Scatter factor confidence interval estimate of least square maximum entropy quantile function for small samples

Classic maximum entropy quantile function method (CMEQFM) based on the probabil-ity weighted moments (PWMs) can accurately estimate the quantile function of random variable on small samples, but inaccurately on the very small samples. To overcome this weakness, least square maximum entropy quantile function method (LSMEQFM) and that with constraint condition (LSMEQFMCC) are proposed. To improve the confidence level of quantile function estimation, scatter factor method is combined with maximum entropy method to estimate the confidence inter-val of quantile function. From the comparisons of these methods about two common probability distributions and one engineering application, it is showed that CMEQFM can estimate the quan-tile function accurately on the small samples but inaccurately on the very small samples (10 sam-ples); LSMEQFM and LSMEQFMCC can be successfully applied to the very small samples;with consideration of the constraint condition on quantile function, LSMEQFMCC is more stable and computationally accurate than LSMEQFM; scatter factor confidence interval estimation method based on LSMEQFM or LSMEQFMCC has good estimation accuracy on the confidence interval of quantile function, and that based on LSMEQFMCC is the most stable and accurate method on the very small samples (10 samples).     

机场历史高峰服务能力评估方法研究

探讨了机场历史高峰服务能力评估中历史高峰运行数据的频率筛选阈值与样本基数的关联，在此基础上提出大数据样本的历史高峰服务架次评估方法，并以广州机场、上海浦东机场、上海虹桥机场、南京机场和大连机场的实际历史数据加以分析与验证。实验表明：历史高峰运行数据频率筛选阈值至少3次的选取，适用范围为1460个左右的样本基数，所提出的大数据样本的历史高峰服务架次评估方法能够反映机场在常态运行环境下的高峰服务能力。     

Scheduling algorithms for rapid imaging using agile Cubesat constellations

Distributed Space Missions such as formation flight and constellations, are being recognized as important Earth Observation solutions to increase measurement samples over space and time. Cubesats are increasing in size (27U, ～40?kg in development) with increasing capabilities to host imager payloads. Given the precise attitude control systems emerging in the commercial market, Cubesats now have the ability to slew and capture images within short notice. We propose a modular framework that combines orbital mechanics, attitude control and scheduling optimization to plan the time-varying, full-body orientation of agile Cubesats in a constellation such that they maximize the number of observed images and observation time, within the constraints of Cubesat hardware specifications. The attitude control strategy combines bang-bang and PD control, with constraints such as power consumption, response time, and stability factored into the optimality computations and a possible extension to PID control to account for disturbances. Schedule optimization is performed using dynamic programming with two levels of heuristics, verified and improved upon using mixed integer linear programming. The automated scheduler is expected to run on ground station resources and the resultant schedules uplinked to the satellites for execution, however it can be adapted for onboard scheduling, contingent on Cubesat hardware and software upgrades. The framework is generalizable over small steerable spacecraft, sensor specifications, imaging objectives and regions of interest, and is demonstrated using multiple 20?kg satellites in Low Earth Orbit for two case studies – rapid imaging of Landsat’s land and coastal images and extended imaging of global, warm water coral reefs. The proposed algorithm captures up to 161% more Landsat images than nadir-pointing sensors with the same field of view, on a 2-satellite constellation over a 12-h simulation. Integer programming was able to verify that optimality of the dynamic programming solution for single satellites was within 10%, and find up to 5% more optimal solutions. The optimality gap for constellations was found to be 22% at worst, but the dynamic programming schedules were found at nearly four orders of magnitude better computational speed than integer programming. The algorithm can include cloud cover predictions, ground downlink windows or any other spatial, temporal or angular constraints into the orbital module and be integrated into planning tools for agile constellations.     

