飞轮姿控小卫星模糊控制方法研究

对三轴稳定飞轮姿控小卫星的模糊控制方法进行了研究。不考虑解耦运算,基于模糊控制,以姿态角偏差及偏差变化率为输入,飞轮转动角加速度为输出,在每个通道分别加入模糊控制器,实现了对小卫星滚转、俯仰和偏航通道耦合系统的有效控制。仿真结果表明:该法对干扰抑制明显、对结构参数变化不敏感,响应过程有良好的快速性和较高的稳态精度(可达1×10-4rad),可避免传统方法中对动力学方程的直接解耦操作,应用时可将模糊控制规则转化为控制表储存在星载计算机,简单高效。     

Design of an innovative multi-stage forming process for a complex aeronautical thin-walled part with very small radii

In this paper, an aeronautical thin-walled part with a complex geometry which has several sharp bends and curvatures in different directions was investigated. This kind of part is difficult to be manufactured only in one stage. Therefore, an innovative multi-stage active hydroforming process assisted by the rigid forming method was designed. In addition, an optimized blank geometry is obtained. In fact, the main focused point of this paper is to propose a new small radius rounded corner forming technique and analyze the mechanism. Two kinds of forming modes of changing a big rounded corner into a small one, which are related to different tangential positions of the die in the process of calibration, are analyzed theoretically. Meanwhile, the stress and strain states of the deformation region are compared. The relationships between the minimum relative radii of rounded corners I and II in the first stage and the hydraulic pressure are calculated by the bending theory. Finally, the influences of the tensile-bulging effect and the interface condition of the double-layer sheet on the forming quality of the specimen are investigated. The achieved results can make a foundation for utilizing the proposed method in forming of thin-walled parts with very small radii.     

一种基于MBSE的小卫星测控分系统建模设计方法

基于模型的系统工程MBSE思想和信息化手段,以模型为核心、关系追溯为手段,集合测控分系统技术指标、设计经验等知识信息,提出一种基于MBSE的小卫星测控分系统建模设计解决方案。利用模型承载文档,显性化经验、信息、关系,形成基于模型的知识管理工具,提高工作效率,解放设计师,实现知识经验的数字化模型化承载,为小卫星测控分系统由经验设计向仿真设计转变,由基于文档到基于模型的研制模式转变,由实物验证向虚拟和实物验证相结合转变进行了探索和尝试。     

Electrochemical drilling of small holes by regulating in real-time the electrolyte flowrate in multiple channels

Electrochemical drilling(ECD) provides an alternative technique for drilling multiple small holes in difficult-to-machine materials in numerous industrial applications such as for aeroengines. The value and fluctuation of electrolyte flowrate can seriously affect the machining stability and hole quality in ECD. In particular, when drilling multiple holes, the distribution and fluctuations of the electrolyte flowrate in each channel could influence the uniformity of the electrolyte flowrate among...     

激光选区熔化成型316L不锈钢工艺参数研究

针对激光选区熔化成型316L不锈钢工艺参数选择问题,采用单因素条件变量分析法,在激光选区熔化过程中,分析了激光功率、扫描速度对316L不锈钢成型零件表面粗糙度、致密度、硬度和尺寸偏差的影响规律。结果表明：当激光功率降低或者扫描速度提高时,内部能量密度减小,粉末熔化量减少,试样表面球化效应增强,孔隙缺陷增多,试样致密度减小、硬度降低;当激光功率提高或者扫描速度降低时,内部能量密度增大,粉末被过度烧蚀,产生较大的尺寸偏差,所形成熔道易塌陷,导致层间结合较差,试样性能降低。当激光功率为300 W、扫描速度为1000 mm/s时,能量密度适中,形成了较好的冶金结合,抗拉强度可达753 MPa,上表面硬度HRB能达到97.22。该项研究为316L不锈钢激光选区熔化工艺参数的合理选择提供了参考。     

Analysis of Chang’e-5 lunar core drilling process

Chang’e-5 explorer successfully acquired lunar regolith core samples from depths of greater than 1 m of lunar surface. This study analyzed the lunar core drilling process based on the telemetry data, image information, and returned samples to optimize the sampling device design and enhance the understanding of the lunar regolith. In particular, a prediction method for the projected drilling path and local terrain fitting of drilling dip angle was proposed based on the flight events recorded during the core drilling process and the image information acquired before, during, and after sampling. The results revealed that the drilling dip angle of Chang’e-5 was approximately 2.3°, and the deviation of the drilling length and depth was less than 2 mm. For continuous drilling, a fusion method based on telemetry data and image information was applied to determine the demarcation point of drilling with and without the lunar soil. The position of the demarcation point implied that the drilling point remained at approximately 6 mm loose soil, thereby lagging the action of the force response. Additionally, a characteristic parameter comparison method was proposed for the lunar and ground drilling to analyze the status of the lunar soil. Furthermore, the analysis results revealed that the majority of the Chang’e-5 drilling samples were derived from 0–73.8 cm below the lunar surface and few samples were extracted below 73.8 cm, as the drilling encountered several rocky regions. Moreover, the drilling point exhibited two prominent stratification variations at ～28.7 cm and ～70 cm below the lunar surface. Ultimately, the preliminary relationship between sample dissected position in soft tube and drilling displacement was analyzed. The segmented estimation results can support research on subsurface lunar soil.     

复合叶片对小流量工况下燃油离心泵非定常特性的影响

为了研究长中短复合叶片对小流量工况下燃油离心泵非定常特性的影响规律,基于CFD技术对某型燃油离心泵进行了非定常数值模拟。首先,分别建立原型方案和带有长中短复合叶片的优化方案的离心泵三维模型和网格模型。其次,基于RNG k-ε湍流模型,对两个方案中泵内流动非定常特性进行数值计算。仿真结果表明：长中短复合叶片减弱了叶轮流道内的大尺度漩涡,降低了叶轮的出口滑移,使得压力分布更加均匀。同时,叶轮与隔舌的动静干涉造成了蜗壳内一定程度的压力脉动产生,且长中短复合叶片相对较低。另一方面,小流量工况下,优化方案中离心泵的扬程为1826m,效率为26.9%,比原型方案中离心泵的扬程和效率分别提高了3.6%和2.6%。     

基于注意力机制和特征匹配的空对地多目标检测与跟踪算法

多目标跟踪算法是实现无人机自主导航的关键技术，为解决现有方法存在的小目标检测能力弱、计算能耗大、鲁棒性差等问题，提出一种基于注意力机制和特征匹配的多目标空对地跟踪算法，以实现航拍视角下对目标的精准高效跟踪。首先，引入通道可分离卷积，实现目标检测模型的轻量化；其次，构造融合空间注意力机制的小目标检测分支，提高对小微目标的检测精度，最后，优化目标跟踪算法的外观重识别网络，提高多目标跟踪效率。使用Visdrone2019-MOT数据集对所提算法进行验证，实验结果表明，所提算法的MOTA值提高了0.６%，FPS值为21.31帧/s，在模型大小和跟踪精度上实现了较好的平衡。