超宽谱钛宝石飞秒激光器的研究进展

超宽谱钛宝石飞秒激光器的出现是近年来飞秒激光技术的重要进展之一.文章对近年来国际上出现的几种主要的钛宝石超宽谱飞秒激光器的原理、结构及优缺点进行了介绍,给出了其发展趋势.     

Study on Inclusions in Large Sapphire Optical Crystal Grown by SAPMAC Method

The sapphire (Al2O3) single crystal is a kind of excellent infrared transmission window materials. A large-sized sapphire (Φ225 mm×205 mm, 27.5 kg) was grown by SAPMAC method (sapphire growth technique with micro-pulling and shoulder-expanding at cooled center). Several kinds of inclusion in the large sapphire crystal were investigated by means of an optical microscopy (OM), scan-ning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The experimental results show that most inclusions are consisted of solid metallic and non-metallic particles as well as gas pores caused by the impurity of alumina as the raw material, the thermal dissociation of aluminum oxide melt and the reaction of the melt to the crucible material (Mo) at high temperatures. It is also found that in different crystal regions the inclusions are of varied sizes, morphology and chemical compositions. Finally, the measures to reduce and eliminate the inclusions are proposed to improve the crystal quality.     

GOI法蓝宝石单晶生长温场优化设计与模拟分析

通过对温场的数值模拟计算,发现外加轴向、径向温度梯度能够提高界面稳定性,减小熔体热对流,有利提高晶体的生长质量.根据大尺寸蓝宝石晶体生长的温场要求,对常规的GOI法晶体生长炉进行了改造,并设计了独特的加热体形状和隔热屏结构,能够为晶体生长系统提供可控的轴向、径向温度梯度.通过试验比较也证明了改造温场后的单晶炉能够生长出性能较好的大尺寸蓝宝石晶体.     

蓝宝石整流罩与金属弹体新型的连接方法研究

阐述了蓝宝石整流罩与金属弹体的连接结构和连接方法,从应力缓解、性能可靠性和工艺可行性等方面对连接方法进行了分析比较,指出了活性钎焊连接将是两者连接的发展趋势.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。