初步设计阶段倾转旋翼机短距起飞性能设计方法研究

倾转旋翼机兼具垂直起降和高速巡航能力,已在诸多领域得到广泛应用。研究倾转旋翼机特有的短距起飞方式下的起飞性能设计计算方法,对飞机研制项目的成功具有重要意义。提出一套适用于初步设计阶段短距起飞方式下的起飞性能设计方法,该方法包括短舱最小倾斜角的确定、起飞离地速度和起飞距离计算公式的推导;同时将该方法用于倾转旋翼机的初步设计,并分析机场海拔高度和不同天气条件对起飞性能的影响。结果表明:该方法计算结果合理,符合起飞规律,具有良好的工程应用价值。     

Numerical simulation of the three-dimensional flow-path in a ram-rotor

A kind of three-dimensional flow-path of the ram-rotor was designed in this paper according to the design method of the typical supersonic intake of aircraft and missiles,especially the design method of the compression ramp,the throat and the subsonic diffuser.The design Mach number of the flow-path was based on the averaged relative Mach number,regardless of the change of incoming Mach number along radial direction of the flow-path.Then,the flowfield of the designed flow-path was simulated numerically with computational fluid dynamics software at design point.The purpose of simulation was to obtain the details of the flowfield,including the structure of the shock wave system,position of flow separation zone,and so on.The performance of the ram-rotor was also evaluated.The numerical results show the structure of the shock wave system in the flow-path is similar to that in the supersonic intake.To improve the overall performance of the ram-rotor,the reasonable compromise between the total pressure ratio and the isentropic adiabatic efficiency should be reached.The structure optimization of the flow-path and the configuration of the shock wave system have great influence on the performance of the ram-rotor.      

压气机性能参数对积垢的敏感性分析

压气机工作过程中,叶片表面逐渐沉积了一层积垢,这将使压气机的压比、效率下降,降低发动机的输出功率。分别对积垢分布在叶片前缘、吸力面与压力面以及不同转速下的压气机性能参数进行了仿真计算,结果表明：压气机在不同污染程度和不同转速下,入口压差对积垢的变化都是比较敏感的,而且便于测量,不易受外界干扰,对估计压气机积垢的污染程度和确定压气机清洗时机具有指导意义。     

航空电气电弧、短路危害及保护研究

航空电气电弧、短路可能会导致难以挽回的损失,研究航空电气电弧、短路的危害及其保护措施具有 重要意义。通过试验室搭建民用飞机典型的115V/400Hz三相交流电气线路,选取金属导体作为多余物,采 用试验法对飞机电气电弧、短路故障现象进行研究,验证和分析传统热断路器的工作特性,确认电气电弧、短路 故障对电气线路和设备产生的危害程度;同时,分析三种更好的电气电弧、短路保护方法。结果表明:传统热断 路器仅对短路故障具有保护作用,对电气电弧不能产生保护作用;三种新的保护方法电弧检测和保护时间过 长,电弧已对导线和设备产品造成不可恢复的损坏。     

Introduction to global short message communication service of BeiDou-3 navigation satellite system

Short Message Communication (SMC) is a featured service of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). After its successful deployment in 2003, Regional Short Message Communication (RSMC) service has been continuously serving China and its neighboring countries and regions, especially in life safety scenarios. In this paper, the architecture of the Global Short Message Communication (GSMC) system is proposed based on the medium earth orbit (MEO) constellation and the crosslinks of the global BeiDou navigation system (BDS-3). Three subtypes of GSMC service, i.e. positioning report, emergency search and rescue (SAR) and regular SMC are designed in accordance with the technical characteristic of integration of navigation and communication in BDS-3, which supports future wide applications of GSMC. The performance of the designed GSMC system is analyzed by numerical calculations. As BDS-3 was officially announced completion on July 31, 2020, GSMC has been providing initial service. First test results of the in orbit GSMC payloads are also presented in the paper to verify the designed capabilities. Preliminary results also show that the requirements of Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) can also be fulfilled.     

