基于分布式地面站天线的空间功率合成

卫星导航系统(GNSS)地面站天线对卫星进行上行注入时,信号到达卫星时较弱,容易受到干扰,故地面站注入天线需同时具备平时多目标注入和干扰时单目标功率增强的能力。利用卫星导航系统中地面站之间能够实现精密时间同步的特点,提出了一种基于分布式卫星导航地面站抛物面天线的空间功率合成方法,使用相位预补偿实现分布式天线阵到达目标卫星信号的相位粗同步;分析了相位误差、辐射功率误差对空间功率合成效率的影响,得到了阵元初始相位标定精度与相对定位精度的约束关系;并对合成信号的抗干扰能力和信号质量进行了研究。理论和仿真结果表明,当相位精度因子小于0.2时,4个等辐射功率天线在10°仰角以上波束扫描范围内的功率合成效率均在75%以上,且可以通过控制初始相位标定精度与相对定位精度实现更高的合成效率;而在合成效率要求75%以上时,天线辐射功率误差对合成效率的影响基本可以忽略。采用分布式波束扫描天线能够对地面站上行注入进行功率增强,可实现注入波束和功率的灵活配置,有效解决制约机动式和小型化地面站功率提升的瓶颈问题。     

Active vibration control of piezoelectric bonded smart structures using PID algorithm

Thin-walled structures are sensitive to vibrate under even very small disturbances. In order to design a suitable controller for vibration suppression of thin-walled smart structures, an electro-mechanically coupled finite element(FE) model of smart structures is developed based on first-order shear deformation(FOSD) hypothesis. Considering the vibrations generated by various disturbances, which include free and forced vibrations, a PID control is implemented to damp both the free and forced vibrations. Additionally, an LQR optimal control is applied for comparison.The implemented control strategies are validated by a piezoelectric layered smart plate under various excitations.     

Optimizing accuracy of a parabolic cylindrical deployable antenna mechanism based on stiffness analysis

Accuracy of the fitted surface is of great importance to the performance of deployable antennas utilized in space. This paper proposes a stiffness analysis based fitting accuracy optimization method for achieving the optimal parameters of the parabolic cylindrical deployable antenna mechanism. The stiffness matrix of the proposed cylindrical antenna mechanism is established by assembling the stiffness of beams and tension cables. Structural deformations of the mechanism are calculated where the tensioned cable is substituted by a 2-node truss element and an equivalent force acting on the joint. Consideration of the tensity of tension cables, namely tensioned or slack, is transformed into a typical linear complementarity problem. Comparison between structural deformations of the mechanism fixed at different points is performed. Sensitivities of the geometric and structural parameters on fitting accuracy are investigated. Influence of force of the driven cable on structural deformations of antenna operated in different orbits is conducted. A fitting optimization method is proposed to minimize the structural deformations subject to constraints on volume and mass. Simulation result shows that the fitting accuracy of the antenna mechanism is improved significantly through the optimization. The proposed method can be utilized for the optimal design of other deployable mechanisms constructed by joining rigid links.     

基于子阵激励能量匹配的多子阵交错阵列设计

多子阵稀疏交错共享孔径阵列天线是实现多功能阵列天线设计的有效途径。提出了一种基于子阵激励能量匹配的多子阵稀疏交错优化方法。根据均匀线阵激励与其方向图之间存在的傅里叶变换关系,该方法首先通过快速傅里叶变换（FFT）获得特定方向图的激励频谱能量分布,然后分析均匀线阵目标方向图频谱能量的分布特征,采用交叉选取子阵激励的方法,确定各子阵单元位置,使得阵列天线单元激励能量均匀分配,从而确保各子阵方向图近似一致。在此基础上通过迭代FFT的方法降低各子阵天线方向图旁瓣峰值（PSL）,实现低旁瓣,同性能的多子阵交错共享孔径阵列天线设计。仿真研究与实验表明,通过本文提出多子阵交错方法设计的共享孔径多稀疏交错子阵具有运算量小、孔径利用率高、各子阵峰值旁瓣电平低且拥有相似方向图的优点。利用子阵交错的方法,通过控制各子阵主波瓣指向,能轻松实现多波束指向的多功能阵列天线设计。      

大型反射面天线温度分布规律及变形影响分析

针对高频段大型反射面天线对电性能的高要求,必须降低太阳热辐射对天线的影响。先计算一天中太阳入射角度的变化规律,再基于I\|DEAS软件仿真,得到一天中各时刻天线反射面上的温度、热应力场、热变形分布,然后针对阴影对天线结构的重要影响,以“分点分段”的形式给出不同时刻温度在反射面上的分布及其影响程度和规律,为工程人员进行天线的温度补偿和结构优化提供了依据。     

Multi-layered plate finite element models with node-dependent kinematics for smart structures with piezoelectric components

This article presents a type of plate Finite Element (FE) models with adaptive mathematical refinement capabilities for modeling laminated smart structures with piezoelectric layers or distributed patches. The p-version shape functions are used in combination with the higher-order Layer-Wise (LW) kinematics adopting hierarchical Legendre polynomials. Node-Dependent Kinematics (NDK) is employed to implement local LW models in the regions with piezoelectric components and simulate the global substrate structure with the Equivalent Single-Layer (ESL) approach. Through the proposed NDK FE models, the electro-mechanical behavior of smart structures can be predicted with high fidelity and numerical efficiency, and various patch configurations can be conveniently modeled through one set of mesh grids. Moreover, the effectiveness and efficiency of the NDK FE approach are assessed through numerical examples and its application is demonstrated.     

圆突矩形波导缝隙线阵设计

把常用的矩形波导一个宽面改成圆弧形构成的波导称为圆突矩形波导.这种波导与扇面波导相比:电性能相当;波导管结构更加简单,容易加工,便于安装.文中给出圆突矩形波导中主模场,圆曲面上纵向槽归一化谐振电导近似公式.设计了C和X波段波导曲面纵向谐振缝隙线阵,缝隙电压相位为同相分布,输入端匹配.实际测量了天线输入端电压驻波比和H面方向图,理论与实验相吻合.     

基于数字线索和数字孪生的生产生命周期研究

新一代信息技术在制造业中深度应用,引发传统产品研发模式的变革。介绍了利用数字线索和数字孪生开展复杂产品生命周期业务过程建模与仿真、动态预测和评估,实现数字空间与物理空间虚实映射的产品规划与定义、模拟与分析、验证与确认的业务闭环。最后结合航空工业智能制造架构,给出在生产生命周期中的应用思路,以提升生产过程的数字化与智能化水平。     

模块化可展开天线支撑机构运动学建模与分析

模块化可展开天线具有拓展性强、灵活性高、适应性好等特点,是满足未来可展开天线大口径发展趋势的一种较为理想的结构形式.为研究由六棱柱模块组成的可展开天线支撑机构多模块联动展开运动特性,提出一种多模块联动展开运动学建模方法.根据可展开天线的结构组成及展开原理,建立了可展开天线机构关键点的空间几何模型,基于机器人学中的D-H...     

基于基线长度加权的GNSS多天线姿态测量方法

GNSS可用于获取动态载体的姿态信息,为提高其姿态测量精度,提出一种基于基线长度信息对最小二乘姿态解算方法进行加权处理,改进了最小二乘姿态解算方法,同时通过船载实验验证了该方法的可用性。实验结果表明：在船载动态实验中,当基线长度存在明显差异时,加权最小二乘法较等权最小二乘法在精度上明显提高,其中横滚角的精度提高了13%。