United Nations Human Space Technology Initiative (HSTI)

The Human Space Technology Initiative was launched in 2010 within the framework of the United Nations Programme on Space Applications implemented by the Office for Outer Space Affairs of the United Nations. It aims to involve more countries in activities related to human spaceflight and space exploration and to increase the benefits from the outcome of such activities through international cooperation, to make space exploration a truly international effort.     

武术套路锻炼对大学生心理健康影响的研究

采用文献资料、实验、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、数理统计等方法,通过对随机选择的100名18-20岁自愿参加武术套路锻炼的大学生人群进行12个月武术套路锻炼的实验,分析和探讨武术套路锻炼对大学生心理健康的影响。结果显示:大学生武术套路锻炼人群12个月实验后的心理状态明显好于实验前;其中3项指标具有显著性差异(P<0.05),5项指标差异性非常显著(P<0.01)。研究表明:武术套路锻炼能够较全面地改善大学生的心理状态,提高心理健康水平,可以作为大学生提高身心健康水平的一种手段;但武术套路锻炼是内外兼修较为长期的过程,部分心理因子在短期内效果甚微。     

富氢/富氧燃气气-气喷嘴热试

针对全流量补燃循环发动机气-气燃烧关键技术,设计了以气动谐振点火器为点火装置的气氢/气氧富氧预燃室、气氢/气氧富氢预燃室和气-气喷嘴燃烧室,开展了同轴剪切喷嘴气-气燃烧试验研究。试验结果表明,试验方案设计合理,系统稳定可靠,气-气喷嘴燃烧效率最高达到97.2%。随氧喷注器压降增加,燃烧室壁面的热载荷增加,燃烧效率降低。     

Acceleration sensors based modal identification and active vibration control of flexible smart cantilever plate

Some flexible appendages of spacecrafts, such as solar panels, are cantilever plate structures. Thus, vibration problem is unavoidable when there is slewing maneuver or external disturbance excitation. Vibration of such cantilever plate structures includes coupled bending and torsional motion. Furthermore, the low amplitude vibration near the equilibrium point is very difficult to be quickly suppressed due to nonlinear factors of the hardware in the system, which is harmful to stability and attitude control accuracy. To solve these problems, acceleration sensor-based modal identification and active vibration control methods are presented for the first two bending and the first two torsional modes vibration of the cantilever plate. Optimal placements of three acceleration sensors and PZT patches actuators are performed to decouple the bending and torsional vibration of such cantilever plate for sensing and actuating, and identifications are achieved by experiments. A nonlinear control method is presented to suppress both high and low amplitude vibrations of flexible smart cantilever plate significantly. Experimental comparison researches are conducted by using acceleration proportional feedback and the presented nonlinear control algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that the presented acceleration sensor-based methods can suppress the vibration of cantilever plate effectively.     

褶皱对碳纤维复合材料层合板压缩性能的影响

为研究纤维褶皱对碳纤维复合材料层合板压缩性能的影响,参考ASTM D6641—2014完成了含纤维褶皱碳纤维层合板压缩性能试验;同时采用基于Hashin失效准则及性能逐渐退化的渐进损伤方法进行了有限元分析。结果表明：褶皱程度为30%的凹陷试验件压缩极限载荷相比完好试验件降低了58.48%;同等褶皱程度下凹陷试验件比凸起试验件抗压强度更低;褶皱程度为30%的凹陷试验件刚度相比完好试验件降低了35.80%;有限元分析结果与试验吻合良好,试验件的损伤最初为基体损伤,经过扩展导致试验件在褶皱处断裂。     

Simulation and experimental investigation on a dynamic lateral flow mode in trepanning electrochemical machining

An appropriate flow mode of electrolyte has a positive effect on process efficiency, surface roughness, and machining accuracy in the electrochemical machining(ECM) process. In this study, a new dynamic lateral flow mode, in which the electrolyte flows from the leading edge to the trailing edge, was proposed in trepanning ECM of a diffuser. Then a numerical model of the channel was set up and simulated by using computational fluid dynamics software. The result showed that the distribution of the flow field was comparatively uniform in the inter-electrode gap. Furthermore, a fixture was designed to realize this new flow mode and then corresponding experiments were carried out. The experimental results illustrated that the feeding rate of the cathode reached 2 mm/min, the best taper angle was about 0.4°, and the best surface roughness was up to Ra= 0.115 lm. It reflects that this flow mode is suitable and effective, and can also be applied to machining other complex structures in trepanning ECM.     

Experimental study of hydrogen-rich/oxygen-rich gas-gas injectors

Five types of coaxial injectors were investigated experimentally using hot hydrogen-rich gas and oxygen-rich gas, which were respectively provided by a GH2/GO2 hydrogen-rich perburner and a GH2/GO2 oxygen-rich preburner. The injectors were the shear coaxial injector, the oxidizer post expansion coaxial injector, the fuel impinging coaxial injector, the central body coaxial injector, and the shear tri-coaxial injector. The characteristic velocity efficiency and the combustor＇s wall temperatures were obtained for different design parameters through the experiments. It can be con- cluded that angles of the oxidizer post expansion and the fuel impinging have little influence on the combustion performance and the wall temperatures. The contact area between fuel and oxidizer and the mass flow rate have significant impacts on the combustion performance. The shear tri-coaxial injector has the best combustion performance but also the highest wall temperatures among the five types of injectors.     

Experimental comparison between aircraft fuel tank inerting processes using NEA and MIG

Fuel tank inerting technologies are able to reduce the fire risk by injection of inert gas into the ullage or fuel, the former called ullage washing and the latter fuel scrubbing. The Green On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (GOBIGGS) is a novel technology based on flameless catalytic combustion, and owning to its simple structure and high inerting efficiency, it has received a lot of attentions. The inert gas in the GOBIGGS is mainly comprised of CO₂, N₂, and O₂ (hereinafter, Mixed Inert Gas (MIG)), while that in the On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (OBIGGS), which is one of the most widely used fuel tank inerting technologies, is Nitrogen-Enriched Air (NEA). The solubility of CO₂ is nearly 20 times higher than that of N₂ in jet fuels, so the inerting capability and performance are definitely disparate if the inert gas is selected as NEA or MIG. An inerting test bench was constructed to compare the inerting capabilities between NEA and MIG. Experimental results reveal that, if ullage washing is adopted, the variations of oxygen concentrations on the ullage and in the fuel are nearly identical no matter the inert gas is NEA or MIG. However, the ullage and dissolved oxygen concentrations of MIG scrubbing are always higher than those of NEA scrubbing.     

冶金法提纯多晶硅退火工艺优化的数学模型分析与试验验证

冶金法制备多晶硅过程中,通过对不同退火温控方案进行数学建模,探求优化的退火理论温度控制函数与曲线。数学模型表明,对硅铸锭直接进行保温,依靠自然热平衡退火,会使内部应力大于产生位错的临界应力;采用加热元件对硅铸锭适当加热保温可减缓降温速率。通过比较,选择较低的退火温度1 236℃和较短的退火时间8.52 ks作为试验退火温控方案。试验验证表明,该退火方案得到的多晶硅铸锭目视裂纹较少,少数载流子寿命与电阻率具有明显优势。