基于遗传算法的弧齿锥齿轮动态特性优化设计

基于集中质量法建立了弧齿锥齿轮八自由度弯-轴-扭三维空间动力学模型,在模型中考虑了啮合刚度的时变性、几何传动误差的非线性、齿面侧隙以及支承刚度的非线性.采用Runge-Kutta法对传动系统动态响应进行求解.在此基础上,以啮合周期内动态特性指标——振动加速度均方根作为优化目标函数,使用遗传算法对局部综合法中的齿面控制参数进行优化.在对设计参数进行优化的同时也获得了齿轮副最优加工参数.最终以齿面修形的方式实现了航空弧齿锥齿轮动态特性优化,减小了齿轮传动系统的振动与噪声.      

Protostellar Disk Formation and Early Evolution

This contribution describes the formation of circumstellar disks and their earliest evolutionary phases when self-gravity in the disk plays a crucial role in eliciting the transport of mass and angular momentum. We first discuss the formation of protostellar disks within the context of analytic infall-collapse solutions. We then discuss our efforts to understand the behavior of the newly formed disks. Our specific approach consists of performing a detailed analysis of a simplified model disk which is susceptible to the growth of a spiral instability. Using a combination of numerical simulation and semi-analytic analysis, we show how the dramatic early phase of mass and angular momentum transport in the disk can be explained by a second-order nonlinear process involving self-interaction of a dominant two-armed spiral mode. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

某型导弹翼轴花键齿首齿机加工精度研究

就如何保证新一代导弹重要零件翼轴花键齿首齿位置精度达到±１０’的机加工技术作了详细的阐述，着重就花键齿插齿过程中的工装定位、首齿位置精度的提高和测量方法进行了较为认真的研究。实践证明，该种插齿工艺方法能保证翼轴零件首齿位置精度的互换性，在具有类似的首齿位置精度要求的齿轮加工行业中有一定的先进性，并具有借鉴和推广价值。     

Modeling and experiment of grinding wheel axial profiles based on gear hobs

Hobbing is one of the crucial gear manufacturing processes with high precision and high efficiency. In order to improve the accuracy of hobbing and hob relief grinding, more precise grinding wheels are demanded for relief grinding in the production of gear hobs. In this paper, a new and accurate mathematical method for calculating the axial profile of grinding wheel based on the corresponding gear hob to be ground is proposed. Considering that most researches have been conducted to focus on the optimization of hob geometric feature and only can be applied to a specific type of hand of helix and rake angle of gear hobs. The method in this paper can be served as a general algorithm for generating axial profile of grinding wheels on the basis of the spatial envelope theory, the principle of coordinate system transformation, and studies on normal profile of single-tooth. The accuracy of grinding hobs is based on applying the approach in practical manufacturing. Taking two typical different kinds of pre-grinding gear hobs as examples for calculation and experiment, the results of tooth profile errors strengthen the position that the validity and feasibility of this method, it can be employed for gear hob design and grinding processing.     

钻取式自动采样机构螺旋钻杆结构参数的多目标优化

分析了螺旋钻杆的输出月壤原理和输出月壤阻力（阻力矩）以及综合考虑了螺旋槽内月壤对钻杆驱动力矩的影响、螺旋升角的取值范围和钻杆的轴向钻进功率后建立了钻杆驱动力矩、轴向加载力及功耗的模型。利用该模型分析了钻杆外径、螺旋槽深、槽宽比及螺旋升角等结构参数对钻杆驱动力矩和轴向加载力的影响,获得了钻杆结构参数对钻杆驱动力矩和轴向加载力的影响规律。以钻杆质量和功耗最小为双优化目标,以钻杆外径、螺旋槽深、槽宽比及螺旋升角等结构参数为设计变量,基于遗传算法对钻杆结构参数进行了优化,优化后的功耗较优化前降低了31.8%,钻杆质量减小了23.3%。总体减少了钻探风险,可为钻取式自动采样机构的设计提供理论依据。     

月面钻取采样回转齿轮副啮合生热试验研究

针对月面钻取采样装置的回转齿轮副啮合热进行理论分析,依据辐射换热定律建立了理论温升模型;模拟实际月面真空、带载工况并开展试验研究。分析了啮合热在月面高真空环境的制约条件下,向机体外传播的方式、传热途径以及散发不畅时的积聚作用对附近运动副工作特性的影响。研究结果表明：回转齿轮副作为钻具驱动单元动力传递的中间环节,在20Nm负载转矩工况下持续运行40分钟,理论预测最大温升28.66℃,与试验测量的最大温升结果28℃相吻合,充分验证了钻进驱动单元热设计的正确性,准确地识别出回转齿轮副啮合热积聚的潜在风险。     

Design of face-hobbed spiral bevel gears with reduced maximum tooth contact pressure and transmission errors

The aim of this study is to define optimal tooth modifications, introduced by appropriately chosen head-cutter geometry and machine tool setting, to simultaneously minimize tooth contact pressure and angular displacement error of the driven gear (transmission error) of face-hobbed spiral bevel gears. As a result of these modifications, the gear pair becomes mismatched, and a point contact replaces the theoretical line contact. In the applied loaded tooth contact analysis it is assumed that the point contact under load is spreading over a surface along the whole or part of the ’’potential’’ contact line. A computer program was developed to implement the formulation provided above. By using this program the influence of tooth modifications introduced by the variation in machine tool settings and in head cutter data on load and pressure distributions, transmission errors, and fillet stresses is investigated and discussed. The correlation between the ease-off obtained by pinion tooth modifications and the corresponding tooth contact pressure distribution is investigated and the obtained results are presented.     

螺旋槽数控立铣刀圆周刃前角的测量及计算方法

前角是影响刀具切削性能的最主要因素,尤其是螺旋槽数控立铣刀的圆周刃前角将直接影响到其切削性能.应用先进的测量技术与计算机技术,对螺旋槽数控立铣刀圆周刃前角测量方法及其实际作用角度计算方法进行研究,实现了精确的螺旋槽数控立铣刀圆周刃前角测量及其实际作用角度计算,为提高螺旋槽数控立铣刀的质量及其切削加工效率提供了重要的方法和工具.     

船舶齿轮箱振动测试分析及优化研究

齿轮箱是船舶动力传动系统的主要振源之一，为了研究船舶齿轮箱振动性能及优化措施，进而实现船舶的低噪声化，以本单位自主研发的船用齿轮箱为例，通过台架试验和振动频谱分析结合的方法分析齿轮箱振动的主要影响因素，对振动性能关键影响因素进行优化改进。本文结合振动频谱分析结果对齿轮箱从齿轮修形设计和液压供油系统改进两个方面进行了优化，并对采取优化措施后的齿轮箱进行振动试验验证和振动频谱分析。结果表明：齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进两项优化措施可以切实有效的改善齿轮箱的振动性能。在文中的齿轮箱案例中，齿轮修形后齿轮啮合频率处振动峰值下降40.2%，总振级下降1.85dB，进一步采取液压供油系统改进措施后，齿轮箱总振级下降9.99dB。齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进对船用齿轮箱振动性能提升具有工程应用价值。     

基于CATIA二次开发的渐开线直齿轮参数化设计

实现了在CATIA二次开发平台上渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮的参数化三维造型.首先在屏幕对话框中输入齿轮的参数,然后程序对设计计算、数据处理、图形绘制等进行综合处理,最后在CATIA中生成齿轮的三维模型.