扩压器内跨音速湍流的数值模拟

采用Johnson-King非平衡代数雷诺应力湍流模型(J-K模型)和Baldwin-Lomax零方程湍流模型(B-L模型),数值模拟较强激波/边界层相互作用时扩压器内的分离流动。计算结果与实验值进行了比较,表明J-K模型比B-L代数湍流模型可较好地计算出分离流动的再附点位置,并且可更好地计算出激波强度和沿流程的压力分布,仅增加很少的计算量,并更易推广应用于三维湍流问题的数值模拟。      

激波／边界层干扰脉动压力测量技术

建立了激波／边界层干扰脉动压力测试系统。对一组后掠压缩角产生的激波／边界层干扰脉动压力流场进行测量,结果表明,脉动压力时均值及其分布与静态测量得到的结果一致。测量还发现在实验的锥形干扰范围内,未出现类似于二维干扰中由非定常低频振荡激波引起的间歇现象。     

磁流体斜激波的碰撞

讨论了磁流体斜激波之间的碰撞及其与接触间断的相互作用规律,主要结论如下:(1)两个快激波碰撞后交换位置,同时出现一接触间断和一慢稀疏波对。(2)两个慢激波碰撞后交换位置且强度减弱,同时出现一接触间断和一块激波对。(3)一前向快激波与一后向慢激波碰撞后交换位置,快激波强度增加,慢激波强度减弱,同时出现一后向快激波、一负接触间断和一前向慢稀疏波。(4)一前向快激波与一正(负)接触间断相互作用后交换位置,快激波减弱,同时出现一后向快稀疏波(快激波)、一后向慢激波和一前向慢激波(慢稀疏波).(5)一前向慢激波与一正(负)接触间断相互作用后交换位置,慢激波减弱,同时出现一后向慢稀疏波(慢激波)和一快稀疏波(快激波)对。      

Passage shock wave/boundary layer interaction control for transonic compressors using bumps

Flow separation due to shock wave/boundary layer interaction is dominated in blade passage with supersonic relative incoming flow, which always accompanies aerodynamic performance penalties. A loss reduction method for smearing the passage shock foot via Shock Control Bump(SCB) located on transonic compressor rotor blade suction side is implemented to shrink the region of boundary layer separation. The curved windward section of SCB with constant adverse pressure gradient is constructed ahead of...     

惯导系统两类冲击环境条件之间的等效转换

GJB150A采用冲击响应谱的形式来描述复杂冲击环境条件,有助于提升惯导系统等航天电子设备地面试验的真实性。但冲击响应谱试验结果的较大差异性也给产品研制过程中的试验研究带来很大困扰。为了解决试验真实性与试验结果较大差异性之间的矛盾,提出了一种将复杂冲击条件转换为经典冲击条件的等效方法,用经典冲击波形等效冲击响应谱,给出了等效转换的基本准则,基于数值试验结果导出了等效转换公式。经试验验证,按照该方法转换得到的经典波形冲击试验结果接近多次冲击响应谱冲击试验结果的平均水平,表明该方法有效。     

Experimental investigation on aero-heating of rudder shaft within laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers

