改性小推力液体发动机推力室工作过程仿真

在考虑N2O4/一甲基肼(MMH)自燃推进剂雾化、蒸发和化学反应过程的条件下,采用贴体网格系统和耦合显式求解算法,仿真计算了小推力液体发动机不同喷嘴设计对推进剂的蒸发、混合燃烧、推力室内流场和燃烧室效率的影响。仿真结果与高空热试车数据基本一致。所用模型合理,具一定的参考价值。     

基于矢量测量和UKBF的飞越小天体自主导航方法研究

以估计航天器和小天体在日心惯性系中的位置和速度为目的,提出了基于视线矢量测量的飞越小天体自主导航方法。该方法利用导航相机和激光高度计构建航天器到目标天体的视线矢量,同时为避免系统方程线性化和离散化所带来的模型误差,采用UKBF (Unscented Kalman\|Bucy Filter)算法对相应位置和速度进行估计。分析了导航系统的能观性,并以坦普尔一号为目标天体进行仿真验证,理论分析和仿真结果皆表明了方法的有效性和可行性。
     

空间激光通信系统光斑小目标跟踪算法研究

在空间激光通信链路中,大气湍流、结构设计误差、平台扰动等因素为链路的精确对准和精密跟踪带来了困难。为提高激光链路的跟踪精度,首先对光斑跟踪过程中的影响因素进行研究分析,继而对跟踪算法做出改进。针对跟踪目标特性,设计了一种自适应模板目标相关跟踪算法,并搭建了基于粗精复合轴跟踪系统的实验平台,开展了实验验证。结果表明：与当前常用跟踪算法相比,该设计处理速度可达 1 kfps,目标跟踪位置与真实位置基本重合,目标跟踪准确率高于98%,在处理速度、跟踪准确率与算法鲁棒性上均有较大提升,具有一定的实用性。     

指数分布基于多重定数截尾样本中异常数据的检验

讨论多重定数截尾指数型寿命数据,对同时存在异常大数据和异常小数据的情形给出了检验方法,得到了检验异常数据的判别标准,最后以一实例说明其应用.     

Development,integrated investigation,laboratory and in-flight testing of Chibis-M microsatellite ADCS

Design, analytical investigation, laboratory and in-flight testing of the attitude determination and control system (ADCS) of a microsatellites are considered. The system consists of three pairs of reaction wheels, three magnetorquers, a set of Sun sensors, a three-axis magnetometer and a control unit. The ADCS is designed for a small 10–50 kg LEO satellite. System development is accomplished in several steps: satellite dynamics preliminary study using asymptotical and numerical techniques, hardware and software design, laboratory testing of each actuator and sensor and the whole ADCS. Laboratory verification is carried out on the specially designed test-bench.In-flight ADCS exploitation results onboard the Russian microsatellite “Chibis-M” are presented. The satellite was developed, designed and manufactured by the Institute of Space Research of RAS. “Chibis-M” was launched by the “Progress-13M” cargo vehicle on January 25, 2012 after undocking from the International Space Station (ISS). This paper assess both the satellite and the ADCS mock-up dynamics. Analytical, numerical and laboratory study results are in good correspondence with in-flight data.     

Innovation and change? The evolution of Europe's small satellite manufacturers

Since the 1980s a trend has emerged to contain the cost of space missions, which has favored trials in the construction and launch of small satellites. This effort has considerably reduced the cost of the satellites because the construction process uses both traditional components and important technological innovations. There have also been market openings for small satellites, both within the telecommunication sector and for scientific missions and those related to Earth observation. This paper contains the results of a survey of the largest manufacturers of small satellites in Europe and investigates how far (if at all) they have changed the structure of the European space industry. It finds that, through the acquisition of small satellite manufacturers, traditional large companies operating in the field of space in Europe have secured for themselves important technological innovations and market opportunities, while maintaining their oligopolistic position.     

Vision-based bio-inspired guidance law for small aerial vehicle

During predation, a flying insect can form a stealth flight path. This behavior is called motion camouflage. Based on the study results of this behavior, the perception and neurology of flying insects, a novel bio-inspired guidance law is proposed for the terminal guidance for small aerial vehicle with charge-coupled device imaging seekers. The kinematics relationship between a small aerial vehicle and target is analyzed, and a two-dimensional guidance law model is established by using artificial neural networks. To compare with the proportional guidance law, the numerical simulations are carried out in the vertical plane and in the horizontal plane respectively. The simulation results show that the ballistic of the small aerial vehicle is straighter and the normal acceleration is smaller by using the bio-inspired guidance law than by using the proportional guidance law. That is to say, the bio-inspired guidance law just uses the information of the target from the imaging seeker,but the performance of it can be better than that of the proportional guidance law.     

Gray bootstrap method for estimating frequency-varying random vibration signals with small samples

During environment testing, the estimation of random vibration signals （RVS） is an important technique for the airborne platform safety and reliability. However, the available meth- ods including extreme value envelope method （EVEM）, statistical tolerances method （STM） and improved statistical tolerance method （ISTM） require large samples and typical probability distri- bution. Moreover, the frequency-varying characteristic of RVS is usually not taken into account. Gray bootstrap method （GBM） is proposed to solve the problem of estimating frequency-varying RVS with small samples. Firstly, the estimated indexes are obtained including the estimated inter- val, the estimated uncertainty, the estimated value, the estimated error and estimated reliability. In addition, GBM is applied to estimating the single flight testing of certain aircraft. At last, in order to evaluate the estimated performance, GBM is compared with bootstrap method （BM） and gray method （GM） in testing analysis. The result shows that GBM has superiority for estimating dynamic signals with small samples and estimated reliability is proved to be 100% at the given confidence level.     

Blood and small intestine cell kinetics under radiation exposures: Mathematical modeling

Mathematical models which describe the dynamics of two vital body systems (hematopoiesis and small intestinal epithelium) in mammals exposed to acute and chronic radiation are developed. These models, based on conventional biological theories, are implemented as systems of nonlinear differential equations. Their variables and constant parameters have clear biological meaning, that provides successful identification and verification of the models in hand. It is shown that the predictions of the models qualitatively and quantitatively agree with the respective experimental data for small laboratory animals (mice, rats) exposed to acute/chronic irradiation in wide ranges of doses and dose rates. The explanation of a number of radiobiological effects, including those of the low-level long-term exposures, is proposed proceeding from the modeling results. All this bears witness to the validity of employment of the developed models, after a proper identification, in investigation and prediction of radiation effects on the hematopoietic and small intestinal epithelium systems in various mammalian species, including humans. In particular, the models can be used for estimating effects of irradiation on astronauts in the long-term space missions, such as Lunar colonies and Mars voyages.