气动换向阀阀芯/阀座撞击特性研究

针对某型气动换向阀在研制过程中出现由于阀芯/阀座撞击变形导致阀芯卡死的现象,对阀芯/阀座的撞击特性进行了仿真研究,定量分析了撞击过程以及不同阀座高度对撞击特性的影响,根据仿真结果对换向阀进行了改进设计,试验结果表明改进后的换向阀满足使用要求.     

WCB钢阀体的铸造工艺模拟及改进

利用三维绘图软件Pro/Engineer生成WCB钢阀体的三维实体模型,运用铸造模拟软件Z-Cast对阀体进行流场和温度场的数值模拟,预测缩孔、缩松等缺陷产生的部位,并分析形成原因。通过Z-Cast软件对冒口、冷铁尺寸进行改进,优化工艺。模拟计算结果表明:改进工艺实现了顺序凝固,消除了缩孔、缩松缺陷,保证了铸件质量。     

单向阀三维动态流场稳定性仿真研究

对单向阀自激振动机理进行研究,采用线性分析方法提出了单向阀的临界稳定曲线。应用泵阀仿真软件PumpLinx的动网格技术,开展了单向阀三维动态流场仿真分析,数值研究了不同工作压力、不同质量流量条件下的单向阀动态稳定特性。结果表明:在某一工作压力条件下,小流量时单向阀工作不稳定,会形成周期性的阀门颤振,随着质量流量增大,单向阀动态稳定性增强;当质量流量足够大时,单向阀工作稳定,单向阀保持稳定开度工作;质量流量一定时,工作压力降低,单向阀动态稳定性增强。单向阀三维动态流场仿真结果与线性稳定性结论相一致,从三维动态流场角度验证了单向阀自激振动机理及线性稳定性分析方法的有效性。     

某型压差活门的动态特性分析

压差活门是航空发动机数控系统燃油计量装置中重要的液压部件,其稳定性和动态性能直接影响控制系统的整体性能。根据压差活门非线性微分方程,采用小偏差线性化方法,推导出了压差活门的动态数学模型,得到了压差活门的方框图以及传递函数。选取某压差活门参数建立了Simulink仿真模型,分别在频域和时域分析了其动态性能。结果表明:在频域上,比较了有无节流器时的回路增益函数伯德图,认为敏感油路上的节流器可以改善稳定性且提高控制精度,通过设计节流器的尺寸可以调节穿越频域,从而改善系统的动态性能;在时域上,分析了不同节流器尺寸下阶跃响应的动态性能,其试验结果与实际工程经验一致。     

变结构控制在基于脉冲比例阀的燃油调节系统中的应用

针对航空发动机燃油控制系统中二阶非定常执行机构通常出现设计困难的问题,介绍一种变结构控制方法,将二阶非定常执行机构变成确定的一阶惯性环节,该方法既充分利用其优点"不变性"又可以规避其突出缺点"抖振",特别适用于驱动脉冲比例调节阀;同时提出脉冲比例阀的变结构调节中遇到的实际问题(例如微分的精度问题)的解决办法,以及影响该方法可行性的若干必要条件。结果表明:符合条件时变结构控制在基于脉冲比例阀的燃油调节系统中是可行的。     

A novel architecture of electro-hydrostatic actuator with digital distribution

To address the flow imbalance rapidly of the asymmetric Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA), this paper presents a novel architecture of asymmetric EHA with the Digital Distribution (EHA-DD). It also improves the flow nonlinearity and control accuracy of the pump, especially in the low-speed condition. The digital distribution with two High-Speed on–off Valves (HSVs) not only balances flow instead of the check valves, but also replaces the pump at the low-speed to control output flow by adjusting the PWM signal. The pump and HSVs are the crucial components to control flow output. Firstly, the flow calculation models of the pump and the duty ratio inversed model of the HSV are obtained through experimental tests and the identification method. To get the control input signal for the required flow, the pump speed and PWM duty ratio for the HSVs are inversed to compensate for flow output. Further, a multimode digital flow distribution control method based on pump speed, mainly including the pump-controlled mode for large flow demand and valve-controlled mode for little flow demand, is proposed to control the accurate flow output actively. The step extension experiments based on the flow calculation models are conducted on the EHA-DD prototype under elastic, opposite varying load. The results demonstrate that the EHA-DD realizes little position error by accurate flow control, and it is also beneficial to improve the service life of the pump.     

西安某粘接材料厂室内供暖、热水系统的设计

基于厂方对供热系统的要求,根据供热建筑物、机房和可利用设施的实际情况,采用一台换热器,通过阀门的切换,实现了供暖和供热水的分段运行。将蒸汽发生器的进水与系统补水有机地整合为一个系统,有效地解决了机房面积过小的实际困难。利用自来水的压力和热水箱与浴室的高差解决了热水供应的实际问题。     

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

射流管伺服阀前置级压力特性

为分析射流管伺服阀射流管喷嘴高压射流区的特性,建立了射流管伺服阀前置级数学模型,得到了射流管偏移值、射流管喷嘴半径和接收孔半径对接收器压力分布、喷嘴出口流速及接收器的左右孔恢复压力的影响规律.流场分析发现射流管喷嘴的高速射流出口处容易产生旋涡,且存在环状负压效应.结果表明:高压射流状态下,射流管喷嘴半径增大,恢复压力增加;接收孔半径增大,恢复压力降低.接收孔半径与射流管喷嘴半径之比的最佳取值区间为[1.3,1.5].当射流管偏移值增大时,在偏移值增大一侧,射流管与接收孔之间的有效流体接收面积增大,射流管与接收孔之间的流体旋涡扩大,内部流场环状负压效应增加,接收孔恢复压力降低.      

双独立闭环复合液压伺服控制体系的分析

针对现有几种液压伺服控制系统的优缺点,基于高性能和节能这一发展趋势,提出基于伺服电机、定量泵、蓄能器和伺服阀的双独立闭环的新型复合控制体系.分析了其结构特点,建立了数学模型并进行了仿真分析和实验验证,证明新型控制体系充分发挥了各个控制环节的效能,实现了流量适应,较现有的控制方案简单可靠,在综合指标方面有了很大的提高,适合机载液压系统和弹载液压系统.