Optimal spacecraft formation establishment and reconfiguration propelled by the geomagnetic Lorentz force

The Lorentz force acting on an electrostatically charged spacecraft as it moves through the planetary magnetic field could be utilized as propellantless electromagnetic propulsion for orbital maneuvering, such as spacecraft formation establishment and formation reconfiguration. By assuming that the Earth’s magnetic field could be modeled as a tilted dipole located at the center of Earth that corotates with Earth, a dynamical model that describes the relative orbital motion of Lorentz spacecraft is developed. Based on the proposed dynamical model, the energy-optimal open-loop trajectories of control inputs, namely, the required specific charges of Lorentz spacecraft, for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration problems with both fixed and free final conditions constraints are derived via Gauss pseudospectral method. The effect of the magnetic dipole tilt angle on the optimal control inputs and the relative transfer trajectories for formation establishment or reconfiguration is also investigated by comparisons with the results derived from a nontilted dipole model. Furthermore, a closed-loop integral sliding mode controller is designed to guarantee the trajectory tracking in the presence of external disturbances and modeling errors. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based approach. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the validity of the proposed open-loop control methods and demonstrate the performance of the closed-loop controller. Also, the results indicate the dipole tilt angle should be considered when designing control strategies for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration.     

Invar36合金端面铣削力研究

为了研究Invar36端铣过程中切削参数对切削力的影响规律,进行了切削力的单因素实验。对比分析了Invar36与0Cr18Ni9的切削力,研究了切削过程中切削力信号的产生及特征,并对加工过程中的动态切削力进行了频谱分析。分析了切削速度、每齿进给量和轴向切深对切削力的影响规律,建立了切削参数与切削力之间的数学模型。结果表明:刀具坐标系内的径向分力Fr表征了工件对刀具后刀面的挤压作用,单个切削周期内的切向铣削力Ft的峰值超前径向铣削力Fr的峰值。回归模型中的相关系数表明,切削参数对切削力影响的显著性依次为轴向切深、每齿进给量、切削速度。随着轴向切削力的增大,试件表层的Invar36晶粒扭曲程度更加明显,晶粒扭曲深度也随之加深。     

航天器大型舱段柔性对接技术研究

针对航天器大型舱段的自动柔性对接需求,基于并联调姿平台(6SPS)的舱段柔性对接技术开展研究。采用6SPS作为舱段位姿调整装置,在其6个支链上设置力传感器,测量每个支链所受的轴向力。在柔性对接控制中,根据负载质量特性及调姿平台姿态实时解算每个支链上由负载重力引起的轴向力,作为理论力;将实际测得的支链力与该理论力比较,进行力随动控制并调整支链长度,实现力反馈下的柔性对接控制。试验证明了力随动控制能实现根据支链力变化实时调整调姿平台位姿,满足舱段柔性对接的需求。     

基于多流路体积力模型的翼身融合布局飞机计算方法

针对翼身融合布局(BWB)飞机分布式系统一体化研究方法存在计算资源耗费巨大的问题,发展基于多流路体积力的飞机分布式系统一体化计算方法。从沿流线的体积力模型出发,将压气机对气流的作用力用沿流线的源项场代替。将单流路的计算模型加以扩展,综合考虑分布式推进系统与BWB的耦合影响,在分布式推进系统的压缩系统所在区域添加体积力源项,建立多流路体积力计算模型。将其应用于某大型BWB飞机进行一体化数值仿真。结果显示:相较于传统的全周定常数值模拟方法,采用多流路的体积力模型能够在保证一定计算精度的条件下提高至少10倍的计算效率。     

倾转涵道倾转过渡阶段的非定常气动力

为研究倾转涵道动力装置在倾转过渡阶段的非定常气动力,使用基于滑移网格技术的非定常计算方法,利用基于内场信息和叶素理论的压力盘模型模拟风扇螺旋桨,通过求解Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程,对涵道风扇俯仰拉起过程进行数值模拟.结果表明:在倾转过程中涵道风扇非定常气动力的迟滞特性明显,俯仰角速度延迟了流场分离,增加了涵道风扇的升力和阻力;低速飞行时,涵道风扇在整个倾转过渡阶段气动性能优良;在高速大迎角飞行时,涵道风扇气动性能恶化,俯仰力矩曲线紊乱,不利于进行倾转过渡飞行.      

基于双力源的叠加式多维力传感器校准装置研

介绍了一种基于叠加机原理的双力源多维力传感器校准装置的设计与研制,对装置的测量不确定度进行了分析,通过对三分量力传感器的校准实验,证明了校准装置不仅可以对多分量力传感器进行单分量校准,还能方便地实现耦合误差的校准。     

力限振动试验夹具设计要求和力测量装置校核方法

文章总结了航天器系统级力限振动试验夹具设计思路, 提出利用合力和合力矩进行力测量装置有效性校核的方法。并通过航天器系统级力限振动试验, 对力测量误差原因进行分析, 指出通过提高加速度和力信号信噪比的办法可使相对误差减小到±10%以内或更低, 验证了力测量装置的有效性。     

Effect of grain refinement on cutting force of difficult-to-cut metals in ultra-precision machining

The nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 is treated with Coupled Ultrasonic and Electric Pulse Treatment(CUEPT), and the surface grain is refined from the average size of 9550.0 nm to287.9, 216.3, 150.5, 126.3, 25.8 nm by different effective treatment currents, respectively. The ultraprecision turning experiments are carried out on the processed workpiece after CUEPT. The experimental results show that the average cutting force increases with the decrease of surface grain size.Moreover, a mathema...     

常闭式电磁制动器驱动结构设计及性能分析

针对常闭式电磁制动器耗能高、制动力密度小、励磁线圈发热严重等缺点,尝试将永磁体引入至制动器驱动结构中,设计出了一种电磁与永磁混合作用的新型电永磁驱动结构。结合有限元软件,采用有限元法分析了其内部磁通量分布并研究励磁线圈电流、气隙及永磁体结构形状等因素对电磁力的影响。结果表明,电磁与永磁两磁场耦合性较好,电磁吸力随电流增加及气隙的减小增幅较大,且同等条件下L形永磁体的电磁驱动结构对衔铁的吸力最大,对电磁制动器轻量化研究具有指导意义。     

基于显式力控制的空间机器人抓捕碰撞力控制方法

针对空间机器人抓捕漂浮目标过程中的碰撞力控制问题,建立了空间机器人抓捕目标的动力学模型及与目标接触的接触碰撞模型;分析了手爪闭合速度和目标初始位置等参数对碰撞过程的影响;在此基础上采用任务优先逆运动学求解方法,设计了基于显式力控制的抓捕接触碰撞力控制方法,并对基于外力控制的碰撞力控制方法和基于显式力控制的碰撞力控制方法进行对比分析。结果表明,基于显式力控制的目标抓捕接触碰撞力控制方法能够实现满足平稳性要求的碰撞力控制,且所需的基座推力和关节控制力矩较小。