Passage shock wave/boundary layer interaction control for transonic compressors using bumps

Flow separation due to shock wave/boundary layer interaction is dominated in blade passage with supersonic relative incoming flow, which always accompanies aerodynamic performance penalties. A loss reduction method for smearing the passage shock foot via Shock Control Bump(SCB) located on transonic compressor rotor blade suction side is implemented to shrink the region of boundary layer separation. The curved windward section of SCB with constant adverse pressure gradient is constructed ahead of...     

惯导系统两类冲击环境条件之间的等效转换

GJB150A采用冲击响应谱的形式来描述复杂冲击环境条件,有助于提升惯导系统等航天电子设备地面试验的真实性。但冲击响应谱试验结果的较大差异性也给产品研制过程中的试验研究带来很大困扰。为了解决试验真实性与试验结果较大差异性之间的矛盾,提出了一种将复杂冲击条件转换为经典冲击条件的等效方法,用经典冲击波形等效冲击响应谱,给出了等效转换的基本准则,基于数值试验结果导出了等效转换公式。经试验验证,按照该方法转换得到的经典波形冲击试验结果接近多次冲击响应谱冲击试验结果的平均水平,表明该方法有效。     

Experimental investigation on aero-heating of rudder shaft within laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers

The aero-heating of the rudder shaft region of a hypersonic vehicle is very harsh, as the peak heat flux in this region can be even higher than that at the stagnation point. Therefore, studying the aero-heating of the rudder shaft is of great significance for designing the thermal protection system of the hypersonic vehicle. In the wind tunnel test of the aero-heating effect, we find that with the increase of the angle of attack of the lifting body model, the increasement of the heat flux of the rudder shaft is larger under laminar flow conditions than that under turbulent flow conditions. To understand this, we design a wind tunnel experiment to study the effect of laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers on the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the same wind tunnel freestream conditions. The experiment is carried out in the ?2 m shock tunnel(FD-14 A) affiliated to the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The laminar boundary layer on the model is triggered to a turbulent one by using vortex generators, which are 2 mm-high diamonds. The aero-heating of the rudder shaft(with the rudder) and the protuberance(without the rudder) are studied in both hypersonic laminar and turbulent boundary layers under the same freestream condition. The nominal Mach numbers are 10 and 12, and the unit Reynolds numbers are2.4 × 10~6 m~(-1) and 2.1 × 10~6 m-1. The angle of attack of the model is 20°, and the deflection angle of the rudder and the protuberance is 10°. The heat flux on the model surface is measured by thin film heat flux sensors, and the heat flux distribution along the center line of the lifting body model suggests that forced transition is achieved in the upstream of the rudder. The test results of the rudder shaft and the protuberance show that the heat flux of the rudder shaft is lower in the turbulent flow than that in the laminar flow, but the heat flux of the protuberance is the other way around,i.e., lower in the laminar flow than in the turbulent flow. The wind tunnel test results is also validated by numerical simulations. Our analysis suggests that this phenomenon is due to the difference of boundary layer velocities caused by different thickness of boundary layer between laminar and turbulent flows, as well as the restricted flow within the rudder gap. When the turbulent boundary layer is more than three times thicker than that of the laminar boundary layer, the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the laminar flow condition is higher than that under the turbulent flow condition. Discovery of this phenomenon has great importance for guiding the design of the thermal protection system for the rudder shaft of hypersonic vehicles.     

壁温比对圆截面隔离段激波串的影响研究

为明晰壁温比对圆截面隔离段激波串的影响,采用RANS方法对圆截面隔离段进行三维数值计算,发现冷壁条件下,壁温比升高将导致隔离段抗反压能力减弱。在此基础上,通过理论分析研究了壁温比对边界层的影响,发现边界层主要通过剪切应力和亚声速流层携带的流体惯性的综合作用来抵抗反压,其中剪切应力与压升作用一致,而亚声速流层携带的流体惯性与压升作用相反。考虑壁温比影响,对经典Waltrup激波串预测公式进行修正,修正后公式可以动态反映壁温比变化导致的激波串长度改变,有助于隔离段优化设计。     

高超声速绕平板上直立圆柱流动特性研究

以平板上直立平无限谪圆柱体为研究对象，采用和Ｒｏｅ三阶通量差分分裂格式求解雷诺平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程，数值模拟研究了高超声速且壁面有传热条件下三维流流场的激波边界层干扰特性，物面压力分布计算值与值吻合良好，数值模拟结果可见圆柱上游分离区流场是一个马蹄形五涡结构且存在有二次分离激波，这是一种值得深入研究的流动新现象。     

