航天器初始飞行段雷测系统误差估计方法与算法

在航天器初始飞行段的跟踪数据中,假设光测数据含有常值系统误差,连续波雷达系统的距离和／差数据含有二次项系统误差和折射残差,距离和／差变化率数据含有线性系统误差和折射残差。利用样条函数表示轨道,建立了系统误差和航天器轨道的非线性模型,给出了系统误差和轨道的高精度估计方法和算法。     

材料非线性对复合材料层板损伤的影响

根据Hahn-Tsai非线性应力应变关系,用有限元方法对受拉伸载荷作用的含孔复合材料层板损伤演变进行了模拟计算,由非线性有限元方法得到的应力、应变以及最终载荷与以往线性分析方法得到的结果比较表明:考虑材料非线性可以提高计算精度;参数研究表明非线性系数的变化对正交各向异性板的影响较大,而对准各向同性板的影响较少.     

MEO卫星内部充电环境及典型材料充电特征分析

文章利用通用模型DICTAT,计算了恶劣期地球中高轨道(MEO)高能电子通量随卫星运行位置的变化情况以及日均积分能谱,之后选择4种参数具有代表性的电介质材料,分析了其在MEO环境下的充电特征,并将上述结果与地球同步轨道(GEO)情况进行了对比。结果表明,通常而言MEO卫星的内部充电风险更高,平均充电电位是GEO的3倍左右,而且充电电位在整个轨道周期内起伏变化明显,电位达到最高值的时间相对于高能电子通量最大值有0.3~0.9 h的延迟,具体的变化特征由电介质材料时间常数决定。     

神舟号载人飞船回收着陆分系统设计与性能评估

文章描述了神舟号载人飞船回收着陆分系统的技术设计 ,总结了系统设计的特点及技术进步 ,并对系统的性能进行了评估 ,以期对型号后续研制提供参考和借鉴     

柱状弹丸撞击防护屏形成碎片云材料状态特性研究

微流星体及空间碎片的高速撞击威胁着长寿命、大尺寸航天器的安全运行，导致其严重的损伤和灾难性的失效。为精确估计微流星体及空间碎片高速撞击防护屏所产生碎片云对舱壁的损伤，必须确定碎片云中三种状态材料的特性，建立了碎片云特性分析模型，分别计算了柱状弹丸撞击防护屏所产生碎片云以及碎片云中弹丸和防护屏材料三种状态物质的质量分布。通过计算分析可见，弹丸以不同速度撞击防护屏所产生碎片云三种状态物质的质量分布是不同的，速度增大，液化和气化增强，对靶件的损伤小。而在速度小于7km/s时，碎片云以固体碎片的形式存在，对靶件的损伤大。     

非穿透间隔割缝易碎盖结构设计及分析

发射箱盖需要满足轻质、结构紧凑等要求。为了满足性能需求,在易碎盖结构方面提出了新的设计方案,即非穿透间隔割缝复合材料易碎盖。针对承压与冲破两种工况展开了试验,分别建立了承压和冲破渐进损伤有限元模型,分析了结构参数对新结构易碎盖力学性能的影响,并探讨易碎盖冲破的损伤失效机理。结果表明,本文建立的有限元模型可有效预测承压工况下盖体的最大变形和冲破工况下盖体的冲破压力;盖体厚度的增大会导致易碎盖承压工况下最大变形减小和冲破工况下冲破压力的增大;而割缝宽度的增大,对承压工况下盖体最大变形的影响较小,但在冲破工况下易碎盖薄弱区会更早进入损伤失效阶段,对其冲破性能产生负面影响。     

超低温用碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的性能研究

根据低温液氧贮箱的缠绕工艺与特殊使用环境要求,分别针对3种自制的环氧树脂体系进行系统的工艺特性与低温抗裂纹性能研究。在此基础上以T700纤维复合材料为研究对象,详细考察其在超低温和高低温循环条件下的力学性能稳定性,并对其液氧相容性进行测试。最终以小型碳纤维复合材料筒体进行综合性能验证。研究结果表明,SFC-3环氧树脂具有较好的缠绕工艺特性,且在超低温和高低温交变条件下具有优异的抗裂纹特性。T700/SFC-3环氧复合材料分别经过高低温交变和超低温处理后,拉伸性能保留率在92%以上,且该复合材料具有良好的液氧相容性。T700/SFC-3环氧树脂复合材料筒体具有极好的耐高低温稳定性和气密性。     

Evaluation of geomagnetic field models using magnetometer measurements for satellite attitude determination system at low earth orbits: Case studies

In this study, different geomagnetic field models are compared in order to study the errors resulting from the representation of magnetic fields that affect the satellite attitude system. For this purpose, we used magnetometer data from two Low Earth Orbit (LEO) spacecraft and the geomagnetic models IGRF-12 (Thébault et al., 2015) and T89 (Tsyganenko, 1989) models to study the differences between the magnetic field components, strength and the angle between the predicted and observed vector magnetic fields. The comparisons were made during geomagnetically active and quiet days to see the effects of the geomagnetic storms and sub-storms on the predicted and observed magnetic fields and angles. The angles, in turn, are used to estimate the spacecraft attitude and hence, the differences between model and observations as well as between two models become important to determine and reduce the errors associated with the models under different space environment conditions. We show that the models differ from the observations even during the geomagnetically quiet times but the associated errors during the geomagnetically active times increase. We find that the T89 model gives closer predictions to the observations, especially during active times and the errors are smaller compared to the IGRF-12 model. The magnitude of the error in the angle under both environmental conditions was found to be less than 1°. For the first time, the geomagnetic models were used to address the effects of the near Earth space environment on the satellite attitude.     

一种基于有限K近邻的强度帕累托进化算法

在航天器控制计算机的软硬件协同设计过程中,需要解决多目标优化问题。当前的强度帕累托进化算法在求解高维多目标优化问题时具有优势,但是在环境选择阶段的计算时间复杂度仍然较大。文章针对这一问题,提出了一种改进算法。新的算法采用有限K近邻方法,减少了原算法中K近邻策略的比较次数,使时间复杂度由O(M3)下降为O(max(l,logM)M2。试验结果表明文中算法的计算速度更快,并且具有更优的收敛性和分布多样性特征。     

Discrete time multiple spacecraft formation flying attitude optimal control in presence of relative state constraints

This paper addresses the challenge of synchronized multiple spacecraft attitude reorientation in presence of pointing and boundary constraints with limited inter-spacecraft communication link. Relative attitude pointing constraint among the fleet of spacecraft has also been modeled and considered during the attitude maneuvers toward the desired states. Formation fling control structure that consists of decentralized path planners based on virtual structure approach joint with discrete time optimal local controller is designed to achieve the mission’s goals. Due to digital computing of spacecraft’s onboard computer, local optimal controller based on discrete time prediction and correction algorithm has been utilized. The time step of local optimal algorithm execution is designed so that the spacecraft track their desired attitudes with appropriate error bound. The convergence of the proposed architecture and stability of local controller’s tracking error within appropriate upper bound are proved. Finally, a numerical simulation of a stereo imaging scenario is presented to verify the performance of the proposed architecture and the effectiveness of the algorithm.