响因素。含有齿根裂纹的齿轮在啮合过程会产生额外的振动和噪声,会引起转速、啮合力、啮合频率、接触应力产生较大波动;齿根裂纹的扩展轨迹不同会导致齿轮系统两种典型的失效模式:轮缘断裂失效或齿断裂失效,发生轮缘断裂的可能性受到轮缘厚度与齿高比值和裂纹初始位置的影响,会随着该比值的减少和初始裂纹位置沿着齿根方向下移而增大,初始裂纹方向对裂纹扩展轨迹影响很小可以忽略。研究成果在工程中可以为齿轮结构的故障监测和结构设计提供参考。     

评齿间摩擦力对航天齿轮齿根弯曲应力的影响程度

经过分析及计算，推导及归纳出考虑轮齿间摩擦力影响的齿根弯曲应力计算公式，计算结果表明，一般情况下，轮齿间摩擦力产生的影响甚小。对于航天软齿面齿轮传动或不十分重要的航天硬齿面齿轮传动，设计计算时可不计轮齿间摩擦力对齿根弯曲应力的影响。     

螺旋锥齿轮齿面接触分析改进算法研究

针对现有齿面接触分析(TCA)的不足,提出了螺旋锥齿轮齿面接触分析的改进算法.基于空间曲面啮合原理、Enler-Rodrigues公式以及接触区几何形状的等量关系对齿面接触分析算法进行了改进,通过方程变换,减少了求解接触点位置的非线性方程组维数,由啮合方程求得到初值选取计算公式,使初始值求解有规律可循.以一对弧齿锥齿轮为例,对算法进行了对比分析与验证,结果表明:改进的齿面接触分析算法可减少求解非线性方程组时初值选取的繁复性与增强非线性方程组迭代求解的稳定性;并利用几何等量关系求解接触区几何参数,能避免求解复杂的齿面相对曲率等二阶几何参数.      

数显式多种模数蜗杆齿厚检测装置设计

介绍了在精密蜗杆的加工生产过程中能实现多种模数蜗杆齿厚检测的一种新型专用装置的设计。该装置是基于数显千分尺和深度游标卡尺相结合 ,并据不同模数的蜗杆而配以不同直径的量棒来实现其蜗杆加工过程中的齿厚检测 ,达到控制齿厚偏差的目的