平流层长航时气球轨迹控制系统研究

首先介绍了平流层气球的应用意义及进行轨迹控制的必要性,然后描述了一种基于不同海拔风速差的轨迹控制方法,简要说明了平流层风速随海拔的变化规律,在此基础上研究了包括超压气球和轨迹控制系统在内的气球飞行系统各部分特点,最后简单分析了整个飞行系统的建模与仿真中的要点问题。结果表明,这种轨迹控制方法是一种几乎不需要消耗能源的有效轨迹控制方法,具有较高的应用价值和推广价值。     

航空发动机单管燃烧室试验器测控系统设计

为满足新型燃烧试验需求,针对航空发动机燃烧室试验中单管试验器的特点,提出并设计了1种基于以太网的分布式测控系统。详细阐述了该系统的总体设计方案,分别从软件和硬件两方面研究分析了该系统的详细设计过程,并对其进行了测量不确定度分析。目前该系统已经完成试验前调试,并已顺利完成了多项单管燃烧室燃烧试验任务。结果表明:该系统可靠性高、稳定性良好、通用性强,满足试验器测控需求,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

Sliding mode control design for oblique wing aircraft in wing skewing process

When the wing of Oblique Wing Aircraft (OWA) is skewed, the center of gravity, inertia and aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft all significantly change, causing an undesirable flight dynamic response, affecting the flying qualities, and even endangering the flight safety. In this study, the dynamic response of an OWA in the wing skewing process is simulated, showing that the three-axis movements of the OWA are highly coupled and present nonlinear characteristics during the wing skewing. As the roll control efficiency of the aileron decreases due to the shortened control arm in an oblique configuration, the all-moving horizontal tail is used for additional roll and the control allocation is performed based on minimum control energy. Given the properties of pitch-roll-yaw coupling and control input and state coupling, and the difficulty of establishing an accurate aerodynamic model in the wing skewing process due to unsteady aerodynamic force, a multi-loop sliding mode controller is formulated by the time-scale separation method. The closed-loop simulation results show that the asymmetric aerodynamics can be balanced and that the velocity and altitude of the aircraft maintain stable, which means that a smooth transition is obtained during the OWA’s wing skewing.     

Distributed intelligent self-organized mission planning of multi-UAV for dynamic targets cooperative search-attack

This article studies the cooperative search-attack mission problem with dynamic targets and threats, and presents a Distributed Intelligent Self-Organized Mission Planning (DISOMP) algorithm for multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (multi-UAV). The DISOMP algorithm can be divided into four modules: a search module designed based on the distributed Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm, an attack module designed based on the Parallel Approach (PA) scheme, a threat avoidance module designed based on the Dubins Curve (DC) and a communication module designed for information exchange among the multi-UAV system and the dynamic environment. A series of simulations of multi-UAV searching and attacking the moving targets are carried out, in which the search-attack mission completeness, execution efficiency and system suitability of the DISOMP algorithm are analyzed. The simulation results exhibit that the DISOMP algorithm based on online distributed down-top strategy is characterized by good flexibility, scalability and adaptability, in the dynamic targets searching and attacking problem.     

面向空中目标威胁评估的多传感器管理方法

为了降低在空中目标威胁评估任务中由于威胁评估结果的不准确性和传感器辐射所带来的潜在损失,提出了一种基于风险的多传感器管理方法。首先,基于部分可观马尔可夫决策过程建立了传感器管理模型;然后,给出了基于信息状态的威胁评估风险和传感器辐射风险的预测方法以量化潜在损失;接着,为获得更优的作战收益,以多步风险预测值为决策依据,以两种风险的加权和最小为优化目标建立了长期目标函数;最后,在求解目标函数时,将传感器管理问题转化为决策树搜索,设计了一种基于分支定界的标准代价搜索算法以快速获得高质量的管理方案。仿真实验表明,所提算法能够在搜索到高质量解的同时大幅减少计算时间和内存消耗;所提方法能够对风险进行准确预测,且相比于经典的传感器管理方法,所提方法具有更好的风险控制效果。     