超燃进气道激波/湍流边界层干扰

针对超燃进气道湍流边界层/激波干扰引起的分离问题,采用基于5阶WENO数值格式的大涡模拟(LES)方法开展流场湍流非定常预测,旨在分析进气道湍流化技术实现进气道起动的可行性。研究表明,平板激波/湍流边界层干扰(STBLI)问题,LES方法能够清晰、可靠预测反射、分离激波形成过程及激波与充分发展湍流边界层的相互干扰,定量结果与试验一致;进气道研究方面,层流状态下,激波干扰产生强分离,导致进气道堵塞,而采用湍流化控制后试验和计算均表明流场分离明显减小,流场稳定且无明显堵塞现象,进气道可以起动,总压恢复系数达到要求,该结果表明,利用强湍流化减弱分离,实现进气道起动思想是可行的。      

基于改进SST模型的分离流动数值模拟

对SST湍流模型进行了改进,并通过对典型分离流动进行数值模拟,来检验和提高模型预测分离流动的能力.基于亚声速分离流动,提出了提高雷诺应力的模拟精度和分离流修正的改进方法,并进行了对比研究得出结论;在亚声速分离流动分析结论基础上,采用了可压缩性修正方法,开展了跨声速、超声速和高超声速激波/边界层干扰分离流动的数值模拟研究.结果表明:提高雷诺应力的模拟精度和采用分离流修正明显地提高了SST湍流模型对分离流动的模拟能力;适当地可压缩性修正对超声速和高超声速分离流动的计算精度有改善作用.     

空气节流对超燃燃烧室火焰稳定影响的数值研究

空气节流通过在流场中产生激波串,有效地辅助燃料实现稳定燃烧。非定常数值模拟研究了空气节流对超燃燃烧室燃料稳定燃烧的影响,分析了节流实现燃料稳定燃烧的机理。结果表明:在燃烧室入口马赫数2、静温548.8K、静压0.1MPa,乙烯燃料当量比为0.5,先锋氢辅助点火的条件下,距离发动机入口845mm处,30%入口空气流量的节流流量有效地实现了燃料的稳定燃烧,激波串是实现燃料稳定燃烧的根本原因,节流参数对节流效果有着较大的影响。     

机匣转静刮磨后轴流压气机气动性能评估研究

为揭示机匣可磨耗涂层磨损造成的叶尖间隙和粗糙度变化对压气机气动性能的影响规律,针对不同刮磨形貌下Rotor 37转子性能进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明,压气机等熵效率和出口流量对刮磨间隙和粗糙度的变化较为敏感,降幅最高可达1.78%和0.83%,而压比变化不大;刮磨间隙深度增加,刮磨最深位置前移时,叶尖泄漏增强,泄漏流与上端壁附面层及主流相互作用演变为泄漏涡,与激波相互干涉,造成较大的叶尖损失;压气机气动性能受磨损区域粗糙度影响较小,虽然等熵效率对粗糙度变化较为敏感,但最大降幅也仅为0.38%。磨损区域粗糙度增加时,近壁区湍流波动加强且气流更易分离,引起叶尖泄漏流和叶片尾迹区域的流动结构变化,使压气机气动特性向低流量方向偏移。     

高能电弧等离子体激励控制双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰实验研究

超声速/高超声速飞行器进气道入口处多采用多级压缩构型,其诱导的激波/边界层干扰严重影响进气道效率和飞行器的气动性能,因此对双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰进行流动控制具有较强的应用背景。在来流速度为Ma=2.0的风洞内,针对三种典型的双压缩拐角构型,开展了高能流向脉冲电弧放电阵列调控双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰的实验研究,并对激励流场的高速纹影图像进行了空间梯度阈值处理和均方根处理。结果显示,在激励的作用下两道分离激波的强度均减弱,验证了利用高能流向脉冲电弧放电阵列控制双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰的可行性。在分析控制效果的基础上,获得了在不同构型拐角的流场中前驱冲击波列和控制气泡的演化规律,结合控制效果的时序特征,最终揭示了高能流向脉冲电弧放电阵列作用于双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰的前驱控制和接续控制的接力控制机理。