神舟七号微小卫星伴随飞行技术试验

神舟七号 (SZ-7) 载人航天任务中释放的一颗微小伴随卫星 (BX-1), 首次开展了卫星在轨释放、对飞船观测和对轨道舱接近及绕飞等技术试验. 该卫星首次进行了GaInP2/GaAs/Ge 中国产太阳电池阵、锂离子蓄电池、微型液氨推进模块、小型化姿态跟踪控制模块、双焦距一体化可见光相机及小型化USB 测控应答机等技术验证. 本文介绍了SZ-7 微小卫星的设计方案, 讨论了形成稳定伴随飞行的轨道设计等技术, 并根据卫星在轨运行情况对试验任务进行了评价.      

基于天基光学监视的空间目标跟踪方法研究

利用天基观测平台实现对空间目标的有效监视跟踪是空间监视的发展趋势. 在对天基光学监视特点进行分析的基础上, 通过对帧集内目标运动条痕线性拟合提取帧集测量信息, 提出适合其数据特点的空间目标被动跟踪方法, 并给出相应跟踪初始化方法. 该方法在降低信息处理数据流量的同时可以保证一定的精度.      

地面数字电视基带调制器芯片电源网络设计

对IR-drop和EM现象进行了解释和分析,结合地面数字电视基带调制器芯片的设计,将标准单元区域简化为电源电阻网络进行建模,根据模型计算出最大电压降,在保证最大电压降区域能够正常工作的基础上,简单有效地设计了标准单元模块区域的电源网络,最后在考虑到宏模块电源环压降的前提下,将宏模块区域转化成标准单元区域进行建模,完成了整个芯片的电源网络设计.此方法运用于早期布局,确保电源分配的可靠性,提高设计效率,通过地面数字电视多媒体广播的全模式发射端芯片的流片成功和功能的实现,证明了该方法的实用性和有效性.     

Real-time GLE alert in the ANMODAP Center for December 13, 2006

Within the last years, a real-time system to monitor high energy cosmic rays for space weather use has been operated at Athens cosmic ray station. Neutron monitors and satellite high resolution data in real time are used, making it possible to observe cosmic rays in dual energy range observations. In large solar energetic particle (SEP) events, ground level enhancement (GLE) can provide the earliest alert for the onset of the SEP event. This system watches for count rate increases recorded in real time by 23 neutron monitors, which triggers an alarm if a ground level enhancement (GLE) of cosmic ray intensity is detected.     

月球表面太空风化作用及其效应

太空风化作用普遍发生在月球、小行星等一些无大气层的天体表面, 主要包括太阳风离子辐射和微陨石撞击等作用. 通过对真实月球样品太空风化作用的研究成果以及低能离子和激光照射等地面模拟实验结果的系统综述和分析, 重点分析了月壤颗粒中非晶质层和纳米铁的成因, 指出太空风化研究中存在的太阳风离子辐射和微陨石撞击贡献难以区分及模拟实验模拟效果尚不充分的问题.进而提出月球太空风化研究不能简单套用其他天体的模型, 并建议未来开展更多月球和陨石样品的精细化学分析.      

Miniaturized laser-induced plasma spectrometry for planetary in situ analysis – The case for Jupiter’s moon Europa

Jupiter’s icy moon Europa is one of most promising places in our Solar System where possible extraterrestrial life forms could exist either in the past or even presently. The Europa Lander mission, an exciting part of the international Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM/Laplace), considers in situ planetary exploration of the moon. The distance of Europa from the Earth and the Sun asks for autonomous analytical tools that maximize the scientific return at minimal resources, demanding new experimental concepts. We propose a novel instrument, based on the atomic spectroscopy of laser generated plasmas for the elemental analysis of Europa’s surface materials as far as it is in reach of the lander for example by a robotic arm or a mole, or just onboard the lander. The technique of laser-induced plasma spectrometry provides quantitative elemental analysis of all major and many trace elements. It is a fast technique, i.e. an analysis can be performed in a few seconds, which can be applied to many different types of material such as ice, dust or rocks and it does not require any sample preparation. The sensitivity is in the range of tens of ppm and high lateral resolution, down to 50 μm, is feasible. In addition, it provides the potential of depth profiling, up to 2 mm in rock material and up to a few cm in more transparent icy matrices. Key components of the instrument are presently developed in Germany for planetary in situ missions. This development program is accompanied by an in-depth methodical investigation of this technique under planetary environmental conditions.     

Helio-geomagnetic influence in cardiological cases

The effects of the energetic phenomena of the Sun, flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on the Earth’s ionosphere–magnetosphere, through the solar wind, are the sources of the geomagnetic disturbances and storms collectively known as Space Weather. The research on the influence of Space Weather on biological and physiological systems is open. In this work we study the Space Weather   impact on Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) distinguishing between ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (STE–ACS) and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE–ACS) cases. We compare detailed patient records from the 2nd Cardiologic Department of the General Hospital of Nicaea (Piraeus, Greece) with characteristics of geomagnetic storms (_DST${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathit{ST}}$), solar wind speed and statistics of flares and CMEs which cover the entire solar cycle 23 (1997–2007). Our results indicate a relationship of ACS to helio-geomagnetic activity as the maximum of the ACS cases follows closely the maximum of the solar cycle. Furthermore, within very active periods, the ratio NSTE–ACS to STE–ACS, which is almost constant during periods of low to medium activity, changes favouring the NSTE–ACS. Most of the ACS cases exhibit a high degree of association with the recovery phase of the geomagnetic storms; a smaller, yet significant, part was found associated with periods of fast solar wind without a storm.     

面向天文观测的空间科学卫星任务规划方法研究

面向天文观测的空间科学卫星任务规划是一个复杂的多目标优化问题.通过对天文观测类卫星的任务规划要素及约束条件进行抽象,建立了面向天文观测的多目标任务规划问题模型,在此基础上设计了基于NSGA-II的多目标观测任务规划算法,并通过实例进行了实验及结果分析.研究表明,该方法能够有效解决天文观测类卫星不同规模的任务规划问题.      

光学遥感器光电信号处理系统的空间辐射效应研究

文章针对光学遥感器光电信号处理系统,描述了空间辐射效应研究的方法和途径。首先介绍了光学遥感器常用运行轨道的空间辐射环境,然后选择光学遥感器的光电信号处理系统作为分析模型,介绍了光电信号处理系统的电路组成和主要元器件,从器件级、电路级到系统级对空间辐射效应的危害性进行分析,并且结合元器件的抗辐射性能现状,归纳了辐射效应的薄弱环节及主要元器件需要进行的辐照试验。最后对空间辐射效应研究的方法和步骤进行了总结。     

空间相机温度解算方法的分析与研究

通过温度解算完成相机主体温度测量,是相机主体温控系统实现的关键环节之一.传统的温度解算方法存在数据存储量大、可移植性差、温度映射精度低等缺点.文章提出一种拟合温度解算法,针对不同的系统需求,给出两种改进方案,对拟合温度解算法及其改进方案的原理、性能及实现方式进行描述与分析.实践证明,该方法具有占用内存小、可移植性好、温...