The aero-heating of the rudder shaft region of a hypersonic vehicle is very harsh, as the peak heat flux in this region can be even higher than that at the stagnation point. Therefore, studying the aero-heating of the rudder shaft is of great significance for designing the thermal protection system of the hypersonic vehicle. In the wind tunnel test of the aero-heating effect, we find that with the increase of the angle of attack of the lifting body model, the increasement of the heat flux of the rudder shaft is larger under laminar flow conditions than that under turbulent flow conditions. To understand this, we design a wind tunnel experiment to study the effect of laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers on the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the same wind tunnel freestream conditions. The experiment is carried out in the ?2 m shock tunnel(FD-14 A) affiliated to the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The laminar boundary layer on the model is triggered to a turbulent one by using vortex generators, which are 2 mm-high diamonds. The aero-heating of the rudder shaft(with the rudder) and the protuberance(without the rudder) are studied in both hypersonic laminar and turbulent boundary layers under the same freestream condition. The nominal Mach numbers are 10 and 12, and the unit Reynolds numbers are2.4 × 10~6 m~(-1) and 2.1 × 10~6 m-1. The angle of attack of the model is 20°, and the deflection angle of the rudder and the protuberance is 10°. The heat flux on the model surface is measured by thin film heat flux sensors, and the heat flux distribution along the center line of the lifting body model suggests that forced transition is achieved in the upstream of the rudder. The test results of the rudder shaft and the protuberance show that the heat flux of the rudder shaft is lower in the turbulent flow than that in the laminar flow, but the heat flux of the protuberance is the other way around,i.e., lower in the laminar flow than in the turbulent flow. The wind tunnel test results is also validated by numerical simulations. Our analysis suggests that this phenomenon is due to the difference of boundary layer velocities caused by different thickness of boundary layer between laminar and turbulent flows, as well as the restricted flow within the rudder gap. When the turbulent boundary layer is more than three times thicker than that of the laminar boundary layer, the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the laminar flow condition is higher than that under the turbulent flow condition. Discovery of this phenomenon has great importance for guiding the design of the thermal protection system for the rudder shaft of hypersonic vehicles.     

壁温比对圆截面隔离段激波串的影响研究

为明晰壁温比对圆截面隔离段激波串的影响,采用RANS方法对圆截面隔离段进行三维数值计算,发现冷壁条件下,壁温比升高将导致隔离段抗反压能力减弱。在此基础上,通过理论分析研究了壁温比对边界层的影响,发现边界层主要通过剪切应力和亚声速流层携带的流体惯性的综合作用来抵抗反压,其中剪切应力与压升作用一致,而亚声速流层携带的流体惯性与压升作用相反。考虑壁温比影响,对经典Waltrup激波串预测公式进行修正,修正后公式可以动态反映壁温比变化导致的激波串长度改变,有助于隔离段优化设计。     

带振荡上仰翼型分离流研究

对带振荡的快速上仰翼型的非定常分离流问题进行了计算研究。采用微分形式的动力学方程和积分形式的运动学方程相结合的有效方法,以及可用于有分离流动的Baldwin-Lom ax 湍流模型,精确地模拟大雷诺数大攻角下的复杂流场。依据流场的不同特点,使用分区方法进行计算,保证了计算精度,大大节省了计算时间。文中分析研究了非定常前缘强旋涡的演化过程和气动力的变化,探讨了不同上仰率和振荡频率对分离流动的影响     

高超声速绕平板上直立圆柱流动特性研究

以平板上直立平无限谪圆柱体为研究对象，采用和Ｒｏｅ三阶通量差分分裂格式求解雷诺平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程，数值模拟研究了高超声速且壁面有传热条件下三维流流场的激波边界层干扰特性，物面压力分布计算值与值吻合良好，数值模拟结果可见圆柱上游分离区流场是一个马蹄形五涡结构且存在有二次分离激波，这是一种值得深入研究的流动新现象。     

超燃进气道激波/湍流边界层干扰

针对超燃进气道湍流边界层/激波干扰引起的分离问题,采用基于5阶WENO数值格式的大涡模拟(LES)方法开展流场湍流非定常预测,旨在分析进气道湍流化技术实现进气道起动的可行性。研究表明,平板激波/湍流边界层干扰(STBLI)问题,LES方法能够清晰、可靠预测反射、分离激波形成过程及激波与充分发展湍流边界层的相互干扰,定量结果与试验一致;进气道研究方面,层流状态下,激波干扰产生强分离,导致进气道堵塞,而采用湍流化控制后试验和计算均表明流场分离明显减小,流场稳定且无明显堵塞现象,进气道可以起动,总压恢复系数达到要求,该结果表明,利用强湍流化减弱分离,实现进气道起动思想是可行的。 