高原航线运行控制研究:以“成都-稻城”航线为例

以"成都—稻城"航线为案例论述了高原航线的运行特点,根据航线的实际运行,提出运行控制的建议,研究表明:1)稻城机场天气报文中有17个小时为自动观测,需放行签派员与机场气象部门和场务部门联系确认发展趋势和跑道道面情况; 2)受四季气象特点的限制,推广新技术和适当增加航班备份燃油等措施对航班的签派放行和运行控制有重要的作用; 3)对复杂天气的评估和一发失效及客舱释压应急处置程序是高原航线运行控制的难点; 4)签派员参加高原机场"全动模拟机"训练和高原机场航线实习,有助于提升高原航线运行控制能力。     

柔性接头结构应力经验公式适用性

设计了接头球半径为8cm的柔性接头及其增强件环向应力电测系统,测试了不同燃烧室压强和摆角条件下增强件的环向应力,并与现有经验公式、有限元分析结果进行了对比,基于有限元分析研究了接头球半径变化对增强件环向压缩应力的影响,提出了新的接头球半径在6~10cm范围内增强件环向压缩应力估算公式,另外研究了喷管喉径对柔性接头结构应力的影响,讨论了冷试容器压强和热试车发动机燃烧室压强换算公式的适用性。结果表明:增强件环向压缩应力试验测试结果和有限元计算结果吻合较好,现有增强件环向压缩应力经验公式估算结果值得商榷,柔性接头冷试结构应力与热试结构应力是不同的,冷试容器压强和热试车发动机燃烧室压强换算公式对于增强件环向压缩应力是适用的,但是对弹性件切应力不适用。      

不同目标函数参数优化的FOPI直流调速控制

为了提高直流调速系统性能,将直流调速系统速度控制器设计为分数阶PI(FOPI),并与整数阶PI控制特性进行比较。在确定FOPI/PI控制器参数时,根据不同目标函数用粒子群算法对控制器参数进行了优化,并分析了不同目标函数所确定的控制器参数对调速系统性能的影响。仿真表明:FOPI有较好的控制性能。在设计控制器参数时,可根据性能要求选用不同的目标函数优化设计控制器参数。     

Assessment on critical technologies for conceptual design of blended-wing-body civil aircraft

Civil aviation faces great challenges because of its robust projected future growth and potential adverse environmental effects. The classical Tube-And-Wing(TAW) configuration following the Cayley's design principles has been optimized to the architecture's limit, which can hardly satisfy the further requirements on green aviation. By past decades' investigations the BlendedWing-Body(BWB) concept has emerged as a potential solution, which can simultaneously fulfill metrics of noise, emission and fuel burn. The purpose of the present work is to analyze the developments of critical technologies for BWB conceptual design from a historical perspective of technology progress. It was found that the high aerodynamic efficiency of BWB aircraft can be well scaled by the mean aerodynamic chord and wetted aspect ratio, and should be realized with the trade-offs among stability and control and low-speed performance. The structure concepts of non-cylinder pressurized cabin are of high risks on weight prediction and weight penalty. A static stability criterion is recommended and further clear and adequate criteria are required by the evaluations of flying and handling qualities. The difficulties of propulsion and airframe integration are analyzed. The energy to revenue work ratios of well-developed BWB configurations are compared,which are 31.5% and 40% better than that of TAW, using state-of-art engine technology and future engine technology, respectively. Finally, further study aspects are advocated.     

不同黏度树脂基复合材料软模成型设计与缺陷控制

根据碳纤维表面形貌与两种环氧树脂黏度特性,确定复合材料合适的固化压力。针对两种环氧树脂的黏度差异,比较膨胀压力设计及固化工艺优化方法。结果表明:高黏度环氧树脂体系的软模膨胀成型工艺适应性更好,固化周期缩短13. 6%,凝胶压力设计温度(135±5)℃能够保证产品内部质量,固化温度(170±5)℃降低产品变形风险,支撑梁构件缺陷比例0. 5%,满足航天结构复合材料质量控制新常态的要求。