Fractal analysis of short and intermediate GRB and the fireball model

In the present work the possibility of the fractal analysis application for GRB temporal profiles was studied. We have analysed the 4B revised BATSE catalog: temporal profiles of GRB with t₉₀ < 3 s (287 short and 100 intermediate) were studied on TTE data, a sample of 278 intermediate GRB with t₉₀  3 s were studied on DISCSC data. An analysis of the background fractal dimension distributions obtained using TTE and DISCSC data (143 and 110 background regions, respectively), indicates that for both datasets background fractal dimensions D_bgr = 1.5 that the fractal dimension distributions obtained by using these data can be processed simultaneously. The change of the fractal index D_bgr for Poisson statistics – dominated sets with different coefficients of error in counting (up to 10) was studied and D_bgr = 1.5. The ranges of fractal dimension (0.80  D  2.25 for short and 0.85  D  2.01 for intermediate GRB) are shifted over range for theoretical fractal curve (1 < D < 2) due to the finite detector time resolution. There are four subgroups in fractal dimension distribution for short GRB (D = 1.05 ± 0.03, D = 1.31 ± 0.05, D = 1.51 ± 0.04, D = 1.90 ± 0.03) and six subgroups for intermediate one (D = 1.05 ± 0.09, D = 1.24 ± 0.08, D = 1.44 ± 0.07, D = 1.51 ± 0.08, D = 1.64 ± 0.07, D = 1.91 ± 0.1). Time profiles with fractal dimension smaller then background can be obtained by using models with many short chaotic processes in sources, for example, fireball model with shock waves. The range of fractal dimensions for the modelled temporal profiles is 1.213  D  1.400, which can correspond to subgroups of short and intermediate GRB with D = 1.31 and D = 1.24; moreover, the fractal dimension of a simulated indented event and GRB990208 are equal within the error limits for some model parameters and it is possible to obtain smooth temporal profiles with D = D_bgr.     

埋入式进气道流场数值计算与实验研究

应用有限体积法对埋入式弯曲进气道内外流场进行了数值计算。用ＴＴＭ法生成贴体网格;用ｋ－ε模型模拟复杂湍流流动。计算结果表明,前方气流一部分被吸入管道,另一部分沿机体表面流向下游。管道入口背风侧存在一个分离区,管道内部气流畸变严重。计算结果和实验数据吻合较好。     

航空发动机过渡态试验进气压力线性自抗扰控制方法

航空发动机高空模拟试车台过渡态试验中进气控制系统受扰严重,常规方法难以有效提升进气压力控制品质,提出了一种基于线性自抗扰的进气压力控制方法。采用机理建模和系统辨识手段搭建高置信度进气仿真平台,设计线性自抗扰控制器,实现对发动机扰动影响的实时预估和补偿,形成具有主动抗扰机制的进气压力控制方法。考虑实际使用中存在控制器手/自动及控制器间的切换问题,设计实用型无扰切换方法。仿真环境下,将该方法与比例积分微分(PID)进行对比,结果显示进气压力最大偏离值由7.69kPa缩小至0.9kPa,且能够快速收敛趋于稳定,表明了该方法无需发动机信息即可实现进气压力的有效控制,通用性高,抗扰性优,能够大幅提升发动机过渡态试验中进气系统的调节品质。      

直升机动力舱冷却系统冷却孔进气优化设计

对某型民用直升机动力舱冷却系统冷却孔的进气性能开展优化研究,参考飞机辅助动力单元(Applicant power unit,APU)进气系统形式设计了两类收风装置。采用数值仿真手段,对比分析在多个速度的前飞状态和不同爬升率的爬升状态下3处冷却孔的进气性能。结果显示基于Scoop型设计的收风装置在直升机大速度前飞状态收风效果最好,但在小速度前飞状态进气性能没有得到改善。基于Flush型设计的收风装置同样具有改善进气性能的作用,其最显著优点是在所有飞行状态均保证较高的冷却进气量。为后续的优化设计研究工作指明了方向。     

Study of geometric parameters for the design of short intakes with fan modelling

The flow over a short intake is characterised by a strong interaction with the fan, that can only be captured when the rotor blades are modelled in the numerical simulations. In this paper, we use a coupled methodology to derive indications about relevant geometric variables affecting the high-incidence operation of an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan intake with a length-to-diameter ratio of 0.35. By reproducing the effect of the fan through a body force model, we carry out a parametric study o...