壁挂式主频可调变截面小卫星结构设计与验证

针对多星并联布局“一箭多星”发射小卫星的模式，为降低星箭连接界面结构受力、提高卫星结构对不同运载火箭的主频适应性、提高星内设备安装空间利用率，本文设计了一种壁挂式主频可调变截面小卫星结构。对该卫星结构，开展了基于有限元方法的模态和静力分析验证，还开展了地面鉴定级振动试验验证和在轨飞行试验验证。分析和试验结果表明，壁挂式卫星结构相比底部连接式卫星结构，星箭连接界面受力可降低67.7%；在不增加卫星结构质量的前提下，仅通过安装或拆卸主传力路径上的部分连接螺钉，就能实现卫星3个方向一阶频率10 Hz左右的可调范围；采用沿运载火箭轴线方向横截面大小可变的变截面结构设计，可将星内设备安装空间的利用率由等截面卫星结构的49.1%提高到74.2%。     

基于灰色距离测度的粗大误差判别方法

小样本试验数据的概率分布特征难以确定,使用传统的粗大误差判别方法存在较大风险。为了有效判别小样本试验数据中的粗大误差,本文探讨了基于试验数据之间的距离关系和拓扑结构的灰色距离测度的概念、数学意义、性质,在此基础上提出粗大误差判别方法。最后取一组小样本数据进行计算,实例结果表明所提出的方法合理有效。     

基于FSS-kernelBSS方法的机械故障诊断

机械设备发生故障时,故障特征的提取是很重要的.为了从观测信号中分离出不同的故障特征源信号,并根据分离信号准确地进行故障诊断,从观测信号样本出发,提出了基于有限支持样本核函数的盲源分离(FSS-kernel BSS)方法.此方法利用有限的观测样本估计信号的概率分布,得到了评价函数,具有很好的自适应能力.仿真试验结果表明:此方法能成功地分离超、亚高斯混合信号,与其他盲源分离方法相比,此方法具有更好的分离性能.将该方法用于转子不平衡和支座松动的复合故障信号的盲分离,分离出了各复合故障的主要频谱.分离结果表明:此方法应用于机械设备复合故障诊断中是可行的.     

小天体自主附着技术研究进展

基于国际上已实施的小天体探测任务和未来小天体附着探测技术的发展趋势,阐述了小天体自主附着的必要性及关键技术。首先回顾了已成功实施的小天体探测任务的特点,进而总结了小天体自主附着的难点问题,概括分析了小天体自主附着所涉及的关键技术及其研究进展,最后对未来小天体自主附着技术的研究热点和发展趋势进行了展望。     

A six-degree-of-freedom hardware-in-the-loop simulator for small spacecraft

This paper presents a novel six degree of freedom, ground-based experimental testbed, designed for testing new guidance, navigation, and control algorithms for the relative motion of nano-satellites. The development of innovative guidance, navigation and control methodologies is a necessary step in the advance of autonomous spacecraft. The testbed allows for testing these algorithms in a one-g laboratory environment. The system stands out among the existing experimental platforms because all degrees of freedom of motion are controlled via real thrusters, as it would occur on orbit, with no use of simulated dynamics and servo actuators. The hardware and software components of the testbed are detailed in the paper, as is the motion tracking system used to perform its navigation. A Lyapunov-based strategy for closed loop control is used in hardware-in-the loop experiments to successfully demonstrate the full six-degree-of-freedom system׳s capabilities. In particular, the test case shows a two-phase regulation experiment, commanding both position and attitude to reach specified final state vectors.     

基于STK的小卫星轨道交会设计研究

利用球面三角形的几何关系进行了基于STK(卫星工具包)的小卫星轨道交会的规划和设计。采用一种较为方便的轨道交会设计方法,并使用功能强大的专业STK软件来仿真和演示,取得了良好的仿真效果,能够较好地满足航天器轨道交会设计的要求,对于其它类型的轨道规划有一定的借鉴作用,为各种航天器的仿真研究提供了一种新的方法。     

一种多卫星编队飞行的准确定位方法

为实现多卫星编队飞行的准确定位，用微型扫描激光距离探测器(MS-LRF)确定卫星间的相对位置．并给出了不同的算法。该方法的精度高、速度快，无需坐标变换，其可靠性和可行性较高。